多金属化合物纳米结构的制备及其光催化性能研究

发布时间：2018-07-28 17:27

【摘要】：本论文首次采用多金属离子吸附和碳球模板法制备了多金属化合物：包括多金属氮氧化物和异质结的纳米空心结构,并且对其结构和性质进行了系统的研究。开发了一系列提升这些纳米结构光催化性能的方法,并且对其光催化性能提升的机理进行了深入研究。本论文的主要研究内容如下：1.采用多金属离子吸附和碳球模板法制备了全组分多金属氮氧化物固溶体(Ga1-xZnx)(N1-xOx)的纳米空心结构,研究了组分对(Ga1-xZnx)(N1-xOx)纳米空心结构的光学性质的影响。将这些纳米结构应用于可见光光全分解水,获得了至今为止(Ga1-xZnx)(N1-xOx)最高的可见光全分解水效率。2.采用多金属离子吸附和碳球模板法制备了化学计量比多金属氮氧化物LaTiO2N的纳米空心结构,完善了制备多金属氮氧化物纳米结构的方法。通过表面H处理的方法钝化LaTiO2N的纳米空心结构的表面缺陷,显著提高了材料的可见光产氢活性。3.采用多金属离子吸附和碳球模板法制备了Fe掺杂的LaTiO2N的纳米空心结构,通过掺杂产生的带间能级调整纳米结构与助催化剂的能带匹配,改善材料的光催化活性,并且深入研究和解释了其优化原理。4.在多金属离子吸附和碳球模板法基础上结合多温度退火法,制备了10纳米量级的Ti02基纳米异质结,研究发现这种纳米异质结具有优越的光催化性能。并尝试了其他材料体系,验证了这种制备方法的普适性。5.制备了晶体Cu20/非晶Ta205纳米异质结,深入研究了其光生载流子传输的机理,提出了将晶体/非晶接触引入纳米异质结的方法,消除纳米异质结的界面复合,并实现了具有超高量子效率的可见光全分解水。
[Abstract]:In this thesis, polymetallic compounds, including polymetallic nitrogen oxides and heterojunction nanocrystalline hollow structures, were prepared by polymetallic ion adsorption and carbon sphere template for the first time, and their structures and properties were systematically studied. A series of methods were developed to improve the photocatalytic properties of these nanostructures, and the mechanism of enhancing their photocatalytic properties was studied. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: 1. The hollow nanostructures of polymetallic nitrogen oxide solid solution (Ga1-xZnx) (N1-xOx) were prepared by polymetallic ion adsorption and carbon sphere template method. The effects of composition on the optical properties of (Ga1-xZnx) (N1-xOx) hollow nanostructures were investigated. By applying these nanostructures to the total decomposition of water by visible light, the highest water efficiency of total decomposition of visible light (Ga1-xZnx) (N1-xOx) has been obtained. The hollow nanostructures of stoichiometric polymetallic nitrogen oxides (LaTiO2N) were prepared by polymetallic ion adsorption and carbon sphere template. The surface defects of the hollow nanostructures of LaTiO2N were passivated by the method of surface H treatment, which significantly improved the hydrogen production activity of the materials under visible light. The hollow structure of Fe doped LaTiO2N was prepared by polymetallic ion adsorption and carbon sphere template. The photocatalytic activity of Fe doped LaTiO2N was improved by adjusting the energy band matching between the nanostructure and the cocatalyst. And the optimization principle. 4. On the basis of polymetallic ion adsorption and carbon sphere template method, 10 nanometer-scale Ti02 nanocrystalline heterostructures were prepared by multi-temperature annealing. It was found that the nanocrystalline heterostructures had excellent photocatalytic properties. Other material systems have been tried to verify the universality of the method. 5. The Cu20/ amorphous Ta205 nanocrystalline heterostructure was prepared. The photoinduced carrier transport mechanism was studied. The method of introducing the crystal / amorphous contact into the nanocrystalline heterojunction was proposed to eliminate the interface recombination of the nanocrystalline heterostructure. The total decomposition of water by visible light with ultra-high quantum efficiency is realized.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1

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