陶瓷基复合材料异型孔槽加工技术研究
发布时间：2018-08-11 19:59
【摘要】：陶瓷基复合材料(ceramic matrix composite, CMC)拥有出色的耐高温性,并且借助增强体的增韧改性作用,具有较高结构强度和韧性,是作为热防护和高温结构材料的理想选择。石英陶瓷基和C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料具有较强的代表性,并且这两种材料的制造应用相对较多。然而在航空航天发动机、导弹雷达天线罩等构件制造应用中,陶瓷基复合材料高硬、耐磨等特征给切削加工带来困难,且易产生加工缺陷。同时,由于其特殊应用场景,结构件往往具有非常规加工特征,如航空发动机内部存在非回转内凹槽,易导致加工干涉；天线罩装配需加工指定深度平底盲孔。这些问题都阻碍了陶瓷基复合材料在制造业中的规模化产业化应用。本论文针对航空航天相关技术需求,开展了石英陶瓷基复合材料盲孔的螺旋铣磨加工C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料深腔内凹槽的加工技术研究,主要研究内容和成果如下：(1)在分析了石英陶瓷基复合材料特性和盲孔钻削难以保证加工质量和刀具寿命原因的基础上,提出并试验研究了电镀金刚石刀具螺旋铣磨盲孔加工方法,分析了螺旋铣孔材料去除机理。试验结果表明：该工艺方法能够有效改善加工切屑排出条件,降低切削热,提高加工质量。(2)通过石英陶瓷基复合材料螺旋铣盲孔加工工艺参数试验,分析加工参数对切削温度,切削力和制孔质量的影响规律,给出了影响螺旋铣磨切削力和制孔质量的主要因素,确定了合理可行的石英陶瓷基复合材料螺旋铣磨盲孔加工工艺规范。(3)试验研究了C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料的可加工性,比较了不同工艺参数下切削力、加工质量等变化规律。在此基础上,根据加工要求,确定合理参数范围,为深腔内凹槽加工装置的研制提供了可靠的设计依据。(4)根据某C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料零件加工需求,研制了C/SiC陶瓷基复合材料深腔内凹槽专用加工装置,同时根据深腔内凹槽特征结构设计专用刀具和工艺流程,设计给出了合理可行的深腔内凹槽加工走刀轨迹方案,并比较分析不同走刀方案对加工效率和切削加工稳定性影响,为后续产品的加工提供了成套技术解决方案。
[Abstract]:Ceramic matrix composites (ceramic matrix composite, CMC) have excellent high temperature resistance and high structural strength and toughness by means of toughening and modification of reinforcements. It is an ideal choice for thermal protection and high temperature structural materials. Quartz ceramic matrix and C/SiC ceramic matrix composites have strong representativeness, and these two kinds of materials are widely used in manufacturing. However, in the manufacture and application of aeronautic and aerospace engine, missile radome and other components, the high hardness and wear resistance of ceramic matrix composites make machining difficult and easy to produce machining defects. At the same time, because of its special application scene, the structural parts often have unconventional machining characteristics, such as the non-rotating internal groove in the aero-engine, which can easily lead to machining interference, and the antenna cover assembly needs to process the blind hole with specified depth flat bottom. These problems hinder the industrial application of ceramic matrix composites in manufacturing industry. In order to meet the requirements of aeronautics and spaceflight related technologies, the machining technology of deep cavity grooves in C/SiC ceramic matrix composites by spiral milling and grinding with blind holes of quartz ceramic matrix composites is studied. The main research contents and results are as follows: (1) based on the analysis of the characteristics of quartz ceramic matrix composites and the reasons why blind hole drilling is difficult to ensure machining quality and tool life, The machining method of spiral milling blind hole with electroplated diamond cutting tool was put forward and studied, and the removal mechanism of screw milling hole material was analyzed. The experimental results show that the process method can effectively improve the condition of chip discharge, reduce the cutting heat, and improve the machining quality. (2) through the experiments of machining parameters of quartz ceramic matrix composites by spiral milling blind hole, the effect of machining parameters on cutting temperature is analyzed. The influence law of cutting force and hole making quality is given, and the main factors influencing the cutting force and hole making quality of spiral milling mill are given. A reasonable and feasible machining procedure for spiral milling and grinding blind hole of quartz ceramic matrix composites is established. (3) the machinability of C/SiC ceramic matrix composites is studied experimentally, and the changing laws of cutting force and machining quality under different technological parameters are compared. On this basis, according to the processing requirements, the reasonable parameter range is determined, which provides a reliable design basis for the development of the deep cavity grooves machining device. (4) according to the machining requirements of a C/SiC ceramic matrix composite part, A special machining device for deep cavity grooves of C/SiC ceramic matrix composite materials was developed. According to the characteristic structure of deep cavity grooves special tools and technological process were designed and a reasonable and feasible path scheme for machining deep cavity grooves was designed. The effects of different cutting tool schemes on machining efficiency and cutting stability are compared and analyzed, which provides a complete set of technical solutions for subsequent product processing.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB332
本文编号：2178087
[Abstract]:Ceramic matrix composites (ceramic matrix composite, CMC) have excellent high temperature resistance and high structural strength and toughness by means of toughening and modification of reinforcements. It is an ideal choice for thermal protection and high temperature structural materials. Quartz ceramic matrix and C/SiC ceramic matrix composites have strong representativeness, and these two kinds of materials are widely used in manufacturing. However, in the manufacture and application of aeronautic and aerospace engine, missile radome and other components, the high hardness and wear resistance of ceramic matrix composites make machining difficult and easy to produce machining defects. At the same time, because of its special application scene, the structural parts often have unconventional machining characteristics, such as the non-rotating internal groove in the aero-engine, which can easily lead to machining interference, and the antenna cover assembly needs to process the blind hole with specified depth flat bottom. These problems hinder the industrial application of ceramic matrix composites in manufacturing industry. In order to meet the requirements of aeronautics and spaceflight related technologies, the machining technology of deep cavity grooves in C/SiC ceramic matrix composites by spiral milling and grinding with blind holes of quartz ceramic matrix composites is studied. The main research contents and results are as follows: (1) based on the analysis of the characteristics of quartz ceramic matrix composites and the reasons why blind hole drilling is difficult to ensure machining quality and tool life, The machining method of spiral milling blind hole with electroplated diamond cutting tool was put forward and studied, and the removal mechanism of screw milling hole material was analyzed. The experimental results show that the process method can effectively improve the condition of chip discharge, reduce the cutting heat, and improve the machining quality. (2) through the experiments of machining parameters of quartz ceramic matrix composites by spiral milling blind hole, the effect of machining parameters on cutting temperature is analyzed. The influence law of cutting force and hole making quality is given, and the main factors influencing the cutting force and hole making quality of spiral milling mill are given. A reasonable and feasible machining procedure for spiral milling and grinding blind hole of quartz ceramic matrix composites is established. (3) the machinability of C/SiC ceramic matrix composites is studied experimentally, and the changing laws of cutting force and machining quality under different technological parameters are compared. On this basis, according to the processing requirements, the reasonable parameter range is determined, which provides a reliable design basis for the development of the deep cavity grooves machining device. (4) according to the machining requirements of a C/SiC ceramic matrix composite part, A special machining device for deep cavity grooves of C/SiC ceramic matrix composite materials was developed. According to the characteristic structure of deep cavity grooves special tools and technological process were designed and a reasonable and feasible path scheme for machining deep cavity grooves was designed. The effects of different cutting tool schemes on machining efficiency and cutting stability are compared and analyzed, which provides a complete set of technical solutions for subsequent product processing.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB332
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