金属纳米颗粒的设计合成及在汞离子检测中的性能研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 19:43

本文选题：金属纳米颗粒 + 荧光纳米簇　；参考：《哈尔滨师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：金属纳米颗粒由于具有独特的电子结构和良好的物理化学性质,被广泛应用到生物检测、生化传感、光学成像等领域。其中利用金属纳米颗粒表面的等离子体共振性质,将其作为比色探针和荧光探针检测水环境和细胞内的重金属离子已成为研究领域的热点。但目前利用金属纳米颗粒检测重金属离子的研究仍需要进一步发展。合成具有响应时间短、灵敏度高、生物相容性好、毒性较低等性质的金属纳米颗粒检测探针是我们今后的研究方向。我们合成了具有荧光性质的金、银、铜纳米簇作为检测探针检测重金属离子,并进行了细胞成像研究,将表面功能化的金纳米颗粒作为检测探针检测重金属离子。具体的研究内容如下:(1)硫辛酸功能化金纳米颗粒(TA-GNPs)作为比色器件应用于检测水溶液中的Hg2+。如果水溶液中存在Hg2+,TA-GNPs会发生聚集导致溶液的颜色发生变化,达到对水溶液中Hg2+的检测目的。在本实验中,对TA-GNPs的灵敏度和选择性进行测试研究,得出TA-GNPs具有较高的灵敏度和较好的选择性,TA-GNPs检测Hg2+的最低检测限为10 nM。(2)叶酸功能化的银纳米颗粒(FA-AgNPs)作为比色和荧光双功能探针检测Hg2+,当溶液中存在Hg2+时,FA-AgNPs会发生聚集使溶液的颜色发生变化,并且在275 nm波长的激发下,FA-AgNPs在440 nm处会有荧光发射。通过吸光度、荧光强度分别与Hg2+浓度的线性关系得出最低检测限为1 nM。通过应用性实验的检测结果得出FA-AgNPs作为检测探针有着较好的环境适应性,能够准确地检测出Hg2+是否存在。(3)合成叶酸功能化的荧光金纳米簇(FA-Au-NCs),并将FA-Au-NCs作为荧光探针检测水环境中与细胞内的Hg2+,同时还进行了细胞成像的研究。所合成的FA-Au-NCs在275 nm处激发在440 nm处有强的蓝光发射,其荧光寿命为6.11 ns,量子效率为21%。在检测过程中,水溶液中或细胞内如果存在Hg2+,荧光探针会出现淬灭现象,结合与荧光光谱的测试,使FA-Au-NCs对水溶液中Hg2+的最低检测限达到1 nM。通过对环境水体样品和Hela细胞内的Hg2+进行检测,证明FA-Au-NCs荧光探针有着很好的实际应用性。(4)叶酸功能化的荧光铜纳米簇(FA-Cu-NCs)可以作为荧光检测探针检测水溶液与细胞内Hg2+,并进行了细胞成像的研究。合成的FA-Cu-NCs在275 nm处激发在440 nm处有较强的蓝光发射。在检测的过程中,FA-Cu-NCs对Hg2+能够快速准确的进行检测。通过对FA-Cu-NCs的实际应用性研究证明其具有很好的环境适应性。
[Abstract]:Metal nanoparticles have been widely used in biological detection, biochemical sensing, optical imaging and other fields because of their unique electronic structure and good physical and chemical properties. Among them, the use of metal nanoparticles surface plasmon resonance, as a colorimetric probe and fluorescence probe detection of heavy metal ions in water environment and cells has become a hot research field. However, the study of metal nanoparticles for the detection of heavy metal ions still needs further development. The preparation of metal nanoparticles detection probes with short response time, high sensitivity, good biocompatibility and low toxicity is our research direction in the future. We synthesized gold, silver and copper nanoclusters with fluorescence properties as detection probes for heavy metal ions, and carried out cell imaging studies. Surface functionalized gold nanoparticles were used as detection probes to detect heavy metal ions. The specific research contents are as follows: (1) the functional gold nanoparticles (TA-GNPs) of lipoic acid are used as colorimetric devices for the detection of Hg _ 2 in aqueous solution. If there is Hg2 + TA-GNPs in aqueous solution, the color of the solution will change due to the aggregation, and the detection of Hg2 in aqueous solution will be achieved. In this experiment, the sensitivity and selectivity of TA-GNPs were studied. The results showed that TA-GNPs have higher sensitivity and better selectivity. The minimum detection limit of TA-GNPs for detection of Hg2 is 10 nM.f2). FA-AgNPsof silver nanoparticles functionalized by folic acid can be used as colorimetric and fluorescent probes for detection of Hg2. When Hg2 exists in the solution, the concentration of FA-AgNPs changes the color of the solution, and the fluorescence emission of FA-AgNPs is observed at 440 nm under the excitation of 275 nm. The linear relationship between fluorescence intensity and Hg2 concentration was obtained by absorbance, and the minimum detection limit was 1 nm. The results of the applied experiments show that FA-AgNPs as a detection probe has good environmental adaptability. It is possible to accurately detect the existence of Hg2) in the synthesis of folic acid functionalized gold nanoclusters FA-Au-NCsN, and use FA-Au-NCs as a fluorescence probe to detect Hg2 in water environment and in cells. At the same time, cell imaging has been carried out. The synthesized FA-Au-NCs exhibit strong blue emission at 275 nm at 440 nm with a fluorescence lifetime of 6.11 ns and a quantum efficiency of 21 nm. In the process of detection, the fluorescence probe will quench if there is Hg _ 2 in aqueous solution or in cells. The minimum detection limit for Hg _ 2 in aqueous solution can reach 1 nm by FA-Au-NCs combined with fluorescence spectrum test. The detection of Hg2 in environmental water samples and Hela cells shows that FA-Au-NCs fluorescent probe has a good practical application. (4) folic acid functionalized fluorescent copper nanoclusters FA-Cu-NsCs) can be used as fluorescent detection probes for detection of Hg2 in aqueous solution and in cells, and the results show that FA-Au-NCs fluorescent probe can be used as a fluorescent probe to detect Hg2 in aqueous solution and in cells. Cell imaging was also studied. The synthesized FA-Cu-NCs have strong blue emission at 440nm excited at 275 nm. In the process of detection, FA-Cu-NCs can detect Hg 2 quickly and accurately. Through the practical application of FA-Cu-NCs, it is proved that FA-Cu-NCs has good environmental adaptability.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：O657.3;TB383.1

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