选择性激光烧结聚苯乙烯及其复合材料性能的研究
发布时间：2018-07-15 12:09
【摘要】：选择性激光烧结(Selective Laser Sintering,SLS)是一种通过计算机软件将零件进行分层处理,再利用激光将每一层截面烧结成形,最终层层叠加得到三维实体零件的非常重要的快速成形技术。而聚苯乙烯(PS)作为被广泛应用于SLS领域的聚合物材料也具有很大的研究价值。本文以尼龙12(PA12)和多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)作为有机填料加入到PS基体材料中,制备得到PS/PA12,PS/MWCNTs两种复合粉末。然后以这两种PS复合粉末为研究对象,研究了烧结工艺参数对PS/PA12复合材料烧结成形的影响;并将PS/PA12复合材料与纯PS烧结成形件的性能及精度进行了对比;分析了PS/PA12复合材料在烧结过程中次烧结区形成的原因。同时,制备了PS/MWCNTs复合材料烧结成形件;分析了MWCNTs的加入对于复合材料激光烧结的影响。目前在SLS领域,对于碳纳米管增强聚合物材料的研究较少,本文的研究工作填补了这项领域的一处空白,具有一定的现实意义。本文通过机械共混法制备了两组成分不同的PS/PA12复合粉末,并进行选择性激光烧结得到成形件,研究了PS/PA12复合粉末的成分对于成形件力学性能、尺寸精度以及断口形貌的影响。结果表明:由于PA12与PS极性相差较大,在烧结过程中易导致次烧结区的产生。而且,PA12作为晶态聚合物,烧结过程中会结晶,对成形件的尺寸精度造成很大影响,使得PS/PA12复合粉末成形件的尺寸精度比纯PS成形件要低。但PS/PA12复合粉末相比纯PS粉末烧结成形件,其力学性能得到了增强。本文通过机械共混法制备了聚苯乙烯(PS)/多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)复合材料并用于选择性激光烧结(SLS)成形。并在接下来的傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、拉曼光谱(Raman spectroscopy)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)和力学性能测试对复合材料的结构与力学性能进行了分析。研究了PS/MWCNTs复合材料及PS烧结成形件的力学性能、尺寸精度及断口微观形貌。结果表明:PS/MWCNTs复合材料成形件的拉伸强度及断裂延伸率分别较PS烧结成形件提高了32.6%和7.7%。且PS/MWCNTs复合材料成形件的各方向尺寸精度对比纯PS烧结成形件也均有提高。这说明,采用碳纳米管增强聚合物材料在SLS应用领域具有极大的发展前景。
[Abstract]:Selective Laser SinteringSintering (SLS) is a very important rapid prototyping technique, which layers parts are processed by computer software, then sintered to form each layer by laser, and finally superimposed layer by layer to get 3D solid parts. Polystyrene (PS) as a polymer material widely used in SLS also has great research value. In this paper, polyamide 12 (PA12) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were used as organic fillers to prepare PS / PA12 / MWCNTs composite powders. Then the effects of sintering process parameters on the sintering forming of PS- / PA12 composites were studied, and the properties and accuracy of PS- / PA12 composites and pure PS sintered parts were compared. The formation of secondary sintering zone of PS- PA12 composites during sintering was analyzed. At the same time, PS / MWCNTs composite sintered forming parts were prepared, and the influence of MWCNTs on laser sintering of composites was analyzed. At present, there are few researches on carbon nanotube reinforced polymer materials in the field of SLS. The research work in this paper has filled a gap in this field and has certain practical significance. In this paper, two groups of PS- / PA12 composite powders with different compositions were prepared by mechanical blending method. The effects of the composition of PS- / PA12 composite powders on the mechanical properties, dimensional accuracy and fracture morphology of the formed parts were studied by selective laser sintering. The results show that the polarity of PA12 is different from that of PS, and the secondary sintering zone is easy to be produced in the sintering process. As a crystalline polymer, PA12 crystallizes in the sintering process, which has a great influence on the dimensional accuracy of the formed parts, which makes the dimensional accuracy of the PS- / PA12 composite powder forming parts lower than that of the pure PS forming parts. However, the mechanical properties of PS / PA12 composite powder were enhanced compared with pure PS powder. Polystyrene (PS) / multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites were prepared by mechanical blending method and used in selective laser sintering (SLS) forming. The structure and mechanical properties of the composites were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy (spectroscopy) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical properties, dimensional accuracy and fracture morphology of PS / MWCNTs composites and PS sintered forming parts were studied. The results show that the tensile strength and elongation at break of the WPS / MWCNTs composite are increased by 32.6% and 7.7% respectively compared with the PS sintered parts. The dimension accuracy of PS/ MWCNTs composites is also improved compared with that of pure PS sintered parts. This shows that carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-reinforced polymer materials have great development prospects in SLS applications.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ325.2;TB332
本文编号：2124022
[Abstract]:Selective Laser SinteringSintering (SLS) is a very important rapid prototyping technique, which layers parts are processed by computer software, then sintered to form each layer by laser, and finally superimposed layer by layer to get 3D solid parts. Polystyrene (PS) as a polymer material widely used in SLS also has great research value. In this paper, polyamide 12 (PA12) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were used as organic fillers to prepare PS / PA12 / MWCNTs composite powders. Then the effects of sintering process parameters on the sintering forming of PS- / PA12 composites were studied, and the properties and accuracy of PS- / PA12 composites and pure PS sintered parts were compared. The formation of secondary sintering zone of PS- PA12 composites during sintering was analyzed. At the same time, PS / MWCNTs composite sintered forming parts were prepared, and the influence of MWCNTs on laser sintering of composites was analyzed. At present, there are few researches on carbon nanotube reinforced polymer materials in the field of SLS. The research work in this paper has filled a gap in this field and has certain practical significance. In this paper, two groups of PS- / PA12 composite powders with different compositions were prepared by mechanical blending method. The effects of the composition of PS- / PA12 composite powders on the mechanical properties, dimensional accuracy and fracture morphology of the formed parts were studied by selective laser sintering. The results show that the polarity of PA12 is different from that of PS, and the secondary sintering zone is easy to be produced in the sintering process. As a crystalline polymer, PA12 crystallizes in the sintering process, which has a great influence on the dimensional accuracy of the formed parts, which makes the dimensional accuracy of the PS- / PA12 composite powder forming parts lower than that of the pure PS forming parts. However, the mechanical properties of PS / PA12 composite powder were enhanced compared with pure PS powder. Polystyrene (PS) / multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) composites were prepared by mechanical blending method and used in selective laser sintering (SLS) forming. The structure and mechanical properties of the composites were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy (spectroscopy) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical properties, dimensional accuracy and fracture morphology of PS / MWCNTs composites and PS sintered forming parts were studied. The results show that the tensile strength and elongation at break of the WPS / MWCNTs composite are increased by 32.6% and 7.7% respectively compared with the PS sintered parts. The dimension accuracy of PS/ MWCNTs composites is also improved compared with that of pure PS sintered parts. This shows that carbon nanotubes (CNTs)-reinforced polymer materials have great development prospects in SLS applications.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ325.2;TB332
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