基于氧化铝模板纳米阵列电极的制备及性能研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 01:23

本文选题：肼燃料电池 + 直流电沉积　；参考：《武汉工程大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：直接肼燃料电池(DHFC)因其能量密度较高(5.42Wh.g-1)、理论电动势较强(1.61V)、理论能量转换效率好(100%)及对环境无污染等优点而受到广泛关注。本论文以二步氧化法制备了通孔阳极氧化铝(AAO),其孔道均匀有序,孔径为60~80nm,孔的密度约为1010个/cm2。采用直流电沉积法以通孔的氧化铝为模板制备金属Pt,Pd和Ag纳米线,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、能谱仪(EDS)及X射线衍射仪(XRD)表征得出,纳米线表面光滑、纳米颗粒在纳米孔洞内填充完全,且模板内所沉积物质的覆盖率较高。三种金属纳米线均属于多晶结构,衍射图谱中均没有出现其它明显的杂质峰,均为单质金属的纳米线。将Pt、Pd和Ag三种纳米线分别制作成相应的纳米线阵列电极,利用循环伏安法和计时电流法研究和分析各纳米阵列电极对肼的电催化氧化性能,并与其相对应的平板电极进行了对比。研究表明Pt、Pd和Ag三种纳米阵列电极都对N2H4表现出一定的电催化氧化能力,与其相对应的平板电极相比,均具有更高的催化氧化活性。最后,对纳米线具有更高的催化活性进行了简单的理论分析。同时,采用循环伏安法对Pt,Pd和Ag纳米线阵列电极在不同测试条件对肼电催化氧化性能的影响规律进行了分析研究。研究表明:溶液中肼浓度提高,这三种纳米线阵列电极上催化氧化肼的活性随之增大;增大扫描速率,纳米线阵列电极对肼的催化氧化活性也随之增加,并且各氧化峰的Ip值随扫描速率v1/2成正比关系。最后,利用计时电流法研究表明纳米阵列电极催化氧化肼具有更好的稳定性和耐受性。
[Abstract]:Direct hydrazine fuel cell (DHFC) is widely concerned because of its high energy density (5.42Wh.g-1C), strong theoretical EMF (1.61V), high theoretical energy conversion efficiency (DHFC) and no pollution to the environment. In this paper, through porous anodic alumina (AAOO) has been prepared by two-step oxidation method. Its pore channel is homogeneous and ordered, the pore diameter is 60 ~ 80nm, and the pore density is about 1010 / cm ~ (2). Metal PtPd and Ag nanowires were prepared by direct current electrodeposition (DC electrodeposition) with alumina through pores as template. The surface of nanowires was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy spectrometer (EDS) and X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and the surface of the nanowires was smooth. Nanocrystalline particles are completely filled in the pores, and the coverage of the deposited materials in the template is high. All of the three metal nanowires belong to polycrystalline structure. There are no obvious impurity peaks in the diffraction pattern and all of them are simple metal nanowires. The corresponding nanowire array electrodes were prepared by using three kinds of nanowires, PtPd and Ag. The electrocatalytic oxidation of hydrazine was studied and analyzed by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The results were compared with the corresponding plate electrode. The results show that both PD and Ag nanoscale array electrodes exhibit certain electrocatalytic oxidation ability to N2H4, and they have higher catalytic oxidation activity than the corresponding plate electrodes. Finally, a simple theoretical analysis of the higher catalytic activity of nanowires was carried out. At the same time, the cyclic voltammetry was used to analyze the effect of PtnPd and Ag nanowire array electrodes on the catalytic oxidation of hydrazine under different test conditions. The results showed that the activity of catalytic oxidation of hydrazine on the three nanowire array electrodes increased with the increase of the concentration of hydrazine in the solution, and the catalytic oxidation activity of the nanowire array electrodes for hydrazine increased with the increase of the scanning rate. The Ip value of each oxidation peak is proportional to the scanning rate v 1 / 2. Finally, the results of chronoamperometric method show that the nanoscale array electrode has better stability and tolerance.
【学位授予单位】：武汉工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ133.1;TB383.1

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