碳纤维改性及其复合材料性能研究

发布时间：2018-06-03 23:27

本文选题：碳纤维复丝 + 表面改性　；参考：《天津工业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着高性能复合材料的迅速发展,碳纤维树脂基复合材料由于诸多优异性能而在众多领域被广泛应用。但是碳纤维表面呈惰性,直接与树脂复合易导致界面粘结性较差,限制其应用领域。因此本文通过对碳纤维表面进行改性,以改善其复合材料的界面粘结性能。本文通过研究不同温度、不同时间聚吡咯涂层改性;不同气氛、不同时间下等离子体处理改性以及不同条件下两者结合处理的复合改性方式对碳纤维复丝进行改性处理,并对各改性前后复合材料的界面粘结强度进行测试、比较和分析表征。在研究中分别采用了扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析、原子力显微镜(AFM)分析、动态热机械分析(DMA)、红外光谱(FTIR)分析、热膨胀系数测试(CTE)、光电子能谱(XPS)分析、复合材料界面和力学等表征手段对碳纤维和复合材料的结构与性能进行了测试和分析。研究发现,经过聚吡咯涂层改性后,纤维表面粗糙度增加,在一定程度上有助于复合材料界面间机械嵌合,因此复合材料的界面剪切强度(IFSS)和层间剪切强度(ILSS)有所增加,通过单纤维破碎测试表明改性后复合材料的IFSS增加较大,但是复合材料的Tg有所降低,由于各材料间热膨胀系数不同而导致热冲击性能降低；经过等离子体处理改性后,纤维表面粗糙度和活性含氧基团有所增加,在一定程度上增加了纤维与基体之问的界面粘合力,因此复合材料的IFSS和ILSS等力学性能有所增加；经过复合改性后,纤维表面活性含氧基团有所增加,粗糙度较未改性纤维有所增加,但是和单一聚吡咯改性处理的纤维相比粗糙度有所降低,但复合材料的IFSS和ILSS有所增加,在一定程度上表明复合处理比单一改性处理界面粘结性能好,且复合改性后和单一聚吡咯改性相比复合材料的Tg降低程度减小,热冲击性能虽有所下降,但是和单一聚吡咯涂层改性相比,热冲击性能下降在一定程度上得到控制。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of high performance composites, carbon fiber resin matrix composites are widely used in many fields because of their excellent properties. However, the surface of carbon fiber is inert, which can lead to poor interfacial adhesion and limit its application field. Therefore, the surface of carbon fiber is modified to improve the interfacial bonding properties of the composites. In this paper, the modification methods of polypyrrole coating at different temperature and time, plasma treatment in different atmosphere and time, and combination treatment under different conditions were studied. The interfacial bond strength of the composites before and after modification was tested, compared and characterized. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), dynamic thermo-mechanical analysis (DMAN), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermal expansion coefficient test (CTE), photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis were used in the study. The structure and properties of carbon fiber and composites were measured and analyzed by means of interface and mechanics. It was found that the surface roughness of the composites increased after modification with polypyrrole coating, which contributed to the mechanical interfacial mosaics of the composites, so the interfacial shear strength (IFSS) and interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of the composites increased. The results of single fiber crushing test showed that the IFSS of the modified composites increased greatly, but the TG of the composites decreased, and the thermal shock properties of the composites decreased due to the difference of the thermal expansion coefficient among the materials. The surface roughness and active oxygen-containing groups increased to some extent, and the interfacial adhesion between fiber and matrix was increased to some extent, so the mechanical properties such as IFSS and ILSS were increased. The surface active oxygen groups of the fibers were increased, the roughness of the fibers was increased compared with the unmodified fibers, but the roughness of the fibers was lower than that of the single polypyrrole modified fibers, but the IFSS and ILSS of the composites were increased. To a certain extent, the interfacial bonding property of composite treatment is better than that of single modification treatment, and the TG decreases and the thermal shock property decreases after composite modification compared with single polypyrrole modification. However, compared with the modification of single polypyrrole coating, the degradation of thermal shock property is controlled to some extent.
【学位授予单位】：天津工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TB332

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