碳纤维复合材料桥塞切削技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-12 17:39

本文选题：碳纤维复合材料 + 切削仿真　；参考：《沈阳航空航天大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：水平井桥塞分段压裂技术是页岩油气井开发的主体技术,其中采用下入磨铣工具完成桥塞的钻铣是这项技术的关键环节。目前碳纤维复合材料的应用非常广泛,其比强度、比模量、高温性能优越,国内外油田逐步将其应用到桥塞的制造上。但是由于碳纤维复合材料是难切削材料,磨铣工具钻铣碳纤维复合材料桥塞过程中会出现一些问题—磨铣工具极易发生磨损。因此,需要对碳纤维复合材料桥塞的切削技术进行深入研究。本文采用了有限元模拟仿真碳纤维复合材料切削过程和进行基础切削试验的方法,对碳纤维复合材料桥塞切削技术进行了研究。首先,使用有限元分析软件ABAQUS建立了碳纤维复合材料的切削仿真模型,从数值模拟的角度对碳纤维复合材料的切削过程进行了研究,理论上直观清晰地认识了碳纤维复合材料的切削变形过程。然后,针对碳纤维复合材料桥塞钻铣中出现磨铣工具磨损的问题,采用基础试验的方法进行研究。采用涂层硬质合金刀具进行碳纤维复合材料的切削试验,观察了刀具磨损形态、分析了刀具的磨损变化规律,研究得出了刀具的磨损机理以磨粒磨损为主;研究了切削用量三要素对刀具磨损的影响,采用单一变量法分别研究了切削速度、背吃刀量、进给量对刀具磨损的影响,得出切削速度对刀具磨损的影响最大;对比研究了YG8和YT15切削碳纤维复合材料的刀具磨损,分析刀具材料物理和力学性能对刀具磨损的影响,得出YG8硬质合金刀具更为适合切削碳纤维复合材料。最后,通过有限元分析仿真切削过程和一系列基础试验的研究得出了相应的结论,分析了刀具磨损原因和减轻刀具磨损措施,对碳纤维复合材料桥塞钻铣技术和磨铣工具两个方面进行了改进。(1)改进了磨铣工具的结构,整体采用镶块式结构,切削元件采用分割刃和切削刃两种形式(2)合理选择刀具材料,选择了YG8为磨铣工具的刀具材料(3)优化了磨铣参数,采用低速、大进给量。
[Abstract]:Section fracturing technology of bridge plug in horizontal well is the main technology of shale oil and gas well development, in which the drilling and milling of bridge plug is the key link of this technology by means of down-grinding and milling tool. At present, carbon fiber composites are widely used, their specific strength, specific modulus and high temperature performance are superior, so oil fields at home and abroad have gradually applied them to the manufacture of bridge plug. However, due to the fact that carbon fiber composites are difficult to be machined, there will be some problems in the process of grinding and milling carbon fiber composite bridge plugs-grinding and milling tools are easy to be worn. Therefore, it is necessary to study the cutting technology of carbon fiber composite bridge plug. In this paper, the cutting technology of carbon fiber composite bridge plug is studied by using finite element method to simulate the cutting process of carbon fiber composite and to carry out foundation cutting test. Firstly, the cutting simulation model of CFRP is established by using finite element analysis software ABAQUS, and the cutting process of CFRP is studied from the point of view of numerical simulation. In theory, the cutting deformation process of carbon fiber composites is clearly and intuitively understood. Then, the basic test method is used to study the wear problem of grinding and milling tools in bridge plug drilling and milling of carbon fiber composites. The cutting test of carbon fiber composite material with coated cemented carbide tool was carried out. The wear pattern of the tool was observed and the change law of tool wear was analyzed. The wear mechanism of the tool was mainly abrasive wear. The influence of three factors of cutting parameters on tool wear is studied. The influence of cutting speed, back feed and feed rate on tool wear is studied by single variable method, and it is concluded that cutting speed has the greatest influence on tool wear. The tool wear of YG8 and YT15 cutting carbon fiber composites was studied. The effects of the physical and mechanical properties of cutting tool materials on tool wear were analyzed. It was concluded that YG8 carbide cutting tool is more suitable for cutting carbon fiber composites. Finally, through the finite element analysis of simulation cutting process and a series of basic experiments, the corresponding conclusions are obtained, and the causes of tool wear and the measures to reduce tool wear are analyzed. The technology of bridge plug drilling and milling and grinding and milling tools of carbon fiber composite are improved. The structure of grinding and milling tools is improved. The insert type structure is adopted as a whole, and the cutting element adopts two forms of cutting edge and cutting edge. YG8 is chosen as the tool material for grinding and milling tools. The parameters of grinding and milling are optimized with low speed and high feed rate.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE934.2;TB332

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