高木材纤维含量聚丙烯基复合材料的制备及其性能

发布时间：2018-09-18 14:32

【摘要】：采用模压和热压两种成型方法制备高木材纤维含量的聚丙烯(PP)基木塑复合材料,研究不同工艺方法和木材纤维质量分数(50%~90%)对木塑复合材料吸水性、接触角、表面自由能以及力学性能的影响,并通过扫描电子显微镜对复合材料的层间断面形貌进行观察。结果表明,木材纤维质量分数的提高使复合材料表面润湿性增强,力学性能有所下降,储能模量降低,玻璃化转变温度提高。当木材纤维质量分数达到80%时,复合材料仍可保持较好的弹性模量和冲击韧性;24 h吸水厚度膨胀率小于15%,可在潮湿环境下使用;表面自由能极性分量与中密度纤维板相当。扫描电镜结果表明,木材纤维质量分数增加可使复合材料的界面结合减弱。采用模压工艺制备的复合板材密度较大,抗弯性能较好;热压工艺所制复合板材的润湿性和冲击强度均优于模压工艺,在贴面装饰方面具有潜在优势。
[Abstract]:Polypropylene (PP) based wood-plastic composites with high wood fiber content were prepared by molding and hot pressing. The absorbency and contact angle of wood-plastic composites were studied by different processing methods and wood fiber mass fraction (50 ~ 90%). The effects of surface free energy and mechanical properties on the interlaminar cross-section morphology of the composites were observed by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the surface wettability, mechanical properties, storage modulus and glass transition temperature of the composites were increased with the increase of wood fiber mass fraction. When the wood fiber mass fraction reaches 80, the composite can still maintain good elastic modulus and impact toughness, the water absorption thickness expansion ratio is less than 15 in 24 h, and the polar component of surface free energy is equivalent to that of MDF. The SEM results showed that the interfacial bonding of the composites decreased with the increase of wood fiber mass fraction. The composite plate prepared by moulding process has higher density and better bending performance, and the wettability and impact strength of the composite plate prepared by hot pressing process are better than that of the molding process, which has potential advantages in veneer decoration.
【作者单位】：东北林业大学生物质材料科学与技术教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(31670573) 黑龙江省自然科学基金(ZD2016002)
【分类号】：TB332

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