无溶剂量子点的设计合成及其宏观响应性能的研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 22:28

本文选题：无溶剂量子点　切入点：PEG　出处：《华中师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：半导体量子点有着独特的物理性能和化学性能成为人们研究的热点,广泛地应用在各个领域如光电传感器,光电子学以及生物成像等。传统合成的量子点一般要分散在氯仿,水,乙醇等溶剂中,这极大的限制了它的进一步加工和材料化,也限制了它在特殊领域的应用。为解决传统的溶剂依赖型的量子点难以加工的问题,扩大其应用范围人们发展了一种新颖的纳米材料即无溶剂量子点。该量子点材料是直接在其表面进行化学修饰通过接枝具有柔性长链的有机物或者离子液体而合成,因此赋予材料新的特点如流动性,热稳定性,可加工性等,基于这些特点使得材料在光电器件,智能流体探针,特殊溶剂等方面有着潜在的应用价值。但是目前人们对无溶剂量子点的研究还处在初级阶段,主要集中在材料的合成上,因此根据材料的特点开发材料新的应用领域是无溶剂量子点发展的必然趋势。本论文着重围绕开发更多功能化的无溶剂量子点,通过分子设计,构建高选择性宏观响应的无溶剂量子点体系,以实现材料的实际应用价值来展开工作。并取得了一定的创新性研究成果。主要内容如下：第一,主要选用了三种不同长度的带有柔性PEG链的两性表面活性分子,通过简单的疏水相互作用将量子点由油相转移至水相,制备出了三种高荧光强度的无溶剂量子点；通过TEM、DSC、FL等表征证明了无溶剂量子点结构的可控组装；在此基础上,进一步研究了无溶剂1810-QDs对金属离子在荧光和界面的响应性能,结果表明1810-QDs可以对Cu2+产生荧光和接触角双响应,为无溶剂量子点用于构建智能流体探针方面奠定了基础。第二,通过运用质子交换组装技术,将柔性PEG链修饰到量子点表面,后利用柱芳烃和PEG烷基链的包结作用把柱芳烃组装到体系中,通过层层组装,得到了高荧光的无溶剂CdTe量子点,该液态量子点材料可以实现对赖氨酸在溶液和宏观上的响应。最后,合成了扁桃酸衍生化的手性柔性PEG长链,通过疏水作用修饰到量子点表面,合成了具有手性响应功能的无溶剂CdSe量子点。并探究了该无溶剂量子点材料对手性氨基醇底物的选择性,通过荧光,TEM,流变表征,该体系可以实现对客体(1R，2S)-2-氨基-1,2-苯乙醇在分子尺度,微观尺度,宏观尺度的高选择性。
[Abstract]:Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) with unique physical and chemical properties have been widely used in many fields, such as photoelectric sensors, optoelectronics, bioimaging and so on. In water, ethanol and other solvents, this greatly limits its further processing and materialization, as well as its application in special fields. In order to solve the problem that traditional solvent-dependent quantum dots are difficult to process, A novel nano-material, solvent-free quantum dots, has been developed to expand its application. The quantum dot material is synthesized by grafting organic compounds or ionic liquids with flexible long chains directly on its surface by chemical modification. Therefore, new characteristics such as fluidity, thermal stability, processability and so on are given to the materials, which make the materials in optoelectronic devices, intelligent fluid probes, etc. Special solvents have potential application value. However, the study of solvent-free quantum dots is still in its infancy, focusing on the synthesis of materials. Therefore, it is an inevitable trend to develop new applications of solvent-free quantum dots according to the characteristics of materials. This paper focuses on the development of more functional solvent-free quantum dots through molecular design. In order to realize the practical application value of materials, a solventless quantum dot system with highly selective macro response was constructed. Some innovative research results were obtained. The main contents are as follows: first, Three kinds of amphoteric surface active molecules with flexible PEG chains were selected and three solventless quantum dots with high fluorescence intensity were prepared by simple hydrophobic interaction to transfer the quantum dots from the oil phase to the aqueous phase. The controllable assembly of solvent-free quantum dots was proved by the characterization of Tem DSC-FL, and the response of solvent-free 1810-QDs to metal ions in fluorescence and interface was further studied. The results show that 1810-QDs can produce both fluorescence and contact angle responses to Cu2. It lays a foundation for the use of solvent-free quantum dots in the construction of intelligent fluid probes. Secondly, flexible PEG chains are modified to the surface of quantum dots by using proton exchange assembly technology. Then the column aromatics were assembled into the system by the inclusion of the column aromatics and the PEG alkyl chain, and the solvent-free CdTe quantum dots with high fluorescence were obtained by layer-by-layer assembly. The liquid QDs can respond to lysine in solution and macroscopically. Finally, a chiral flexible PEG chain derived from mandelic acid is synthesized and modified to the surface of QDs by hydrophobic interaction. Solvent-free CdSe quantum dots with chiral response were synthesized. The selectivity of chiral amino-alcohol substrates of solvent-free QDs was investigated. The system can achieve high selectivity to the guest (1R ~ (2 +)) S _ (2) S ~ ((2)) -amino ~ (-1) N _ (2) phenylethyl alcohol at molecular scale, micro scale and macro scale.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1

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