轻质多孔地聚物基相变调湿材料性能试验研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 09:43

本文选题：多孔相变材料 + 地聚物发泡材料　；参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济和社会的快速发展,我国能源供需严重失衡,而目前解决能源问题最有效的方法就是节能减排。建筑能耗作为能源消耗的重要部分,降低建筑能耗,发展节能建筑已经成为必然趋势。根据传热学原理,建筑墙体材料的热工性能对降低建筑能耗,提高能源利用率有很大的影响。为了改善传统墙体材料的热工性能,提高轻质墙体材料的热惰性,开发出一种保温隔热性能好,热惰性高且兼具调温调湿性能的新型墙体材料,本文开展了以下研究。首先,将膨胀珍珠岩和三元醇酸低共熔物分别作为多孔载体材料和相变材料,用真空吸附法制备多孔相变材料。用步冷曲线法和干燥器法对多孔相变材料的热湿性能进行测试,选择最佳试样。用扫描电镜(SEM)、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对优选试样的微观形貌、成分结构、相变温度及潜热、热循环稳定性进行测试。结果表明,多孔相变材料具有良好的化学稳定性,合适的相变温度、潜热,较好的热循环稳定性和吸放湿性能。其次,以多孔相变材料为调温元,以地聚物发泡材料为无机基体,通过正交设计,研究了发泡剂、多孔相变材料、养护温度、养护时间等因素对轻质多孔地聚物基相变调湿材料物理性能和热湿性能的影响,同时采用功效系数法对其性能进行优选。用DSC、FT-IR、SEM、压汞仪(MIP)、热重仪(TG)、导热仪对优选试样的相变温度及潜热、成分结构、微观形貌、孔结构、热稳定性和保温性能进行测试。结果表明,多孔相变材料的掺入能有效改善地聚物发泡材料调温调湿性能,热稳定性以及保温性能。最后,以轻质多孔地聚物基相变调湿材料和地聚物发泡材料作墙体材料,制作小尺寸房间模型。用仪器实时记录模型房室内空气的温湿度和墙体内表面温湿度,比较研究多孔相变材料掺入对地聚物发泡材料的热惰性的影响及轻质多孔地聚物基相变调湿材料调温调湿的应用效果。结果表明,多孔相变材料的掺入,能够提高地聚物发泡材料的热惰性;同时轻质多孔地聚物基相变调湿材料对于调节室内空气温湿度有很好的应用效果,特别是密闭工况下。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy and society, the energy supply and demand of our country is out of balance, and the most effective way to solve the energy problem is energy saving and emission reduction. Building energy consumption as an important part of energy consumption, reducing building energy consumption, the development of energy-saving buildings has become an inevitable trend. According to the principle of heat transfer, the thermal performance of building wall material has a great influence on reducing building energy consumption and improving energy efficiency. In order to improve the thermal properties of traditional wall materials and improve the thermal inertia of light wall materials, a new type of wall materials with good thermal insulation, high thermal inertia and both temperature-regulating and humidifying properties has been developed in this paper. Firstly expanded perlite and ternary eutectic alkyd were used as porous carrier and phase change material respectively and porous phase change materials were prepared by vacuum adsorption method. The thermal and moisture properties of porous phase change materials were measured by step cooling curve method and desiccator method, and the best samples were selected. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSCS) were used to test the microstructure, composition, phase transition temperature, latent heat and thermal cycling stability of the selected samples. The results show that porous phase change materials have good chemical stability, suitable phase transition temperature, latent heat, good thermal cycling stability and moisture absorption and desorption properties. Secondly, using porous phase change material as temperature regulating element and polymer foaming material as inorganic matrix, the foaming agent, porous phase change material and curing temperature were studied by orthogonal design. The effect of curing time on the physical and thermal properties of light porous polymer based phase change humidifying materials was studied. The efficiency coefficient method was used to optimize the properties of the materials. The phase transition temperature, latent heat, microstructure, micromorphology, pore structure, thermal stability and thermal insulation properties of the selected samples were measured by DSCFT-IR SEM, MIPU, TGG, TGX and TGX, respectively, and the micromorphology, pore structure, thermal stability and thermal insulation properties of the selected samples were tested by DSCFT-IRSEM, thermogravimetry and thermogravimetry. The results show that the addition of porous phase change materials can effectively improve the temperature-and humidification, thermal stability and thermal insulation of polymer foaming materials. Finally, the light porous polymer based phase change humidifying material and polymer foaming material were used as wall materials to make a small room model. The indoor air temperature and humidity of the model room and the temperature and humidity of the inner surface of the wall were recorded in real time with the instrument. The effect of porous phase change material on thermal inertia of polymer foaming material and the application effect of light porous polymer based phase change humidification material were studied. The results show that the incorporation of porous phase change materials can improve the thermal inertia of polymer foaming materials, and the light porous polymer based phase change and humidification materials have good application effect in regulating indoor air temperature and humidity, especially in closed conditions.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB34

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