二维金属氧化物纳米电极材料的制备及储能应用研究

发布时间：2018-05-24 11:01

本文选题：金属氧化物纳米片 + 电极材料　；参考：《郑州轻工业学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：社会经济快速发展带来一系列的能源短缺、生态环境污染等问题,已经成为当今人类健康生存亟需解决的重大问题。近年来,寻找可持续绿色能源成为人们研究的焦点。电化学电容器作为一种新型的储能装置,因其具有优异的电化学性能和对环境友好等优势,备受重视。高性能电极材料,作为影响电化学电容器性能的关键因素之一,它的研究不断开展。二维金属氧化物纳米材料具有高比表面积、高理论容量和开放的短程离子传输等优良特征,在电化学电容器的实际应用中具有很高的研究价值。本研究制备出新型二维Ni(OH)2、NiO、α-Fe2O3金属氧化物纳米材料,结合不同的制备工艺进行探究,并研究了其与石墨烯复合后的储能性能。主要内容如下:(1)采用水热法制备出二维Ni(OH)2、NiO、α-Fe2O3金属氧化物纳米材料,研究了水热反应温度和反应时间对Ni(OH)2纳米片材料形貌、结构和电化学性能的影响,从而获得最优储能性能的反应条件为140℃和10 h。同时也探究了Ni(OH)2纳米片转化为二维NiO纳米片的最佳退火条件及其电化学性能。(2)以水热法制备出的二维Ni(OH)2纳米片和溶剂热法制备的α-Fe2O3纳米片为原料,通过控制两者复合比例进行水热反应,获得的NFC8(Ni(OH)2与α-Fe2O3的质量比为8:1)在2 A g-1高电流密度下获得了1745.33 F g-1的比电容,并且在20 A g-1的电流密度下,3000次恒流充放电循环后仍保留84.28%的比容量,表明所获得的新型二维纳米结构的NFC8在商业实际应用中具有极大的潜在价值。(3)通过控制Ni(OH)2纳米片与MoS2纳米片的复合比例,利用水热法合成了一种新型的纳米结构Ni(OH)2/MoS2复合材料(NMCs)。所获得的NMC8(Ni(OH)2与MoS2质量之比为8:1)电极具有最优异的电化学性能,在1 A g-1的电流密度下具有1677.49 F g-1的高比电容;当功率密度为750 W kg-1时,其能量密度达到57.27 W h kg-1;10000个循环周期后电容量仍为初始电容量的90.06%,显示出了优异的循环稳定性。(4)采用一步水热法分别合成石墨烯与Ni(OH)2、NiO新型纳米片复合材料,并通过控制复合比例,探讨了石墨烯含量对复合材料电化学能量存储性能的影响,获得的NGC8(Ni(OH)2与石墨烯的质量比为8:1)复合材料的比容量在0.8 A g-1的电流密度下高达1862.2 F g-1,并且具有优异的稳定性。而且当NGC8转化为NrC8(NiO与石墨烯的质量比为8:1)时,相比同类复合材料,仍保持优异的电化学储能性能。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of social economy has brought a series of energy shortage, ecological environment pollution and so on. It has become a major problem to be solved urgently. In recent years, searching for sustainable green energy has become the focus of people's research. As a new type of energy storage device, electrochemical capacitor has excellent electrochemical properties. High performance electrode materials, as one of the key factors affecting the performance of electrochemical capacitors, have been carried out continuously. The two dimensional metal oxide nanomaterials have high specific surface area, high theoretical capacity and open short range ion transmission. The new two-dimensional Ni (OH) 2, NiO, and alpha -Fe2O3 metal oxide nanomaterials were prepared in this study, and the energy storage properties of the composite were studied in combination with graphene. The main contents were as follows: (1) the two-dimensional Ni (OH) 2, NiO, and alpha -Fe2O3 metal oxide nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal method. Materials, the effects of hydrothermal reaction temperature and reaction time on the morphology, structure and electrochemical properties of Ni (OH) 2 nanomaterials were investigated. The optimum reaction conditions for obtaining the best energy storage properties were 140 and 10 h., and the optimum annealing conditions and electrochemical properties of Ni (OH) 2 nanometers transformed into two-dimensional NiO nanoscale were also explored. (2) hydrothermal method A two-dimensional Ni (OH) 2 nanometers and a solvothermal method of alpha -Fe2O3 nanoscale were prepared as raw materials. By controlling the mixture ratio for hydrothermal reaction, the obtained NFC8 (Ni (OH) 2 and the mass ratio of alpha -Fe2O3 was 8:1) and obtained a specific capacitance of 1745.33 F g-1 under the high current density of 2 A g-1, and 3000 constant current charge under the 20 current density. After the discharge cycle still retained the specific capacity of 84.28%, indicating that the new two-dimensional nanostructure NFC8 has great potential value in commercial practice. (3) a new type of nanostructured Ni (OH) 2/MoS2 composite (NMCs) was synthesized by controlling the composite ratio of Ni (OH) 2 nanoscale and MoS2 nanoscale. The NMC8 (Ni (OH) 2 and MoS2 mass ratio is 8:1) with the most excellent electrochemical performance, with a high specific capacitance of 1677.49 F g-1 under the current density of 1 A g-1; when the power density is 750 W kg-1, the energy density is 57.27 W, and the capacity of the 10000 cycles is still 90.06% of the initial capacitance. (4) one step hydrothermal method was used to synthesize graphene and Ni (OH) 2, NiO nanocomposite, and by controlling the compound ratio, the effect of graphene content on the electrochemical energy storage performance of the composite was investigated, and the ratio of NGC8 (Ni (OH) 2 and the mass ratio of stone to 8:1) was 0.8 A g-1. The flow density is up to 1862.2 F g-1 and has excellent stability. And when NGC8 is converted to NrC8 (the mass ratio of NiO and graphene is 8:1), the electrochemical energy storage performance of the same composite remains excellent compared to the same composite.
【学位授予单位】：郑州轻工业学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB383.1;TM53

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