矿物粉体和有机体表面金属化及其吸波性能研究
发布时间：2018-09-11 15:20
【摘要】：随着电子工业技术的高速发展,电磁污染日益严重,同时伴随隐身技术对材料吸波性能需求的提高,开发新型质轻、频宽和吸收强的吸波材料越来越重要。本文采用的是化学镀的方法,该技术以其工艺简便、节能、环保日益受到人们广泛的关注。为了探究新型高性能的吸波材料,本文主要在三种不同基体材料(高岭土、碳纳米管和大肠杆菌)复合纳米金属涂层,即在高岭土表面、碳纳米管表面镀覆Co-P涂层和在大肠杆菌表面镀覆纯金属Co涂层。首先在经过前期处理过后的高岭土进行表面镀覆Co-P层,对获得的涂层进行SEM、XRD、EDS和网络矢量分析仪表征。其次对碳纳米管进行化学镀,首先要对其进行前处理,包括去胶、除油、粗化,之后在进行活化、敏化和还原,对获得Co-P层包覆碳纳米管的微观形貌、晶体结构、成分和电磁参数进行表征。最后在大肠杆菌表面进行化学镀,同样对其进行前处理过后,在镀液中施镀,对获得的纯Co包覆大肠杆菌的样品进行微观形貌、晶体结构、成分和电磁参数进行表征。由实验结果表明:在高岭土表面化学镀之后,由EDS和XRD可知表面成功镀覆了一层Co-P层。由磁滞回线可知,XK/Co-P的饱和磁化强度和矫顽力分别为25.04A·m2·kg-1和1652.35A·m-1。并且由电磁性能可知,其在频率为6GHz左右,其中XK/Co-P的反射损耗达到了-10dB左右,表现出优良的吸波性能。主要原因可能是层片状的高岭土相比团聚状的高岭土表面吸附更多的Co-P涂层,表现出良好的吸波性能。由TEM可知在CNTs表面上制备了厚度为2.95nm的均匀Co-P涂层,同时可知,中空厚度为4.12nm,壁厚为3.88nm。由反射损耗与频率的变化关系可知,随着匹配厚度的增加,吸波频宽降低,吸收峰增强。当匹配厚度为2.5mm的时候,其反射损耗值为-20dB左右。对纯Co包覆大肠杆菌实验中,由EDS和面扫结果可知水合肼成功还原了镀液当中的Co~(2+),得到了纯Co的涂层。由TEM和相应的线扫结果可知Co涂层的厚度是均匀的。在电磁吸波性能方面,当匹配厚度为2.0mm时,其相对应的反射损耗为-29dB,对于电磁波的吸收得到了将近95%以上。而且随着匹配厚度的增加,吸收峰往低频方向迁移,表现出较强的吸波性能。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of electronic industry, electromagnetic pollution is becoming more and more serious, and with the improvement of absorbing performance of materials by stealth technology, it is more and more important to develop new absorbing materials of light weight, wide frequency and strong absorption. This paper adopts the method of electroless plating, which has been paid more and more attention for its simple process, energy saving and environmental protection. In order to explore new high performance microwave absorbing materials, three different matrix materials (kaolin, carbon nanotube and Escherichia coli) were used as composite metal coatings, that is, on the surface of kaolin, carbon nanotubes and Escherichia coli. Carbon nanotubes were coated with Co-P coating and Escherichia coli with pure metal Co coating. Firstly, the surface of kaolin was coated with Co-P layer, and the obtained coating was characterized by SEM,XRD,EDS and network vector analyzer. Secondly, the carbon nanotubes were chemically plated. The carbon nanotubes were pretreated, including degumming, deoiling, coarsening, activation, sensitization and reduction, and the microstructure and crystal structure of the carbon nanotubes coated with Co-P layer were obtained. The composition and electromagnetic parameters were characterized. Finally, electroless plating was carried out on the surface of Escherichia coli. After pretreatment, the samples coated with pure Co were characterized by micromorphology, crystal structure, composition and electromagnetic parameters. The experimental results show that after electroless plating on the surface of kaolin, a layer of Co-P is successfully deposited on the surface of the kaolin by EDS and XRD. According to the hysteresis loop, the saturation magnetization and coercivity of XK / Co-P are 25.04A m2 kg-1 and 1652.35 A m-1, respectively. According to the electromagnetic performance, the frequency is about 6GHz, and the reflection loss of XK/Co-P is about -10dB, which shows excellent absorbing performance. The main reason may be that the lamellar kaolin adsorbs more Co-P coating on the surface of agglomerated kaolin and shows good wave absorption performance. The uniform Co-P coating with a thickness of 2.95nm was prepared on the surface of CNTs by TEM, and the hollow thickness was 4.12 nm and the wall thickness was 3.88 nm. According to the relation between reflection loss and frequency, with the increase of matching thickness, the absorption band width decreases and the absorption peak increases. When the matching thickness is 2.5mm, the reflection loss is about -20 dB. In the experiment of coating Escherichia coli with pure Co, the results of EDS and surface scan show that hydrazine hydrate has successfully reduced Co~ (2) in the bath and obtained the coating of pure Co. The results of TEM and linear sweep show that the thickness of Co coating is uniform. In the aspect of electromagnetic absorbing performance, when the matching thickness is 2.0mm, the corresponding reflection loss is -29 dB, and the absorption of electromagnetic wave is more than 95%. Moreover, with the increase of matching thickness, the absorption peak shifts to the low frequency direction, showing strong absorbing performance.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB306
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of electronic industry, electromagnetic pollution is becoming more and more serious, and with the improvement of absorbing performance of materials by stealth technology, it is more and more important to develop new absorbing materials of light weight, wide frequency and strong absorption. This paper adopts the method of electroless plating, which has been paid more and more attention for its simple process, energy saving and environmental protection. In order to explore new high performance microwave absorbing materials, three different matrix materials (kaolin, carbon nanotube and Escherichia coli) were used as composite metal coatings, that is, on the surface of kaolin, carbon nanotubes and Escherichia coli. Carbon nanotubes were coated with Co-P coating and Escherichia coli with pure metal Co coating. Firstly, the surface of kaolin was coated with Co-P layer, and the obtained coating was characterized by SEM,XRD,EDS and network vector analyzer. Secondly, the carbon nanotubes were chemically plated. The carbon nanotubes were pretreated, including degumming, deoiling, coarsening, activation, sensitization and reduction, and the microstructure and crystal structure of the carbon nanotubes coated with Co-P layer were obtained. The composition and electromagnetic parameters were characterized. Finally, electroless plating was carried out on the surface of Escherichia coli. After pretreatment, the samples coated with pure Co were characterized by micromorphology, crystal structure, composition and electromagnetic parameters. The experimental results show that after electroless plating on the surface of kaolin, a layer of Co-P is successfully deposited on the surface of the kaolin by EDS and XRD. According to the hysteresis loop, the saturation magnetization and coercivity of XK / Co-P are 25.04A m2 kg-1 and 1652.35 A m-1, respectively. According to the electromagnetic performance, the frequency is about 6GHz, and the reflection loss of XK/Co-P is about -10dB, which shows excellent absorbing performance. The main reason may be that the lamellar kaolin adsorbs more Co-P coating on the surface of agglomerated kaolin and shows good wave absorption performance. The uniform Co-P coating with a thickness of 2.95nm was prepared on the surface of CNTs by TEM, and the hollow thickness was 4.12 nm and the wall thickness was 3.88 nm. According to the relation between reflection loss and frequency, with the increase of matching thickness, the absorption band width decreases and the absorption peak increases. When the matching thickness is 2.5mm, the reflection loss is about -20 dB. In the experiment of coating Escherichia coli with pure Co, the results of EDS and surface scan show that hydrazine hydrate has successfully reduced Co~ (2) in the bath and obtained the coating of pure Co. The results of TEM and linear sweep show that the thickness of Co coating is uniform. In the aspect of electromagnetic absorbing performance, when the matching thickness is 2.0mm, the corresponding reflection loss is -29 dB, and the absorption of electromagnetic wave is more than 95%. Moreover, with the increase of matching thickness, the absorption peak shifts to the low frequency direction, showing strong absorbing performance.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB306
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