面向等离子体W-Nb系复合材料制备及其性能研究
发布时间：2018-08-16 19:16
【摘要】：由于钨及钨合金具有高熔点、低溅射性、高热导率和低的氘滞留等优点,因此被认为是面向等离子体第一壁的最佳候选材料。然而低温脆性、韧脆转变温度高和辐照脆化等问题限制了其在聚变反应堆的应用,微合金化是一种有效提高钨基复合材料综合性能的方法。本文采用机械球磨Nb、Ti等合金元素改性W基复合材料,并采用SPS烧结来制备新型的W基复合材料。研究了不同Nb含量、不同球磨时间、Nb和Ti协同作用以及Nb和TiC协同作用对W基复合材料组织结构和性能的影响。主要研究结果如下:(1)Nb掺杂W TiC复合材料可以明显提高其相对密度和热导率,同时Nb掺杂可以明显提高W TiC复合材料高温拉伸强度等性能。(2)少量Nb和Ti掺杂W材料,可以有效降低D2滞留量,提高W Nb/Ti复合材料的氘滞留抗性。W Ti/Nb复合材料的孔隙率将随着Ti含量增加而增加。随着掺杂的Ti含量增加,W基复合材料的显微硬度值从697.0 HV降低到608.9 HV。当Ti含量达到4wt%时,拉伸强度达到最大值(410.53MPa)。W Nb/Ti复合材料在烧结过程中形成了Ti(X)W(1-X)固溶体。(3)随着球磨时间增加,W Nb复合粉末晶粒尺寸减小,而晶格应变和位错密度增加。经25 h球磨后制得的W Nb复合材料拥有最低的孔隙率,并且富Nb相细小均匀分布在钨合金的晶粒内部和晶界上。球磨25 h的W Nb复合材料拥有最佳的抗氘辐射性能。(4)随着Nb含量增加,复合粉末颗粒尺寸减小。Nb合金元素可以有效促进W基材料烧结致密化。随着Nb含量增加,显微硬度增加,这可以归因于晶粒细化和低孔隙率。随着Nb含量增加,总氘滞留量增加,过量的Nb掺杂W基材料不利于抵抗氘滞留。
[Abstract]:Tungsten and tungsten alloys are considered as the best candidate materials for plasma first wall due to their advantages of high melting point low sputtering high thermal conductivity and low deuterium retention. However, low temperature brittleness, high ductile-brittle transition temperature and irradiation embrittlement limit its application in fusion reactor. Microalloying is an effective method to improve the comprehensive properties of tungsten matrix composites. In this paper, a new type of W matrix composites was prepared by mechanical ball milling and SPS sintering. The effects of different NB content, different milling time, NB and Ti synergism and NB and TiC synergism on the microstructure and properties of W matrix composites were studied. The main results are as follows: (1) the relative density and thermal conductivity of Nb-doped W / TiC composites can be improved significantly, while NB doping can obviously improve the tensile strength and other properties of W / TiC composites at high temperature. (2) A small amount of NB and Ti doped W composites can improve the properties of W composites at high temperature. The deuterium retention resistance of W / W Nb/Ti composites increased with the increase of Ti content, and the porosity of W / W Ti/Nb composites increased with the increase of Ti content. The microhardness of W matrix composites decreased from 697.0 HV to 608.9 HV with the increase of Ti content. When Ti content reaches 4wt%, the tensile strength reaches the maximum (410.53MPa). W / W Nb/Ti composites form Ti (X) W (1-X) solid solution during sintering. (3) with the increase of milling time, the grain size of W / N b composite powder decreases, while the lattice strain and dislocation density increase. After 25 h ball milling, the W / Nb composite has the lowest porosity, and the fine and uniform distribution of Nb-rich phase on the grain interior and grain boundary of tungsten alloy. (4) with the increase of NB content, the particle size of the composite powder decreases. The alloy element of Nb alloy can promote the sintering densification of W-base material effectively. The microhardness increases with the increase of NB content, which can be attributed to grain refinement and low porosity. With the increase of NB content, the total deuterium retention increased, and excessive NB doped W-based materials were not conducive to resist deuterium retention.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB33
[Abstract]:Tungsten and tungsten alloys are considered as the best candidate materials for plasma first wall due to their advantages of high melting point low sputtering high thermal conductivity and low deuterium retention. However, low temperature brittleness, high ductile-brittle transition temperature and irradiation embrittlement limit its application in fusion reactor. Microalloying is an effective method to improve the comprehensive properties of tungsten matrix composites. In this paper, a new type of W matrix composites was prepared by mechanical ball milling and SPS sintering. The effects of different NB content, different milling time, NB and Ti synergism and NB and TiC synergism on the microstructure and properties of W matrix composites were studied. The main results are as follows: (1) the relative density and thermal conductivity of Nb-doped W / TiC composites can be improved significantly, while NB doping can obviously improve the tensile strength and other properties of W / TiC composites at high temperature. (2) A small amount of NB and Ti doped W composites can improve the properties of W composites at high temperature. The deuterium retention resistance of W / W Nb/Ti composites increased with the increase of Ti content, and the porosity of W / W Ti/Nb composites increased with the increase of Ti content. The microhardness of W matrix composites decreased from 697.0 HV to 608.9 HV with the increase of Ti content. When Ti content reaches 4wt%, the tensile strength reaches the maximum (410.53MPa). W / W Nb/Ti composites form Ti (X) W (1-X) solid solution during sintering. (3) with the increase of milling time, the grain size of W / N b composite powder decreases, while the lattice strain and dislocation density increase. After 25 h ball milling, the W / Nb composite has the lowest porosity, and the fine and uniform distribution of Nb-rich phase on the grain interior and grain boundary of tungsten alloy. (4) with the increase of NB content, the particle size of the composite powder decreases. The alloy element of Nb alloy can promote the sintering densification of W-base material effectively. The microhardness increases with the increase of NB content, which can be attributed to grain refinement and low porosity. With the increase of NB content, the total deuterium retention increased, and excessive NB doped W-based materials were not conducive to resist deuterium retention.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB33
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