固相接枝改性甘蔗渣的制备及应用

发布时间：2018-05-04 22:19

本文选题：甘蔗渣 + 固相法　；参考：《华南理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：论文采用固相法将甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)接枝到碱处理后的甘蔗渣(SCB)表面,得到SCB-g-MMA。首先采用单因素法研究了接枝单体用量、引发剂用量、水的用量以及反应温度和时间对接枝率和接枝效率的影响。通过红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振(NMR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和热重分析(TG)等方法对所制备的SCB-g-MMA进行表征。测试结果表明MMA已成功接枝到SCB上。在单因素实验基础上,采用响应面法研究接枝单体用量、引发剂用量、水的用量对接枝率和接枝效率的影响。结果表明,固相法接枝改性甘蔗渣实验以接枝率为响应值的最佳工艺为单体用量是SCB的20.10%、引发剂用量是SCB的12.85%、水的用量为体系50.18%;以接枝效率为响应值的最佳工艺为单体用量为SCB的19.61%、引发剂用量SCB的13.01%、水的用量为体系51.19%。在优化工艺条件下制备SCB-g-MMA,作为亚甲基蓝(MB)的吸附剂,通过红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振(NMR)和扫描电镜(SEM)对吸附剂进行表征。对比SC B与SCB-g-MMA吸附剂对MB的吸附能力,表明固相接枝改性后的甘蔗渣具有更好的吸附效果。进一步考察了吸附剂投加量、吸附时间、MB初始浓度和溶液p H对SCB-g-MMA吸附MB的影响。在室温下,MB初始浓度在25-400mg/L范围内,当吸附剂投加量大于等于10g/L,溶液p H范围在6-12,吸附时间超过40min,SCB-g-MMA对MB的去除率达到99%,对MB的吸附量可达97.3mg/g。SCB-g-MMA吸附MB的等温线吸附符合Freundlich模型,吸附动力学模型符合伪二阶动力学方程。在优化工艺条件下制备SCB-g-MMA,作为改性剂加入到PVA/淀粉(ST)复合材料中,通过红外光谱(FT-IR)、核磁共振(NMR)和扫描电镜(SEM)对改性剂进行表征。对比了SCB和SCB-g-MMA改性PVA/ST复合材料的效果。SEM测试表明SCB-g-MMA改性的PVA/ST复合材料界面模糊,相容性较好。进一步研究了SCB-g-MMA的用量对PVA/ST复合材料的影响。在SCB-g-MMA含量为7phr时,力学性能测试表明SCB-g-MMA改性的PVA/ST复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率达到最大,相比于PVA/ST基体分别提升了153.1%和277.5%;当用量为10phr时,SCB-g-MMA出现团聚现象。
[Abstract]:In this paper, methyl methacrylate (MMA) was grafted onto the surface of alkali treated bagasse (SCB) by solid phase method to obtain SCB-g-MMA. The effects of the amount of graft monomer, initiator, water, reaction temperature and time on grafting rate and grafting efficiency were studied by single factor method. The SCB-g-MMA was characterized by FT-IR, NMR-X ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). The test results show that MMA has been successfully grafted onto SCB. On the basis of single factor experiment, the effects of the amount of graft monomer, the amount of initiator, the amount of water and the grafting efficiency were studied by response surface method. The results show that Solid phase grafting modification bagasse experiment with grafting rate as the response value of the optimum process as monomer dosage is SCB 20.1010, initiator dosage is SCB 12.85, water dosage is 50.18; grafting efficiency as the response value of the optimum process as monomer dosage It is 19.61 of SCB, 13.01 of initiator SCB and 51.19 of water. SCB-g-MMAwas prepared under optimized conditions and was used as an adsorbent for methylene blue MB.The adsorbents were characterized by FT-IR, NMR and SEM. Compared with the adsorption ability of SCB and SCB-g-MMA adsorbents, the results showed that bagasse modified by solid phase grafting had better adsorption effect. The effects of adsorbent dosage, adsorption time and initial concentration of MB and solution pH on the adsorption of SCB-g-MMA were further investigated. At room temperature, when the initial concentration of MB is in the range of 25-400mg/L, when the amount of adsorbent is more than 10 g / L, the pH range of solution is 6-12, the adsorption time is more than 40 min, the removal rate of MB is 99%, and the adsorption amount of MB can reach the isotherm of 97.3mg/g.SCB-g-MMA adsorption MB, which accords with the Freundlich model. The adsorption kinetic model accords with pseudo-second order kinetic equation. SCB-g-MMAwas prepared under optimized conditions and was added as modifier to PVA/ starch ST-composite. The modifier was characterized by FT-IR, NMR and SEM. The results of PVA/ST composites modified by SCB and SCB-g-MMA showed that the interface of PVA/ST composites modified by SCB-g-MMA was fuzzy and the compatibility was good. The effect of SCB-g-MMA content on PVA/ST composites was further studied. When SCB-g-MMA content is 7phr, the tensile strength and elongation at break of PVA/ST composites modified by SCB-g-MMA are the highest, which are 153.1% and 277.5% higher than that of PVA/ST matrix, respectively, and the agglomeration of SCB-g-MMA is observed when the content of 10phr is 10phr.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB306

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