基于管状纳米材料复合物的设计及其吸波性能研究

发布时间：2018-05-24 12:20

本文选题：碳纳米管 + 碳化硅　；参考：《南京理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来随着社会的进步,电子科技的日益革新,电子产品和电子设备的大量使用给人们生活带来了便利的同时也带来了电磁污染等环境问题。电磁污染不但影响着人们的健康,而且影响着其他电子设备的正常工作。电磁波吸收材料可以降低电磁污染所带来的危害,同样地在军事领域电磁波吸收材料可以有效降低雷达对军事设施的探测能力。吸波材料的设计主要根据其原理通过将入射的电磁波吸收和消耗来有效的降低电磁辐射所产生的危害。聚吡咯气凝胶由于其质量轻、吸波性能好等特点受到了广泛的关注,但是其单独作为吸波材料不能满足所有环境下对材料的要求。本文以羧基碳纳米管(MCNT-COOH)和碳化硅纳米管(SiCNT)为研究对象来调控聚吡咯(PPy)气凝胶,形成杂化的复合材料,然后对它们的电磁波吸收性能进行研究。主要的工作有以下几个方面。(1)MCNT-COOH和SiCNT分别调控PPy气凝胶的制备过程。首先,利用文献方法对碳纳米管进行羧基化处理,然后将得到的MCNT-COOH与吡咯单体不同比例混合,通过氧化吡咯单体形成羧基碳纳米管/聚吡咯复合材料(MCNT-COOH@PPy)。再利用上述制备MCNT-COOH@PPy的方法制备出不同比例的碳化硅纳米管/聚吡咯复合材料(SiCNT@PPy),最终得到具有不同微观结构形貌的气凝胶。(2)为了进一步弄清MCNT-COOH@PPy和SiCNT@PPy复合材料的形貌结构,本文采用扫描电镜、透射电镜、红外光谱分析仪、拉曼光谱分析仪、X射线衍射分析仪、X射线光电子能谱仪等对得到的产物进行表征分析。通过分析可知,吡咯单体优先在MCNT-COOH和SiCNT表面聚合形成一层薄膜,然后在薄膜外继续自组装聚合形成含有上述两种物质的气凝胶。(3)对上述制备的MCNT-COOH@PPy和SiCNT@PPy气凝胶分别以不同比例与石蜡混合,然后利用矢量网络分析仪进行电磁参数测试,接着再对它们的介电性能和电磁波吸收性能进行分析。通过分析可知MCNT-COOH@PPy和SiCNT@PPy均表现出优异的电磁波吸收性能,最大的有效吸收宽度分别是6.12GHz和6.52GHz比纯的聚吡咯宽很多,并且有吸波厚度薄、质量轻、耐腐蚀等特点。因此,上述两种产物可以作为很好的电磁波吸收材料。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the progress of society and the increasingly innovation of electronic technology, the extensive use of electronic products and electronic equipment has brought convenience to people's lives, but also brought environmental problems such as electromagnetic pollution. Electromagnetic pollution not only affects people's health, but also affects the normal operation of other electronic devices. Electromagnetic wave absorbing materials can reduce the harm caused by electromagnetic pollution. Similarly in military field electromagnetic wave absorbing materials can effectively reduce radar detection ability to military facilities. The design of absorbing materials is mainly based on the principle of absorbing and consuming the incident electromagnetic wave to effectively reduce the harm caused by electromagnetic radiation. Polypyrrole aerogels have attracted much attention because of their light weight and good absorbing properties. However, as a kind of absorbing material alone, polypyrrole aerogels can not meet the requirements of materials in all environments. In this paper, carboxyl carbon nanotubes (MCNT-COOH) and silicon carbide nanotubes (SiCNT) were used to regulate polypyrrole pyrrolidine aerogels to form hybrid composites, and their electromagnetic wave absorption properties were studied. MCNT-COOH and SiCNT regulate the preparation of PPy aerogels respectively. Firstly, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were treated by carboxylation method, then the MCNT-COOH was mixed with pyrrole monomers in different proportions to form carboxyl carbon nanotubes / polypyrrole composites by oxidation of pyrrole monomers. In order to further understand the morphology of MCNT-COOH@PPy and SiCNT@PPy composites, different proportions of silicon carbide nanotubes / polypyrrole composites were prepared by the method of preparing MCNT-COOH@PPy, and finally aerogels with different microstructure were obtained. The products were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), infrared spectroscopy (IR), Raman spectroscopy (Raman), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that the pyrrole monomer preferentially polymerizes on the surface of MCNT-COOH and SiCNT to form a thin film. The MCNT-COOH@PPy and SiCNT@PPy aerogels were mixed with paraffin in different proportions respectively, and then the electromagnetic parameters were tested by vector network analyzer. Then their dielectric properties and electromagnetic wave absorption properties are analyzed. The results show that both MCNT-COOH@PPy and SiCNT@PPy have excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance. The maximum effective absorption width is that 6.12GHz and 6.52GHz are much wider than pure polypyrrole, and have the characteristics of thin absorbing thickness, light weight, corrosion resistance and so on. Therefore, the above two products can be used as good materials for electromagnetic wave absorption.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB383.1

【参考文献】