纳米洋葱碳国内外研究进展

发布时间：2018-03-27 06:29

本文选题：纳米洋葱碳　切入点：纯化　出处：《太原理工大学学报》2016年03期

【摘要】：纳米洋葱碳(Carbon nano onions,CNOs)因其弯曲闭合的特殊石墨层结构而具有优良的物理化学性质。毒理学分析发现,CNOs无毒且具有很好的生物相容性,因此对纳米洋葱碳的研究越来越受到国内外的重视。然而纳米洋葱碳存在溶解性差的缺点,功能化纳米洋葱碳可明显提高其溶解性,进而拓宽其应用。总结和归纳了纳米洋葱碳的国内外研究进展。介绍了洋葱碳(CNOs)的分类和结构,对制备CNOs的物理和化学方法(包括电弧放电法、等离子体法、电子束辐射法、化学气相沉积、纳米金刚石真空热处理、热解法等)进行了分析,比较了各种方法的优缺点;对CNOs的纯化、功能化、表面改性及毒性等进行了广泛的论述;总结了洋葱碳在生物、环境、电子、太赫兹屏蔽、摩擦学、催化、光限幅、电化学储氢等方面的应用。近年来,CNOs宏量可控制备及其纯化成为考验其工业化应用的主要标杆。澳大利亚HAZER集团成功实现了CNOs产业化,展示了CNOs的应用前景。在未来应密切关注CNOs纯化、功能化及产业化。
[Abstract]:Nano onion carbon nano onionsCNOS has excellent physical and chemical properties due to its special graphite-layer structure, which is curved and closed. Toxicology analysis shows that CNOs are nontoxic and have good biocompatibility. Therefore, the research on nano-onion carbon has attracted more and more attention at home and abroad. However, nano-onion carbon has the disadvantage of poor solubility, and functionalized nano-onion carbon can obviously improve its solubility. The research progress of nano-onion carbon at home and abroad was summarized and summarized. The classification and structure of CNOs were introduced. The physical and chemical methods of preparing CNOs were introduced, including arc discharge method, plasma method, electron beam radiation method, electron beam radiation method, electron beam radiation method, arc discharge method, plasma method, electron beam radiation method, etc. Chemical vapor deposition, vacuum heat treatment of nanocrystalline diamond, pyrolysis, etc.) the advantages and disadvantages of various methods were compared, and the purification, functionalization, surface modification and toxicity of CNOs were discussed extensively. This paper summarizes onion carbon in biology, environment, electron, terahertz shielding, tribology, catalysis, optical limiting, The application of electrochemical hydrogen storage and so on. In recent years, HAZER macroscopically controlled equipment and its purification have become the main benchmark to test its industrial application. Australia HAZER Group has successfully realized the industrialization of CNOs. The application prospect of CNOs is demonstrated. The purification, functionalization and industrialization of CNOs should be paid close attention to in the future.
【作者单位】：太原理工大学环境科学与工程学院;西澳大利亚大学机械与化工系;
【基金】：山西省基础研究计划项目:CNOs的可控制备及其在超级电容器中的应用(2015021062)
【分类号】：TB383.1;O613.71

【相似文献】