一种通过环氧树脂改善酚酞聚芳醚酮复合材料加工工艺的研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 05:10

本文选题：酚酞聚芳醚酮 + 环氧树脂　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：纤维增强热塑性复合材料在近几年得到了广泛的关注,这是由于其应用中表现出的良好的性能,如:很高的比强度和比模量、抗疲劳性、抗冲击韧性、损伤阻抗、快速成型的制造工艺及可循环加工的特性。它可能代替已经大量应用的热固性复合材料,从而推广到航空航天及交通运输等领域,具备广阔的应用前景。目前,研究较多的热塑性树脂基体包括:聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、聚酰亚胺(PI)、聚醚砜(PES)等,它们具有优异的机械性能、热稳定性。以上研究工作主要集中在探究温度、添加剂、老化等对材料的热性能和机械性能的影响上。而碳纤维热固性复合材料则是最早受到广泛关注的复合材料体系,也具有较高的力学和热学性能,在耐腐蚀和稳定性方面都有良好的性能。但是随着科技的不断进步,热固性树脂本身也存在许多的缺点,所以研究人员针对其自身存在的不足对其进行改性处理,例如用热塑性树脂对热固性树脂进行改性等多种方法。在加工工艺上,热塑性树脂有两方面的不足,第一则是热塑性树脂只有在高温情况下才能达到良好的流动态,第二则是热塑性树脂本身具有较高的粘度从而不能较好地浸渍到纤维丝束中,这样会严重影响层压板的性能。针对热塑性树脂自身的不足,我们采取加入少量环氧树脂对这一体系进行改善。利用溶液法将树脂与碳纤维布制备成预浸料,通过模压成型工艺制备复合材料层压板。通过对不同溶剂预浸料的制备进行探究,从而得到质量优异的混合树脂预浸料。其次进行了不同制备工艺的探索以得到较好的纤维浸渍和性能优异的复合材料的层压板。利用动态机械性能、层间剪切强度、铺覆强度、扫描电镜的研究分别讨论了在不同固化剂、不同树脂比例下层压板的性能表征。结果表明:使用N,N’-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)作为溶剂制备混合树脂体系的预浸料可以达到良好的预浸效果。通过对于7层层压板不同制备工艺的研究,得出了一种最佳的制备工艺方法。动态机械性能(DMA)测试表明,对比三种不同固化剂的层压板,间苯二胺(MPD)与二氨基二苯基砜(DDS)两种固化剂对于层压板影响较大,而在对比不同树脂比例下的五种层压板其结果表明层压板M5%和M10%综合性能优异。
[Abstract]:Fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites have received extensive attention in recent years, which is due to their good properties in application, such as high specific strength and modulus, fatigue resistance, impact toughness, damage resistance, etc. Rapid prototyping manufacturing process and recycling processing characteristics. It may replace the thermosetting composite material which has been widely used, thus it can be extended to aerospace, transportation and other fields, and has a broad application prospect. At present, many thermoplastic resins have been studied, such as polyether ether ketone (PEEK), polyimide (Pi), polyethersulfone (PES), and so on. They have excellent mechanical properties and thermal stability. The research focuses on the effects of temperature, additives and aging on the thermal and mechanical properties of the materials. Carbon fiber thermosetting composite is the first widely concerned composite system, and has high mechanical and thermal properties, and has good corrosion resistance and stability. However, with the development of science and technology, thermosetting resin itself has many shortcomings, so many methods such as modification of thermosetting resin with thermoplastic resin have been carried out according to the shortcomings of thermosetting resin. In the processing process, thermoplastic resin has two shortcomings. The first is that thermoplastic resin can only reach a good flow state at high temperature. The second is that the thermoplastic resin has high viscosity and cannot be impregnated into the fiber bundle, which will seriously affect the properties of the laminate. In view of the shortage of thermoplastic resin, a small amount of epoxy resin was added to improve the system. Resin and carbon fiber cloth were prepared into prepreg by solution method, and composite laminates were prepared by molding process. The preparation of prepreg with different solvents was studied to obtain the prepreg of high quality mixed resin. Secondly, different preparation processes were explored to obtain better fiber impregnation and excellent properties of laminates. Dynamic mechanical properties, interlaminar shear strength, coating strength and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the properties of laminates with different curing agents and different resin ratios. The results showed that the prepreg of the mixed resin system prepared by the solvent of Nu N- dimethyl acetamide (DMAC) could achieve a good prepreg effect. Through the study of the different preparation processes of the 7-layer laminates, an optimum preparation method was obtained. The dynamic mechanical properties (DMA) test showed that, compared with the laminates with three different curing agents, the two curing agents, resorcinenediamine (MPD) and diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS), had greater influence on the laminates. The results showed that the composite properties of M5% and M10% were excellent.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB332

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