羟基磷灰石的制备及其在生物分离中的应用

发布时间：2018-03-22 18:27

本文选题：羟基磷灰石　切入点：均相共沉淀法　出处：《青岛科技大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：磷灰石是自然界广泛分布的一种钙盐矿物材料,其化学性质稳定,具有良好的表面化学性质和突出的离子交换性能,在硬组织修复、药物缓释、无机抗菌剂、生物分离、水处理和催化等领域具有广泛的应用。根据其结构中存在的阴离子的种类,可分为氟-、氯-、羟基磷灰石等不同亚种矿物。其中,羟基磷灰石与人体硬组织的化学成分和晶体结构极为相似,具有良好的生物活性和生物相容性,是目前生物材料研究的热点。本论文制备了一种新型棒状聚集状态的羟基磷灰石,并测试了其在生物分离介质上的应用。此外,探索了采用扇贝、蛤蜊等不同种类贝壳为原料制备羟基磷灰石。具体内容如下：1、以市售钙盐、磷酸盐、去离子水等为原料,采用均相共沉淀法,先制备相应的钙离子、磷酸根离子均相溶液,其后将两相混合制得最终产物的前驱体,通过水浴控制前驱体溶液体系的温度、加入尿素受热逐渐升高体系pH使前驱体转换成最终产物,探索了一种一步制备羟基磷灰石的新型方法。相比于传统制备方法整个过程易于控制,产物形貌新颖。2、本着变废为宝、废物利用的目标,研究将餐桌上的常见剩余物扇贝壳、蛤蜊壳用作钙源制备羟基磷灰石。实验通过湿法球磨、洗涤、干燥等处理先将贝壳磨成粉末,而后用浓盐酸使其溶解制成澄清钙离子溶液,与磷酸根离子混合制得前驱体溶液后加入尿素水浴加热形成白色粉末产物。产物稳定、成本低廉,工业价值可观。3、近年基因工程的发展使得基因表达变得更为简单,但相关生物分子的分离发展相对滞后。该章旨在将所制备的羟基磷灰石粉末用作蛋白分离柱层析介质,从静态吸附、柱压测试、蛋白分离效果等方面探索其在生物分离上的应用。结果显示,所制的羟基磷灰石对DNA、蛋白质等生物分子吸附效果较好,耐压性能优异,生物分离效果明显。
[Abstract]:Apatite is a kind of calcium mineral material widely distributed in nature. It has stable chemical properties, good surface chemical properties and outstanding ion exchange properties. It can repair hard tissue, slow release of drugs, inorganic antimicrobial agents, biological separation. Water treatment and catalysis have a wide range of applications. According to the species of anions that exist in their structures, they can be divided into different subspecies, such as fluorine, chlorine, hydroxyapatite and so on. Hydroxyapatite is very similar to human hard tissue in chemical composition and crystal structure, and has good bioactivity and biocompatibility. In this paper, a new kind of hydroxyapatite with rod-like aggregation state was prepared and its application in biofilm was tested. In addition, the application of scallop in biofilm was investigated. Hydroxyapatite was prepared from different kinds of shells such as clam. The contents are as follows: 1. Using calcium salt, phosphate and deionized water as raw materials, the corresponding calcium ion and phosphate ion homogeneous solution were prepared by homogeneous coprecipitation method. Then the precursor of the final product was prepared by mixing the two phases, the temperature of the precursor solution system was controlled by water bath, and the pH of the system was gradually increased by adding urea heating to convert the precursor into the final product. A new method of one-step preparation of hydroxyapatite was explored. Compared with the traditional preparation method, the whole process of hydroxyapatite was easy to control, and the product morphology was novel. The shell of clam was used as calcium source to prepare hydroxyapatite. The shell was ground into powder by wet ball milling, washing and drying, and then dissolved with concentrated hydrochloric acid to make clear calcium ion solution. The precursor solution was prepared by mixing with phosphate ion and then heated in urea water bath to form a white powder product. The product is stable, low cost and of considerable industrial value. The development of genetic engineering in recent years has made gene expression easier. In this chapter, the hydroxyapatite powder is used as a protein separation column chromatography medium, which is used for static adsorption and column pressure measurement. The results show that the prepared hydroxyapatite has good adsorption effect on DNA, protein and other biomolecules.
【学位授予单位】：青岛科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB34

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