甲壳素—钛酸钾复合晶须膜的合成初探

发布时间：2018-05-04 03:15

  本文选题：钛酸钾晶须 + 甲壳素晶须　； 参考：《青岛科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：钛酸钾晶须具有优良的耐热性、高热稳定性及极佳的力学性能,甲壳素晶须有较强的吸附螯合性能、分散性能等。本文分别对两种晶须进行了系统的实验探究,之后将两晶须进行复合,制备出机械强度高、分散性好的复合晶须膜产品,初步探索复合晶须的制备及其性能研究。以钛白粉和KOH为原料,在水热条件下合成钛酸钾晶须,考察了碱液浓度、钾钛摩尔比、反应温度和保温时间对晶须合成的影响,并对产品进行SEM、TEM及XRD表征。研究发现：KOH浓度为5 mol/L、钾钛摩尔比为20：1、反应温度为300℃以及保温时间为5h时,合成的晶须细长,长径比均匀,形貌最为理想,其直径大约为40-50nnm,长径比为100-150；通过XRD分析可知,产品为六钛酸钾晶须。在晶须的合成过程重点考察了分散剂对晶须形貌、结晶度、热稳定性的影响,分别加入壳聚糖盐酸盐、三元聚合物P(CMTC-AM-DMC)和PDMC作为分散剂,并对产品进行了SEM、TEM、XRD及TG等表征。结果表明：PDMC能够最有效地分散晶须,且添加5%时效果最好,该条件下晶须长度为6-8μm,长径比为130-270；此外,分散剂及分散剂种类不会对晶须的结构及性质造成影响,且添加分散剂后所合成的晶须依然具有优良的高温热稳定性。以甲壳素和盐酸为原料合成了甲壳素晶须,考察了盐酸浓度、盐酸体积、反应时间对晶须产品的影响。通过对晶须产品的各表征说明：甲壳素质量为1g、盐酸浓度为3mol/L、盐酸体积为30mL、反应时间为1.5h-2h时合成的晶须形貌最理想,且晶须长度为400-500nm,直径为20-30nm,长径比为15-25。用聚乙烯醇对钛酸钾晶须进行改性,再添加到甲壳素晶须胶体悬浊液中制膜,考察甲壳素晶须膜与复合晶须膜的拉伸性能。研究表明：添加钛酸钾晶须后的膜的拉伸性能较甲壳素晶须膜拉伸性能有明显增强,且添加量为3.0%时效果最明显,拉伸强度为73.27MP,是甲壳素晶须膜的1.84倍。
[Abstract]:Potassium titanate whiskers have excellent heat resistance, high thermal stability and excellent mechanical properties. Chitin whiskers have strong adsorption and chelating properties, dispersion properties and so on. In this paper, two kinds of whiskers were studied systematically, and then the two whiskers were compounded to produce composite whiskers with high mechanical strength and good dispersion. The preparation and properties of the composite whiskers were studied preliminarily. Potassium titanate whiskers were synthesized from titanium dioxide and KOH under hydrothermal conditions. The effects of alkali concentration, molar ratio of potassium to titanium, reaction temperature and holding time on the synthesis of whiskers were investigated. The products were characterized by XRD and TEM. It was found that when the concentration of: Koh was 5 mol / L, the molar ratio of potassium to titanium was 20: 1, the reaction temperature was 300 鈩，

本文编号：1841337