碳纳米管改性热塑性抗静电复合材料的制备和性能研究
发布时间：2018-09-14 16:40
【摘要】：碳纳米管(CNT)具有纳米尺寸直径、高长径比、高强度同时又具有优异的柔韧性以及良好的化学稳定性,这使得CNT可以成为聚合物复合材料的理想填料,尤其在高性能纳米复合材料领域应用前景诱人。然而由于范德华力相互作用使的CNT极难在热塑性基体中形成稳定分散,限制CNT发挥出本身的性能优势。本文主要采用熔融共混法制备CNT线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)复合材料,通过研究CNT在LLDPE基体中分散工艺的优化和易分散碳纳米管母粒的制备和应用,为探索出一条CNT改性热塑性抗静电复合材料的产业化应用道路,进行了深入的研究,主要的研究内容和创新点如下:1.首先采用熔融共混法制备不同CNT质量分数的CNT/LLDPE复合材料,此时CNT/LLDPE复合材料的渗流阈值为3 wt%,弯曲强度达到最大值为6.32MPa,比纯LLDPE基体提高28.78%,TEM表征可以看出CNT在LLDPE树脂基体中分散较为均匀,CNT在LLDPE内部相互搭接,构建出有效的导电网络。2.进一步研究了分散工艺对碳纳米管改性线性低密度聚乙烯分散的影响,结果表明CNT填充量处于“敏感区”1?3 wt%时,直接熔融共混法比母粒稀释法对CNT/LLDPE复合材料组建导电网络效率更高;密炼工艺可以有效促进CNT在LLDPE基体中的分散,当填充3 wt%的CNT时,密炼工艺可以使得复合材料电阻率和表面阻抗都降低一个数量级;还优选出表面分散剂为MPEG-2000,其添加量为5.0 wt%。3.基于上述研究,提出了一种易分散碳纳米管母粒的制备方法,不仅可以减少CNT粉体的飞扬带来的污染问题,还能缩短工艺流程,进一步降低成本。探索易分散碳纳米管母粒在不同热塑性基体中的分散性研究,对于LLDPE复合材料渗流阈值降低为1.5 wt%,相比其他两种基体树脂CNT在PET基体树脂中分散效果最佳,渗流阈值最低。加工成型方式会影响复合材料电学性能,当CNT含量为3 wt%时,加工成型方式会导致CNT/LLDPE复合材料表面阻抗相差六个数量级。
[Abstract]:Carbon nanotube (CNT) has nanometer diameter, high aspect ratio, high strength, excellent flexibility and good chemical stability, which makes CNT an ideal filler for polymer composites. Especially in the field of high-performance nanocomposites applications are attractive. However, due to van der Waals interaction, it is very difficult for CNT to form stable dispersion in thermoplastic matrix, which limits the performance of CNT. In this paper, CNT linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) (LLDPE) composites were prepared by melt blending method. The optimization of CNT dispersion process in LLDPE matrix and the preparation and application of easily dispersed carbon nanotube masterbatch were studied. In order to explore an industrial application road of CNT modified thermoplastic antistatic composites, the main research contents and innovations are as follows: 1. Firstly, CNT/LLDPE composites with different mass fraction of CNT were prepared by melt blending method. When the percolation threshold of CNT/LLDPE composites is 3 wt%, the maximum bending strength is 6.32 MPa, which is 28.78 MPA higher than that of pure LLDPE matrix. It can be seen that CNT is dispersed uniformly in the matrix of LLDPE resin and overlapped with each other in LLDPE, and an effective conductive network. 2. The effect of dispersion process on the dispersion of LLDPE modified by carbon nanotubes was further studied. The results showed that the filling amount of CNT was in the "sensitive zone" of 1 ~ 3 wt%. The direct melt blending method is more efficient than the masterbatch dilution method in the formation of conductive network of CNT/LLDPE composites, the mixing process can effectively promote the dispersion of CNT in the LLDPE matrix, and when the CNT is filled with 3 wt%, The surface resistance and surface impedance of composites can be reduced by one order of magnitude by densification process, and the surface dispersant is selected as MPEG-2000, and the addition amount is 5.0 wt%.3.. Based on the above research, a method of preparing easily dispersed carbon nanotube masterbatch is proposed, which can not only reduce the pollution caused by the flying of CNT powder, but also shorten the process flow and further reduce the cost. To explore the dispersion of easily dispersed carbon nanotube masterbatch in different thermoplastic matrix, the percolation threshold of LLDPE composite is reduced to 1.5 wt%,. Compared with other two kinds of matrix resin CNT, the dispersion effect of CNT in PET matrix resin is the best, and the percolation threshold is the lowest. When the content of CNT is 3 wt%, the surface impedance of CNT/LLDPE composites will differ by six orders of magnitude when the content of CNT is 3 wt%.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB332
[Abstract]:Carbon nanotube (CNT) has nanometer diameter, high aspect ratio, high strength, excellent flexibility and good chemical stability, which makes CNT an ideal filler for polymer composites. Especially in the field of high-performance nanocomposites applications are attractive. However, due to van der Waals interaction, it is very difficult for CNT to form stable dispersion in thermoplastic matrix, which limits the performance of CNT. In this paper, CNT linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) (LLDPE) composites were prepared by melt blending method. The optimization of CNT dispersion process in LLDPE matrix and the preparation and application of easily dispersed carbon nanotube masterbatch were studied. In order to explore an industrial application road of CNT modified thermoplastic antistatic composites, the main research contents and innovations are as follows: 1. Firstly, CNT/LLDPE composites with different mass fraction of CNT were prepared by melt blending method. When the percolation threshold of CNT/LLDPE composites is 3 wt%, the maximum bending strength is 6.32 MPa, which is 28.78 MPA higher than that of pure LLDPE matrix. It can be seen that CNT is dispersed uniformly in the matrix of LLDPE resin and overlapped with each other in LLDPE, and an effective conductive network. 2. The effect of dispersion process on the dispersion of LLDPE modified by carbon nanotubes was further studied. The results showed that the filling amount of CNT was in the "sensitive zone" of 1 ~ 3 wt%. The direct melt blending method is more efficient than the masterbatch dilution method in the formation of conductive network of CNT/LLDPE composites, the mixing process can effectively promote the dispersion of CNT in the LLDPE matrix, and when the CNT is filled with 3 wt%, The surface resistance and surface impedance of composites can be reduced by one order of magnitude by densification process, and the surface dispersant is selected as MPEG-2000, and the addition amount is 5.0 wt%.3.. Based on the above research, a method of preparing easily dispersed carbon nanotube masterbatch is proposed, which can not only reduce the pollution caused by the flying of CNT powder, but also shorten the process flow and further reduce the cost. To explore the dispersion of easily dispersed carbon nanotube masterbatch in different thermoplastic matrix, the percolation threshold of LLDPE composite is reduced to 1.5 wt%,. Compared with other two kinds of matrix resin CNT, the dispersion effect of CNT in PET matrix resin is the best, and the percolation threshold is the lowest. When the content of CNT is 3 wt%, the surface impedance of CNT/LLDPE composites will differ by six orders of magnitude when the content of CNT is 3 wt%.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB332
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