功能化PPTA修饰碳纳米管的制备及性能研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 23:29

本文选题：碳纳米管　切入点：化学接枝　出处：《鲁东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：自发现碳纳米管(CNTs)以来,CNTs在过去的几十年中引起了极大的关注,因为碳纳米管可以应用到材料学的各个领域中。特别值得说的是因为CNTs具有高模量、高强度、极低的密度和超高的管径比等非常理想的机械性能,所以CNTs被看成了非常理想的增强聚合物机械性能的填充物。以往的研究表明,CNTs想要成为一种非常好的增强材料,那么就得解决CNTs容易团聚的问题。到目前为止,报道了很多种改性CNTs的方法。在众多的修饰CNTs的聚合物中,PPTA无疑是一种非常好的材料,因为它是一种非常著名的高性能聚合物材料,拥有许多良好的性能,例如,在航空航天、汽车、弹道面料和化工石油等领域都有应用。PPTA和CNTs两种超强材料的结合,所产生的的协同效应能够加强各种高分子材料。本文将环氧氯丙烷接到PPTA表面,得到了一些列环氧化程度不同的PPTA-ECH-x。热重分析表明,PPTA-ECH热稳定性降低,并且随着环氧化程度的不断增大,稳定性越来越差;红外光谱分析表明,在1544cm-1处N-H键的弯曲振动峰的峰值随着ECH含量的不断增强逐渐减弱,甚至当环氧化程度达到最大时,峰值几乎消失;通过透射电镜表明,随着环氧化程度的不断增大,成根的纳米纤维变成了纳米纤维球。接下来我们采用物理方法和化学方法分别用PPTA-ECH-x去修饰碳纳米管(MWNTs)和氨基碳纳米管(MWNTs-NH2),得到了功能化的芳纶物理修饰的碳纳米管系列材料即PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x和功能化的芳纶化学修饰的氨基碳纳米管系列材料即PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2-x。通过热重分析表明,改性后的CNTs热稳定很好,并且通过失重比计算出了包覆在碳纳米管表面的PPTA-ECH的含量,随着环氧化程度的不断增加,PPTA-ECH的含量也在不断的增大,这有可能是ECH的含量增加导致了PPTA-ECH含量的增加;透射电镜分析表明,改性的PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x和PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2-x的管壁变得粗糙并且管壁变厚,说明PPTA-ECH成功的包覆到了碳纳米管的表面;XPS分析证明了成功的以化学键的方式改性了MWNTs-NH2将PPTA-ECH接到了其表面。在这篇论文中,将PPTA-ECH分别以物理方法和化学方法包覆到碳纳米管的表面得到PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x和PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2-x材料,将PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x和PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2-x分别填充到聚合物聚氯乙烯(PVC)中,浇铸成膜通过拉力测试分析对PVC的屈服强度、杨氏模量和韧性的影响。我们发现,PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2-x/PVC复合薄膜的屈服强度、杨氏模量和韧性相对于纯的PVC来说分别提高了113.64%~227.84%、73.81%~201.56%和229.77~589.96%;PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x/PVC复合薄膜的屈服强度、杨氏模量和韧性相对于纯的PVC来说分别提高了158.01%~215.08%、45.79%~153.13%和311.21~540.81%。通过对比发现在最佳填充重量比时,PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x/PVC和PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2-x/PVC的最大屈服强度、杨氏模量和韧性都比于文献报道的PPTA-MWNTs/PVC和PPTA-MWNTs-NH2/PVC增强效果要提升很多。这就表明PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x和PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2都能对PVC的力学性能起到增强的效果,并且化学接枝方式修饰CNTs的要比物理修饰CNTs的效果要稍微好一点。
[Abstract]:Since the discovery of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) CNTs has attracted great attention in the past few decades, because carbon nanotubes can be applied to various fields of materials science. Especially it is worth to say that because the CNTs has high modulus, high strength, mechanical properties of extremely low density and high diameter ratio is very ideal so, CNTs is regarded as a reinforcing filler the mechanical properties of polymers are very ideal. Previous studies have shown that CNTs wants to be a very good reinforcing material, so easy to solve CNTs aggregation problem. So far, many methods reported modified CNTs. In the modified CNTs the polymer, PPTA is undoubtedly a very good material, because it is a very famous high performance polymer material has many good properties, such as cars, in aerospace, chemical industry, ballistic fabrics and oil fields A combined application of.PPTA and CNTs two kinds of super material, which produce a synergistic effect to strengthen various polymer materials. In this paper, epichlorohydrin to PPTA surface, PPTA-ECH-x. got some heat column ring of different oxidation degree analysis showed that the lower the thermal stability of PPTA-ECH, and with the increasing of epoxidation degree, stability and the worse; infrared spectrum analysis showed that in bending vibration peak at 1544cm-1 peak of N-H bond with the content of ECH increased gradually, even when the epoxidation degree reaches the maximum, the peak almost disappeared; by means of transmission electron microscope showed that with the increasing of epoxidation degree, into nanofibers root into nano fiber ball next we use the methods of physical and chemical methods to modify carbon nanotubes by PPTA-ECH-x (MWNTs) and amino carbon nanotubes (MWNTs-NH2), the function of Fang A series of amino carbon nanotubes carbon nanotubes modified polyamide series material physics PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x and functionalization of aramid fiber chemical modification of PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2-x. by thermogravimetric analysis showed that thermal stability of the modified CNTs is very good, and the weight ratio to calculate the content of coating on the surface of carbon nanotubes by PPTA-ECH, with the increase of epoxidation the degree of the content of PPTA-ECH is increasing, it is possible to increase the content of ECH leads to the increase of PPTA-ECH content; transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that the tube wall of the modified PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x and PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2-x became rough and wall thickening, indicating that PPTA-ECH was successfully coated to the surface of carbon nanotubes; XPS analysis the success in the form of chemical bonding of modified MWNTs-NH2 PPTA-ECH received its surface. In this paper, PPTA-ECH respectively by physical method And the chemical method of the coating to the surface of carbon nanotubes by PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x and PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2-x materials, PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x and PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2-x were filled into polymer polyvinyl chloride (PVC), cast into films by tensile test analysis of the yield strength of PVC, influence of Young's modulus and toughness. We found that the yield strength of PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2-x/PVC composite films, the young's modulus and toughness compared to pure PVC were increased by 113.64%~227.84%, 73.81%~201.56% and 229.77~589.96%; PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x/PVC composite film yield strength, Young's modulus and toughness compared to pure PVC were increased by 158.01%~215.08%, 45.79%~153.13% and 311.21~540.81%. found in the best filling weight ratio when compared with PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x/PVC and PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2-x/PVC, the maximum yield strength, Young's modulus and toughness than to The reported PPTA-MWNTs/PVC and PPTA-MWNTs-NH2/PVC enhancement effect to improve a lot. It shows that PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-x and PPTA-ECH-MWNTs-NH2 are on the mechanical properties of PVC to enhance the effect, and the chemical grafting modification of CNTs mode than the physical modification effect of CNTs a little.

【学位授予单位】：鲁东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ127.11;TB383.1

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