回收纸塑铝复合包装材料制备新型木塑复合材料的研究

发布时间：2018-07-03 01:44

  本文选题：纸塑铝复合包装 + 木塑复合材料　； 参考：《福建师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,各国政府和利乐公司等都在大力推进纸塑铝复合包装物(r-PPA)的集中回收,取得了一定的成效,我国也已有多家分离纸塑铝复合包装的企业,但由于我国尚未建立起完善的垃圾分类回收体系,纸塑铝复合包装的回收率依然很低,且纸塑铝的分离回收能耗高、二次污染严重、污染治理成本高,很难取得较好的经济效益。本研究将回收的纸塑铝复合包装材料不经任何分离过程,通过共混改性技术直接作为原料,制备一种新型的木塑复合材料,具有环保节能的优点。首先,通过对比回收纸塑铝复合包装材料(r-PPA)填充HDPE和r-PE两种基体的性能,选择较好性能的基体并确定r-PPA的添加量。结果表明：随着r-PPA含量的增加,HDPE/r-PPA和r-PE/r-PPA复合材料的熔体黏度逐渐增大,但仍在可加工挤出范围内；当r-PPA质量分数为40%时,拉伸强度最大值分别是25.01、18.95 MPa；r-PPA的添加使体系的弯曲性能得到明显提高,但r-PPA的加入使得体系的缺口冲击性能下降；此外,复合材料体系的24 h吸水率也随着r-PPA含量的增大也增大。其次,固定r-PPA在HDPE中的填充量,考察相容剂的种类及其含量对复合材料的增容效果。结果显示：PE-g-MAH、POE-g-MAH和POE-g-GMA三种相容剂都对HDPE/r-PPA复合材料体系有较好的增容效果；当POE-g-GMA添加量为6份时,复合材料的拉伸强度达到最大值33.01 MPa；相容剂的添加能有效减少r-PPA的团聚,并且能有效降低复合材料的24 h吸水率,当PE-g-MAH添加量为10份时,其吸水率降低了54.2%。第三,通过模拟r-PPA的组成成分,探讨了铝箔的存在对复合材料综合性能的影响。结果表明：铝箔的存在对复合材料的拉伸强度、缺口冲击强度基本没有影响,而铝粉的均匀分散能起到一定程度的增强作用；经水浸泡后的试样力学性能都发生下降,铝粉暴露在复合材料表面会促进水分的渗透；经水分浸泡后的材料内部出现微裂纹,纤维与基体界面受到破坏,导致材料力学性能下降。最后,探讨了CaO含量和偶联剂处理CaO对复合材料的力学性能影响。结果显示：随着CaO的含量的增加,复合材料的拉伸性能逐渐下降,弯曲强度逐渐提高,对其缺口冲击强度影响不大。而经水浸泡后的复合材料拉伸强度下降,缺口冲击强度反而提高,且当CaO含量≥15%时,复合材料的弯曲强度也有所增大；KH560偶联改性的复合材料吸水率最低,其等温吸水过程满足Fickian定律。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the governments of various countries and Tetra Company have been vigorously promoting the centralized recovery of paper plastic and aluminum composite packaging (r-PPA), which has achieved certain results. There are also many separate paper plastic and aluminum composite packaging enterprises in China. However, the recovery rate of paper plastic aluminum composite packaging is still very low, and the separation and recovery energy consumption of paper plastic aluminum is high, the secondary pollution is serious, and the pollution treatment cost is high. It is difficult to achieve better economic benefits. In this study, a new type of wood-plastic composite material was prepared by blending modification technology without any separation process. It has the advantages of environmental protection and energy saving. Firstly, by comparing the properties of recycled paper plastic-aluminum composite packaging materials (r-PPA) filled with HDPE and r-PE, the better performance matrix was selected and the addition amount of r-PPA was determined. The results show that with the increase of r-PPA content, the melt viscosity of HDPE / r-PPA and r-PER / r-PPA composites increases gradually, but is still within the range of machinable extrusion, and the maximum tensile strength of HDPE / r-PPA composites is 25.01 ~ 18.95 MPa when the mass fraction of r-PPA is 40. The flexural properties of the composites increased obviously with the addition of r-PPA, but the notched impact properties of the composites decreased with the addition of r-PPA. In addition, the 24 h water absorption of the composites also increased with the increase of r-PPA content. Secondly, the filler amount of r-PPA in HDPE was fixed to investigate the compatibilizing effect of the compatibilizer and its content on the composites. The results showed that the compatibilizer: PE-g-MAH- POE-g-MAH and POE-g-GMA had good compatibilization effect on HDPE / r-PPA composite system, when the content of POE-g-GMA was 6 phr, the tensile strength of the composite reached the maximum value of 33.01 MPa, and the addition of compatibilizer could effectively reduce the agglomeration of r-PPA. The water absorbency of the composites can be effectively reduced by 24 h. When the content of PE-g-MAH is 10 phr, the water absorption rate of the composites decreases by 54.2%. Thirdly, by simulating the composition of r-PPA, the influence of aluminum foil on the comprehensive properties of the composite was discussed. The results show that the tensile strength and notched impact strength of the composites are not affected by the presence of aluminum foil, but the homogeneous dispersion of aluminum powder can enhance the mechanical properties of the composites to some extent, and the mechanical properties of the samples after soaking in water are all decreased. After the aluminum powder is exposed to the surface of the composite, the moisture permeation will be promoted, and there will be microcracks in the material after water immersion, and the interface between the fiber and the matrix will be destroyed, which will lead to the decline of the mechanical properties of the material. Finally, the effects of Cao content and coupling agent treatment on the mechanical properties of the composites were discussed. The results show that with the increase of Cao content, the tensile properties of the composites decrease and the flexural strength increases gradually, which has little effect on the notched impact strength of the composites. However, the tensile strength of the composites after water immersion decreased, but the notched impact strength increased, and when Cao content 鈮，

本文编号：2091818