相变材料应用于冷藏保鲜箱的试验研究
发布时间:2018-05-11 22:00
本文选题:冷藏箱体 + 相变材料 ; 参考:《上海理工大学》2015年硕士论文
【摘要】:将相变材料应用到冷藏(车)箱体壁面上,以延缓箱体内部空间货物的温度上升,是一项新的技术。冷藏(车)箱体不仅可以用于新鲜果蔬等食品的品质储藏及运输,也可以应用于药品,如疫苗、血液及胰岛素的低温存储及运输。本课题配比了一种适用于冷藏(车)箱体的相变蓄冷材料,它具有合适的相变温度,符合新鲜果蔬、食品的品质冷藏需求及药品质量如血液、疫苗等冷藏要求,具有较高的潜热,满足冷藏装置的储能要求低,无毒、无害等一系列的特性。同时利用模拟软件模拟了冷藏箱体的壁面及箱体内部的传热过程,并按照实际冷藏集装箱体的比例缩小,搭建了一套半导体制冷系统的冷藏箱实验台进行试验研究。1、利用超声波细胞粉碎机的超声震荡原理,将正十四烷烃与正十二烷烃按照一定的比例,混合一定的时间,形成了互溶的复合相变材料。2、利用差示扫描量热法(DSC)测量了复合相变材料的热物性参数,其相变温度为2.15℃,潜热值为175J/g,符合新鲜果蔬、食品品质及药品质量的冷藏需求。3、利用COMSOL软件对冷藏箱体的壁面及箱体内部的空间进行了模拟与分析计算,结果证明:箱体壁面中相变材料的添加能够使箱体与外界环境温度完全隔离;箱体壁面中添加相变材料能够减小箱体内部温度的波动,延缓箱体内部空间温度的上升。4、设计并搭建了具有蓄冷功能的复合相变材料冷藏箱体实验装置。采用半导体制冷系统,高密度聚乙烯薄板保温系统。5、以上海青为例研究叶菜类各部位在是否添加相变材料的冷藏箱体中降温过程、低温存储及复温过程中温度的变化规律。结果表明:1)在降温过程中,相变材料能够延缓箱体内温度的降低,有利于大叶脉处的水分通过导管的运输作用及时的送到小叶脉及叶片处,减小了大叶脉与小叶脉及叶片处的温差,防止叶片的冻伤。2)在低温存储过程中,相变材料的固液相变能够吸收或释放制冷系统的一部分冷量,减缓上海青各部位之间的温差波动;3)在升温过程中,由于相变材料的潜热储能,延缓箱体内部空间及上海青各部位的温度上升,在升温过程中,大叶脉、小叶脉及叶片处一直存在温差,且温差出现先增大后减小的趋势。因此,相变材料在相变过程中利用存储的冷量使上海青各部位温差波动减小,增加低温存储的时间及减缓升温,对研究叶菜类果蔬的冷藏保鲜具有一定的应用价值与前景。
[Abstract]:It is a new technology to apply phase change material to the wall of the refrigerated (car) box to delay the temperature rise of the space cargo inside the box. Refrigerated boxes can be used not only for storage and transportation of fresh fruits and vegetables, but also for low temperature storage and transportation of medicines, such as vaccines, blood and insulin. In this paper, a phase change storage material suitable for refrigerating (car) box is developed, which has the appropriate phase change temperature, meets the requirements of fresh fruits and vegetables, food quality, cold storage and medicine quality, such as blood, vaccine, etc. It has high latent heat and meets the requirements of low energy storage, non-toxic, harmless and so on. At the same time, the heat transfer process on the wall and inside of the refrigerator is simulated by using the simulation software, and the proportion of the refrigerated container is reduced according to the actual scale. In this paper, a set of refrigerator test bench of semiconductor refrigeration system was set up for experimental study. By using the ultrasonic oscillation principle of ultrasonic cell crusher, n-tetradecane and n-dodecane were mixed for a certain time according to a certain proportion. The thermal properties of the composite phase change materials were measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The phase transition temperature was 2.15 鈩,
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