以金属—有机框架物为前驱体的Cu基和Ni基纳米催化材料的制备及催化性能研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 20:31

本文选题：纳米复合物　切入点：过渡金属纳米粒子　出处：《内蒙古大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前,资源短缺问题日渐突出,资源消耗已接近环境承载极限。如何减少资源的浪费,提高资源利用率,已成为人们关注的热点。过渡金属纳米粒子在能源催化领域具有广泛的应用,其低廉的价格、高效的催化活性以及日益拓展的应用使其备受关注,近年来已被广泛研究。本文从金属-有机框架物(MOFs)Cu-BTC和Ni-BTC前驱体出发,以石墨烯(GO)为载体,设计合成了石墨烯包覆的Cu-BTC@GO和Ni-BTC@GO复合纳米材料,并进一步以Cu-BTC@GO和Ni-BTC@GO复合纳米材料为前驱体,进而在不同条件下对其进行还原制备了Cu@GO和Ni@GO复合纳米材料,对其结构、尺寸、形貌及催化还原对硝基苯酚进行了系统研究。论文随后以Ni-BTC@GO复合为前驱体,通过高温固相方法制备了Ni2P@GO复合纳米材料,对其电化学产氢性能进行了研究。本文第一章为绪论,主要综述了过渡金属纳米催化材料的研究进展,进而提出论文的选题依据、研究思路与研究内容。本文第二章以Cu-BTC和Ni-BTC MOFs为前驱体,设计合成了石墨烯包覆的Cu-BTC@GO和Ni-BTC@GO复合纳米材料,采用XRD.SEM.TEM.XPS等表征手段,对Cu-BTC@GO和Ni-BTC@GO复合纳米材料的结构、尺寸、形貌和表面特性进行了研究。并以对硝基苯酚还原为模型反应,评价了Cu-BTC@GO和Ni-BTC@GO复合纳米材料的催化性能,研究结果显示,Cu-BTC@GO复合纳米材料对对硝基苯酚还原反应展现出了较为优异的催化活性。在此基础上,进一步探索以Cu-BTC@GO和Ni-BTC@GO复合纳米材料为前驱物,利用不同的还原方法,制备Cu@GO和Ni@GO复合纳米材料,对其结构、尺寸、形貌及对硝基苯酚催化还原性能进行了研究,优化和筛选出具有优异催化性能的Cu@GO和Ni@GO复合纳米材料。本文第三章以Ni-BTC@GO复合纳米材料为前驱体,首次以次磷酸钠为磷源,通过控制前驱体与次磷酸钠的比例,设计合成具有不同形貌的磷化镍／石墨烯(Ni2P@GO)复合纳米材料,对其制备过程、结构调控、尺寸和形貌以及电化学催化产氢性能进行了研究。研究发现,以Ni-BTC@GO复合纳米材料为前驱体制备的Ni2P@GO复合纳米材料具有非常优异的催化性能,且通过调变Ni-BTC@GO前驱体和次磷酸钠比例,可以调控Ni2P@GO复合纳米材料的形貌和电化学催化性能。本文第四章对全文进行了总结,并对下一步研究工作进行了展望。
[Abstract]:At present, the problem of resource shortage is becoming more and more serious, and the consumption of resources is close to the limit of environmental carrying capacity. How to reduce the waste of resources and improve the utilization rate of resources, Transition metal nanoparticles have been widely used in the field of energy catalysis, due to their low price, efficient catalytic activity and expanding applications. In recent years, it has been widely studied. In this paper, Cu-BTC@GO and Ni-BTC@GO composite nanomaterials coated with graphene were designed and synthesized on the basis of metal-organic framework (MOFsTc) and Ni-BTC precursor. Furthermore, Cu@GO and Ni@GO composite nanomaterials were prepared under different conditions by using Cu-BTC@GO and Ni-BTC@GO composite nanomaterials as precursors. The structure and size of Cu@GO and Ni@GO composite nanomaterials were investigated. The morphology and catalytic reduction of p-nitrophenol were systematically studied. The electrochemical hydrogen production properties of Ni2P@GO nanocomposites were studied by high temperature solid state method with Ni-BTC@GO composite as precursor. The first chapter is introduction. In this paper, the research progress of transition metal nanocatalytic materials is reviewed, and the basis, ideas and contents of the thesis are put forward. In the second chapter, Cu-BTC and Ni-BTC MOFs are used as precursors. Graphene coated Cu-BTC@GO and Ni-BTC@GO composite nanomaterials were designed and synthesized. The structure, size, morphology and surface properties of Cu-BTC@GO and Ni-BTC@GO composite nanomaterials were studied by means of XRD.SEM.TEM.XPS, and the reduction of p-nitrophenol was used as a model reaction. The catalytic properties of Cu-BTC@GO and Ni-BTC@GO composite nanomaterials were evaluated. The results showed that Cu-BTCCgo composite nanomaterials exhibited excellent catalytic activity for p-nitrophenol reduction. Using Cu-BTC@GO and Ni-BTC@GO composite nanomaterials as precursors, Cu@GO and Ni@GO composite nanomaterials were prepared by different reduction methods. The structure, size, morphology and catalytic reduction properties of p-nitrophenol were studied. The Cu@GO and Ni@GO composite nanomaterials with excellent catalytic properties were optimized and screened. In chapter 3, Ni-BTC@GO composite nanomaterials were used as precursors, sodium hypophosphite as phosphorus source for the first time, and the ratio of precursors to sodium hypophosphite was controlled by controlling the ratio of precursors to sodium hypophosphate. Nickel phosphide / graphene ni2Pol goo composite nanomaterials with different morphologies were designed and synthesized. The preparation process, structure regulation, size, morphology and electrochemical catalytic hydrogen production properties were studied. The Ni2P@GO composite nanomaterials prepared by using Ni-BTC@GO composite nanomaterials as precursors have excellent catalytic performance and adjust the ratio of Ni-BTC@GO precursors to sodium hypophosphate. The morphology and electrochemical catalytic performance of Ni2P@GO composite nanomaterials can be regulated.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TB383.1;O643.36

【相似文献】