泡沫铝夹芯结构阻燃及抗低速冲击性能研究

发布时间：2018-06-06 05:36

本文选题：泡沫铝 + 阻燃特性　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着科技的进步,人们对材料性能的要求越来越高,夹层结构诞生于20世纪40年代,凭借其高比强度、高比模量、抗震动性能和耐疲劳性能优异,兼具优异的吸能特性,在结构材料方面具有广泛的应用。夹芯结构通过适当的金属或树脂基复合材料面板,芯材和粘接剂复合形成。这种结构已被广泛应用于航空航天领域、航海领域、汽车领域等。随着高分子材料的不断发展,夹层结构的面板材料之一,纤维增强树脂基复合材料层合板的应用也越来越广泛,由此带来的火灾隐患和火灾危害成为人们关注的重要问题。本文以舰船复合材料为应用背景,选择玻璃纤维增强环氧改性树脂基和普通环氧树脂基复合材料层合板作为面板材料,闭孔泡沫铝作为芯材,对此夹层结构材料的阻燃和力学特性展开研究。主要内容包括:运用传热学方法,探究高分子复合材料火灾燃烧特性,针对金属泡沫结构特点,表征闭孔泡沫铝的有效热导率。运用落锤试验仪,研究夹芯结构抗低速冲击性能。利用锥形量热仪(CONE)探究两种不同面板夹芯结构的阻燃特性。探究夹芯结构单面过火后的剩余结构的抗低速冲击性能,并与未受热损伤的结构的性能相比较,探究结构在火灾中的安全性。研究结果表明,改性面板夹芯结构的能有效延长结构的点燃时间,降低燃烧过程的热释放和烟气释放量.两种夹芯结构过火前后都具有很好的吸能特性,对比pvc泡沫夹芯结构,泡沫铝夹芯结构阻燃性能和对火力学性能都有显著的提升。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, the requirement of material properties is higher and higher. Sandwich structure was born in the 1940s. Because of its high specific strength, high specific modulus, excellent vibration resistance and fatigue resistance, it also has excellent energy absorption properties. It is widely used in structural materials. The sandwich structure is formed by a suitable metal or resin matrix composite panel, core and adhesive. This structure has been widely used in aerospace field, navigation field, automobile field and so on. With the continuous development of polymer materials, fiber reinforced resin matrix laminated laminates are more and more widely used as one of the panel materials with sandwich structure. In this paper, glass fiber reinforced epoxy resin matrix and common epoxy resin matrix laminates are selected as panel materials, and closed porous aluminum foam is used as core material. The flame retardancy and mechanical properties of the sandwich materials were studied. The main contents are as follows: using heat transfer method to study the fire combustion characteristics of polymer composites and to characterize the effective thermal conductivity of closed cell aluminum foam according to the structural characteristics of metal foam. The low-speed impact resistance of sandwich structure was studied by using drop-weight tester. The flame-retardant properties of two different panel sandwich structures were investigated by cone calorimeter. In order to explore the safety of sandwich structure in fire, the low velocity impact resistance of the remaining structure after one side overfire was investigated and compared with that of the structure without thermal damage. The results show that the modified panel sandwich structure can effectively prolong the ignition time of the structure and reduce the heat release and flue gas emission during the combustion process. Compared with the pvc foam sandwich structure, the flame retardancy and the fire mechanical properties of the aluminum foam sandwich structure were significantly improved.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.4;TB33

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