碳纳米管在聚合物中分散方法的研究

发布时间：2018-05-22 16:14

本文选题：碳纳米管 + 超声波　；参考：《北京化工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：碳纳米管／聚合物复合材料由于具有二者的性能,己成为聚合物基复合材料研究的热点之一。目前,碳纳米管在聚合物中的分散机理以及分散方法的研究仍处于起步阶段,进而制约了碳纳米管/聚合物复合材料的工业化生产。本文以碳纳米管在聚合物中的分散作为主要研究对象,系统探讨了不同分散方法对碳纳米管分散效果的影响。首先利用常规超声波分散法研究表面活性剂及其含量对碳纳米管在环氧树脂中分散效果的影响；并在无溶剂超声波方法中添加表面活性剂,结果表明,表面活性剂可有效改善碳纳米管的分散效果以及分散效率。熔融共混是最适合于工业化生产的方式之一,本文在研究碳纳米管分散机理的基础上,研发了一台适用于碳纳米管/聚合物熔融共混的连续拉伸分散实验机,通过实验研究了实验机的转子初始相位角以及工艺条件对碳纳米管在环氧树脂中分散效果的影响。实验结果表明,转子的初始相位角为O时,分散混合效果最佳；在一定范围内增加混合时间能改善碳纳米管分布效果；此外,在熔融共混过程中加入表面活性剂对整体的混合效果也有轻微作用。由于熔融共混与超声波分散法各有局限性,利用自主研发的连续拉伸分散实验机与超声波设备相结合,研究了二者协同作用时时间、超声波功率等工艺条件碳纳米管分散效果的影响。结果表明把熔融共混中剪切、拉伸分散与超声波分散中的空化作用有机地结合在一起,能大大提高混合效果。此外,本文利用溶液静电纺丝法初步探讨了电诱导法对碳纳米管在聚合物中分散的可行性。
[Abstract]:Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) / polymer composites have become one of the hotspots in polymer matrix composites due to their properties. At present, the study on the dispersion mechanism and dispersion methods of carbon nanotubes in polymers is still at the initial stage, which restricts the industrial production of carbon nanotubes / polymer composites. In this paper, the dispersion of carbon nanotubes in polymers is taken as the main research object, and the effects of different dispersion methods on the dispersion effect of carbon nanotubes are systematically discussed. The influence of surfactant and its content on the dispersion of carbon nanotubes in epoxy resin was studied by conventional ultrasonic dispersion method, and the results showed that the surfactant was added to the solvent-free ultrasonic method. Surfactant can effectively improve the dispersion efficiency and dispersion efficiency of carbon nanotubes. Melt blending is one of the most suitable methods for industrial production. On the basis of studying the dispersing mechanism of carbon nanotubes, a continuous tensile dispersion machine suitable for carbon nanotube / polymer melt blending was developed in this paper. The effects of the initial phase angle of the rotor and the process conditions on the dispersion of carbon nanotubes in epoxy resin were investigated experimentally. The experimental results show that when the initial phase angle of the rotor is O, the dispersion and mixing effect is the best, and increasing the mixing time in a certain range can improve the carbon nanotube distribution. The addition of surfactants in the melt blending process also has a slight effect on the overall mixing effect. Due to the limitations of melt blending and ultrasonic dispersion, the time of synergistic action between the two methods was studied by combining the developed continuous tensile dispersion machine and ultrasonic equipment. Effects of ultrasonic power and other technological conditions on dispersion of carbon nanotubes. The results show that the combination of shear, tensile dispersion and cavitation in ultrasonic dispersion can greatly improve the mixing effect. In addition, the feasibility of electrolysis of carbon nanotubes in polymer was discussed by solution electrospinning method.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：O613.71;TB383.1

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