可分离磁性活性炭复合材料的制备及性能调控

发布时间：2018-05-08 10:31

本文选题：活性炭 + 复合材料　；参考：《中国计量学院》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：活性炭(AC)具备发达的孔隙结构,大的比表面积和孔容,对气体、溶液中的小颗粒杂质、大分子物质、重金属离子等污染物都有较强的吸附能力。同时,因其发达的孔道结构和比表面积,活性炭是一种优良的模板剂,许多功能材料(比如磁性材料、光催化剂、吸波材料等)可以负载于活性炭表面或者进入活性炭孔道,从而得到性能优异的活性炭复合材料。磁性活性炭具有较大的比表面积和优异的磁性能,是一种可分离、吸附水中有机染料的有效吸附剂。本论文采用不同的化学方法合成了不同磁介质负载活性炭复合材料,研究复合材料对亚甲基蓝(MB)的吸附行为来判定吸附性能。论文通过改变磁介质与活性炭的比例优化其磁响应及吸附能力。1、采用溶胶-凝胶(sol-gel)法,成功制备了一系列磁性CoxFey/Co Fe2O4/AC复合材料,所有样品都具有优异的磁响应现象,同时对MB的吸附能力强。研究了磁性物质与活性炭的比例对CoxFey/Co Fe2O4/AC复合材料物相、磁性能以及吸附性能的影响。研究表明,随着AC比例的增加,CoxFey/Co Fe2O4/AC复合材料的磁响应效果减弱,对MB的吸附能力降低。同时Co:Fe:AC的添加量摩尔比为1:2:150得到的样品(CFA/AC-150)因其较好的Ms(13.33 emu/g)和较高的比表面积(962.78 m2·g-1),从而更适合用于染料污水处理,并且能够应用磁分离技术快速地回收磁性活性炭。2、采用水热法合成了一系列Co Fe2O4/AC复合材料,所有样品都具有良好的磁响应现象,同时对MB的吸附能力强。研究了磁性物质和AC的摩尔比例对Co Fe2O4/AC复合材料物相、磁性能以及吸附性能的影响。研究表明,随着AC比例的增加,Co Fe2O4/AC复合材料的磁响应效果减弱,对MB的吸附能力降低。同时Co:Fe:AC的添加量摩尔比为1:2:200得到的样品(CF/AC-200)因其适宜的Ms(5.11 emu/g)和最高的比表面积(1096.85 m2·g-1),从而更适合用于染料污水处理,并且能够应用磁分离技术快速地回收磁性活性炭。3、采用微乳液法合成了一系列Ni/AC复合材料,所有样品都具有良好的磁响应现象,同时对MB的吸附能力强。研究了磁性物质和AC的摩尔比例对Ni/AC复合材料物相、磁性能以及吸附性能的影响。研究表明,随着AC比例的增加,Ni/AC复合材料的磁响应效果减弱,对MB的吸附能力降低。同时Ni:AC的添加量摩尔比为1:50得到的样品(Ni/AC-50)因其适宜的Ms(3.39 emu/g)和最高的比表面积(1156.85 m2·g-1),从而更适合用于染料污水处理,并且能够应用磁分离技术快速地回收磁性活性炭。除此之外,研究表明sol-gel法会对AC的孔道结构造成一定的破坏,从而降低磁性活性炭的比表面积和总孔容,减弱了其吸附能力。水热法和微乳液法不会破坏AC的孔道结构,且微乳液法合成的Ni/AC-50样品与水热法合成的CF/AC-200样品对MB的吸附能力相差不大,而且Ms值也较接近,但是Ni/AC-50样品中因Ni的氧化造成其稳定性能相对较差,而且微乳液法制备方法相对较复杂。因此,本论文中,水热法合成的CF/AC-200样品具有最佳性能。最后,在优化的CF/AC-200样品的基础上,继续采用sol-gel法合成了Ti O2/Co Fe2O4/AC复合材料,结果显示所有样品不仅具有良好磁响应现象,同时保持了对MB的较好吸附能力,在紫外线照射下,能够通过自身降解吸附的MB,具有光催化特性。研究表明,随着二氧化钛含量增加,其晶化程度增加,光催化降解MB性能增强。
[Abstract]:Activated carbon (AC) has developed pore structure, large specific surface area and Kong Rong. It has strong adsorption capacity for gases, small particle impurities, large molecular substances and heavy metal ions in the solution. At the same time, because of its developed pore structure and specific surface area, activated carbon is a fine template, and many functional materials (such as magnetic material). Material, photocatalyst, absorbing material, etc. can be loaded on the surface of activated carbon or into the channel of activated carbon. Thus, the active carbon composites with excellent properties are obtained. Magnetic activated carbon has a large specific surface area and excellent magnetic properties. It is an effective adsorbent for separating organic dyes in water. This paper uses different chemical formulas. Different magnetic medium loaded activated carbon composites were synthesized by the method. The adsorption behavior of the composite material to methylene blue (MB) was studied. The magnetic response and adsorption capacity of.1 were optimized by changing the ratio of magnetic medium to activated carbon. A series of magnetic CoxFey/Co Fe2O4/AC composites were successfully prepared by the sol-gel (sol-gel) method. All the samples have excellent magnetic response and strong adsorption ability to MB. The effects of the ratio of magnetic materials and activated carbon on the phase, magnetic properties and adsorption properties of CoxFey/Co Fe2O4/AC composites are studied. The study shows that the magnetic response of CoxFey /Co Fe2O4/AC composite is weakened with the increase of the proportion of AC, to MB The adsorption capacity of Co:Fe:AC was reduced, and the sample (CFA/AC-150) obtained by the molar ratio of 1:2:150 (CFA/AC-150) was better for its Ms (13.33 emu/g) and higher specific surface area (962.78 m2. G-1), which was more suitable for the treatment of dyestuff sewage, and the magnetic separation technology was used to quickly recover the magnetic activated carbon.2, and a hydrothermal method was used to synthesize the one. A series of Co Fe2O4/AC composites have good magnetic response and strong adsorption to MB. The effects of the molar ratio of magnetic materials and AC on the phase, magnetic properties and adsorption properties of Co Fe2O4/AC composites are studied. The study shows that the magnetic response of Co Fe2O4/AC composites decreases with the increase of the proportion of AC. At the same time, the adsorptive capacity of MB is reduced. At the same time, the sample (CF/AC-200) with the molar ratio of Co:Fe:AC to 1:2:200 (CF/AC-200) is suitable for Ms (5.11 emu/g) and the highest specific surface area (1096.85 m2. G-1), so it is more suitable for the treatment of dye sewage, and the magnetic separation technique can be used to quickly recover the magnetic activated carbon.3, using microemulsion method. A series of Ni/AC composites have been synthesized. All the samples have good magnetic response and strong adsorption ability to MB. The effects of the molar ratio of magnetic materials and AC on the phase, magnetic properties and adsorption properties of Ni/AC composites are studied. The results show that the magnetic response of Ni/AC composites is weakened with the increase of AC ratio. The adsorption capacity of MB was reduced. At the same time, the molar ratio of Ni:AC added at 1:50 (Ni/AC-50) was suitable for Ms (3.39 emu/g) and the highest specific surface area (1156.85 m2. G-1), which was more suitable for the treatment of dyestuff wastewater, and the magnetic separation technology could be used to quickly recover magnetic activated carbon. In addition, the study showed that sol-gel method was used. It will cause a certain damage to the pore structure of AC, thus reducing the specific surface area and total pore volume of magnetic activated carbon and reducing its adsorption capacity. The hydrothermal method and microemulsion method will not destroy the pore structure of AC, and the Ni/AC-50 samples synthesized by microemulsion and the CF/AC-200 samples synthesized by hydrothermal method have little difference between the adsorption capacity of MB and the Ms value. It is also close, but the stability of the Ni/AC-50 samples is relatively poor due to the oxidation of Ni, and the preparation method of microemulsion is relatively complex. Therefore, in this paper, the CF/AC-200 samples synthesized by hydrothermal method have the best performance. Finally, on the basis of the optimized CF/AC-200 samples, the sol-gel method is used to synthesize the Ti O2/Co Fe2O4/AC. The results show that all the samples not only have good magnetic response, but also maintain a good adsorption capacity for MB. Under UV irradiation, they can be adsorbed by their own MB and have the photocatalytic properties. The study shows that with the increase of titanium dioxide content, the crystallization degree increases and the photocatalytic degradation of MB is enhanced.

【学位授予单位】：中国计量学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ424.1;TB33

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