冲击载荷下泡沫铝夹芯防护结构的侵彻动力学行为研究

发布时间：2018-05-11 02:18

本文选题：固体力学 + 夹芯板　；参考：《太原理工大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：泡沫铝夹芯板结构的特点是轻质、高比刚度，并具有良好的冲击波散射性能，被广泛应用于航空航天、军用汽车、船舶制造以及核工业等领域。作为一种轻质复合装甲，不可避免地经常遭受子弹及爆轰产物、破片的冲击，只有清楚了解其抗侵彻性能，才可以使其充分发挥自身的防护能力。为了进一步探讨泡沫金属夹芯板防护装甲的抗侵彻性能，本文从实验研究、理论建模与数值模拟三个方面对不同弹头的子弹撞击作用下泡沫铝夹芯板防护装甲的动态响应问题进行了系统深入的研究，取得如下重要成果：通过不同弹头的子弹对泡沫铝夹芯板的侵彻实验，研究了其在子弹撞击下的变形模式和侵彻失效问题，以及泡沫铝夹芯板抗侵彻性能与弹头形状、芯层厚度及面板厚度等参数的关系。研究发现：侵彻所导致的变形和损伤主要集中在子弹头部下方区域发生，而在径向方向上几乎没有发生变形和损伤。增加芯层厚度或面板厚度均能有效提高泡沫铝夹芯板的抗侵彻性能。夹芯板对平头弹的抗侵彻性能最好，，对球头弹的抗侵彻性能次之，对锥头弹的抗侵彻性能最弱。建立了泡沫金属夹芯板厚靶在不同弹头的子弹撞击下的多阶段侵彻动力学理论模型，得到了侵彻阻力和瞬时速度等物理量的解析解。并在此基础上研究了子弹几何尺寸、芯层密度、子弹入射速度等参数与能量吸收的关系。同时应用非线性结构动态响应分析有限元程序对子弹侵彻不同面板组合、不同尺寸的泡沫铝夹芯板防护装甲的全过程进行了数值模拟，研究了其变形和失效过程，并探讨分析了影响夹芯板抗侵彻性能和整体吸能特性的参数。结果表明：夹芯板的抗侵彻性能随着芯层密度、芯层厚度的增加而增加，夹芯板的能量吸收也随着子弹初始速度和直径的增加而增加。夹芯板的抗侵彻性能和整体吸能特性不仅与面板材料的强度有关，也与不同强度材料的面板前后顺序有关。文中还对多层防护甲板的抗侵彻性能进行了数值模拟研究，比较了不同数量、厚度、布置方式与层合方式的效果。研究表明：双层靶板首层的厚度与靶板（除空气层外）总厚度的比值等于0.5时，靶板的抗侵彻性能最弱，当比值等于0.25时，靶板的抗侵彻性能最好。在三层靶板结构中，首层的厚度越小，靶板的抗侵彻性能越好。
[Abstract]:The foam aluminum sandwich panel structure is characterized by light weight, high specific stiffness and good shock wave scattering performance. It is widely used in aerospace, military vehicles, shipbuilding and nuclear industry. As a kind of lightweight composite armor, it is unavoidable to be subjected to the impact of bullets and detonation products, and fragments. Only by clearly understanding its penetration resistance, can it give full play to its own protective ability. In order to further study the penetration resistance of metal foam sandwich panel armor, this paper presents an experimental study. Theoretical modeling and numerical simulation are used to study the dynamic response of aluminum foam sandwich plate armor under the impact of different warhead bullets systematically and deeply. The results are as follows: In this paper, the deformation mode and penetration failure of the foam aluminum sandwich panel under the impact of bullets are studied through the penetration experiments of the bullets with different warheads, as well as the penetration resistance performance and the warhead shape of the foam aluminum sandwich panel. The relationship between the thickness of the core layer and the thickness of the panel. It is found that the deformation and damage caused by penetration mainly occur in the area below the bullet head, but almost no deformation and damage occur in the radial direction. The penetration resistance of foamed aluminum sandwich panel can be improved by increasing the thickness of core layer or panel. The sandwich panel has the best penetration resistance to flat-end projectile, followed by spherical projectile, and the taper projectile has the weakest anti-penetration performance. A multi-stage penetration dynamics model for thick foamed metal sandwich plate targets under the impact of bullets with different warheads is established. The analytical solutions of penetration resistance and instantaneous velocity are obtained. On this basis, the relationship between the energy absorption and the parameters such as the size of the bullet, the density of the core layer and the incident velocity of the bullet is studied. At the same time, the finite element program of nonlinear structural dynamic response analysis is used to simulate the whole process of projectile penetration into different panel combinations and different sizes of aluminum foam sandwich panel armor, and the deformation and failure process of the armor are studied. The parameters that affect the penetration resistance and energy absorption of sandwich panels are discussed. The results show that the penetration resistance of sandwich panels increases with the increase of core density and core thickness, and the energy absorption of sandwich panels increases with the increase of initial velocity and diameter of bullets. The penetration resistance and overall energy absorption of sandwich panels are not only related to the strength of panel materials, but also related to the order of front and rear panels of different strength materials. Numerical simulation of the anti-penetration performance of multi-layer protective decks is also carried out, and the effects of different numbers, thickness, arrangement and lamination are compared. The results show that when the ratio of the thickness of the first layer of the double layer target to the total thickness of the target (except the air layer) is equal to 0.5, the penetration resistance of the target is the weakest. When the ratio is equal to 0.25, the penetration resistance of the target is the best. In the three-layer target structure, the smaller the thickness of the first layer, the better the penetration resistance of the target.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.4

【引证文献】