碳纤维复合材料基座的隔振性能研究

发布时间：2018-07-06 16:54

本文选题：碳纤维复合材料 + 基座　；参考：《武汉理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：常用的隔振基座结构大多使用碳素钢等材料生产制成,此类材料质量大,极大的增加了隔振基座的整体重量,其材料比刚度低、结构阻尼小,不利于抑制隔振基座共振频率处的振动传递,这些都极大的限制了隔振基座的使用范围。而随着国家的发展,社会对隔振基座隔振性能要求越来越高,尤其是军用隔振结构,其工作环境更复杂且隐身性能要求高。碳纤维复合材料因其比强度大、比刚度大、固有频率高、阻尼大等优越的静动态特性,目前广泛运用于各类结构件的制造中。由碳纤维复合材料制成的碳纤维基座不仅可以大幅减轻其质量,而且具有高强度、抗冲击、易维修、减振性好、以及低噪音等诸多优点。本文运用碳纤维复合材料制作了碳纤维基座结构,同时对其隔振性能进行了研究。本文选用功率流为隔振效果评价方法,结合有限元分析方法,探讨了材料刚度及阻尼对基座隔振效果的影响。其次,本文选取不同铺层方式,运用有限元分析软件探讨了铺层参数对碳纤维复合材料基座隔振性能的影响。接下来,在综合考虑层合板设计准则及制作成本的基础上,本文制作了0°/90°对称铺层碳纤维基座,搭建了基于不同材料基座(碳纤维复合材料、碳素钢材料)的隔振试验平台,运用三维建模软件对其进行了建模,利用有限元分析方法结合相关测试试验对基于不同材料基座的隔振试验平台的固有振动特性进行了研究,探究了碳纤维基座对隔振试验平台固有振动特性的影响。本文的最后分别利用激振电机和电磁激振器对不同材料基座进行了激振试验,通过与传统钢质基座的隔振性能进行对比分析,探究了碳纤维复合材料对基座结构隔振性能的影响。分析结果表明:在研究频段范围内,碳纤维复合材料基座的隔振性能在大多数频段优于钢质基座,同时,其共振频率处的振动传递性能优于同尺寸的钢质基座。将碳纤维复合材料应用于隔振基座中能显著提升其隔振性能。
[Abstract]:The commonly used vibration isolation pedestal structure is mostly made of carbon steel and other materials. This kind of material is of high quality and greatly increases the overall weight of the vibration isolation pedestal, and its material is low in stiffness and structure damping. It is unfavorable to restrain the vibration transfer at the resonance frequency of the vibration isolation base, which greatly limits the use range of the vibration isolation base. With the development of the country, the society demands more and more isolation performance of the base, especially the military isolation structure, its working environment is more complex and the stealth performance is higher. Carbon fiber composites (CFRP) are widely used in the manufacture of all kinds of structural parts because of their excellent static and dynamic characteristics such as high specific strength, high specific stiffness, high natural frequency and large damping. The carbon fiber base made of carbon fiber composites not only can greatly reduce its quality, but also has many advantages, such as high strength, impact resistance, easy maintenance, good vibration absorption and low noise. In this paper, carbon fiber base structure is fabricated with carbon fiber composite material and its vibration isolation performance is studied. In this paper, the influence of material stiffness and damping on the isolation effect of base is discussed by using power flow as the evaluation method of vibration isolation effect and the finite element analysis method. Secondly, in this paper, the influence of layer parameters on vibration isolation performance of carbon fiber composite (CFRP) base is discussed by using finite element analysis software. Then, on the basis of considering the design criteria and production cost of laminated plates, this paper makes a 0 掳/ 90 掳symmetrical laminated carbon fiber pedestal, and builds a vibration isolation test platform based on different material bases (carbon fiber composite material, carbon steel material). The 3D modeling software is used to model it. The inherent vibration characteristics of the vibration isolation test platform based on different material base are studied by using finite element analysis method and related test. The influence of carbon fiber pedestal on the natural vibration characteristics of vibration isolation test platform is investigated. In the end of this paper, the exciting test of different material base is carried out by using the exciting motor and the electromagnetic exciter, and the vibration isolation performance of the traditional steel base is compared with that of the traditional steel base. The effect of carbon fiber composite on vibration isolation of base structure was investigated. The results show that the vibration isolation performance of carbon fiber composite base is superior to that of steel base in most frequency bands, and the vibration transfer performance at resonance frequency is better than that of steel base of the same size. The application of carbon fiber composite in vibration isolation base can improve its vibration isolation performance.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB33;TB535

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