竹焦油树脂基泡沫炭的合成及其复合材料制备
发布时间：2018-10-12 21:38
【摘要】：竹子是一种生长速度很快的可再生资源,除了简单的竹材应用之处,它还可为工业领域提供多种重要原料及多种替代能源。因而,在目前全球正着力应对化石能源枯竭及环境污染两大危机之际,竹材被寄予了深厚的期望。竹子经高温无氧干馏处理之后可生成竹炭,在制备竹炭过程中产生的竹醋液经数月时间静置后得到黑色粘稠状并带有烟熏味的竹焦油。如果不对竹焦油进行处理而直接置于环境中的话,会造成严重的二次污染,因此必须寻找一种有效的方法将其进行合理的应用。由GC-MS分析可知,竹焦油中含有多种有机化合物,其中大多为芳香族和酚类化合物,认为为竹焦油可应用于缩合多环芳香烃树脂(CoPNA)的合成首先,竹焦油与交联剂对苯二甲醇在对甲苯磺酸的催化作用下生成竹焦油基COPNA树脂,设计正交实验讨论竹焦油与交联剂比例(料剂比)、反应温度、反应时间以及催化剂含量对树脂性能的影响,最终确定最佳条件是料剂比0.6、反应温度130℃、催化剂5%、反应时间5h。因料剂比对树脂性能的影响最大,后续就料剂比对树脂性能的影响展开了进一步的研究,分析表明0.6的确为最佳料剂比。随后,对树脂的应用进行了深入的研究,本文利用高温发泡工艺将竹焦油树脂成功制备得到竹焦油树脂基泡沫炭,并讨论了树脂前驱体的性质及后期的炭化温度对泡沫炭性能和形貌的影响。竹焦油树脂基泡沫炭的室温热导率可达0.071Wm*k;压缩强度达到7.66MPa;泡沫炭的孔径分布在1-501μm之间；泡沫炭的抗氧化性能很高,空气气氛下于525℃才开始大量失重；泡沫炭的结构主要以无定型碳质结构为主；因此竹焦油树脂基泡沫炭是一种各方面性能不错的隔热材料,有望广泛应用于高温隔热领域。最后,本文对竹焦油树脂基泡沫炭-RF炭气凝胶复合材料的制备进行了初步探索。利用气凝胶前驱体浸渍泡沫炭的方法,经溶胶-凝胶反应、老化、溶剂转换、干燥、炭化处理工艺,成功将气凝胶填充进泡沫炭骨架中。气凝胶的填入可降低复合材料的热导率约7.79%,从而提高复合材料的隔热性能。
[Abstract]:Bamboo is a kind of renewable resource with rapid growth rate. In addition to the simple application of bamboo, it can also provide a variety of important raw materials and alternative energy for the industrial field. Therefore, at a time when the world is dealing with the two major crises of fossil energy depletion and environmental pollution, bamboo has been placed deep expectations. Bamboo charcoal can be produced after high temperature anaerobic distillation. Bamboo vinegar produced in the process of bamboo charcoal preparation can be used to produce black sticky bamboo tar with smoky flavor after several months of statics. If bamboo tar is not treated and placed directly in the environment, it will cause serious secondary pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to find an effective method for its rational application. According to GC-MS analysis, bamboo tar contains a variety of organic compounds, most of which are aromatic and phenolic compounds. It is considered that bamboo tar can be used in the synthesis of condensed polycyclic aromatic resin (CoPNA). Bamboo tar based COPNA resin was formed from bamboo tar and crosslinking agent p-benzenediol under the catalysis of p-toluene sulfonic acid. The ratio of bamboo tar to crosslinking agent (the ratio of binder and crosslinking agent) and reaction temperature were discussed by orthogonal experiment. The effects of reaction time and catalyst content on the resin properties were studied. The optimum conditions were determined as follows: the ratio of catalyst to agent was 0.6, the reaction temperature was 130 鈩，
本文编号：2267686
[Abstract]:Bamboo is a kind of renewable resource with rapid growth rate. In addition to the simple application of bamboo, it can also provide a variety of important raw materials and alternative energy for the industrial field. Therefore, at a time when the world is dealing with the two major crises of fossil energy depletion and environmental pollution, bamboo has been placed deep expectations. Bamboo charcoal can be produced after high temperature anaerobic distillation. Bamboo vinegar produced in the process of bamboo charcoal preparation can be used to produce black sticky bamboo tar with smoky flavor after several months of statics. If bamboo tar is not treated and placed directly in the environment, it will cause serious secondary pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to find an effective method for its rational application. According to GC-MS analysis, bamboo tar contains a variety of organic compounds, most of which are aromatic and phenolic compounds. It is considered that bamboo tar can be used in the synthesis of condensed polycyclic aromatic resin (CoPNA). Bamboo tar based COPNA resin was formed from bamboo tar and crosslinking agent p-benzenediol under the catalysis of p-toluene sulfonic acid. The ratio of bamboo tar to crosslinking agent (the ratio of binder and crosslinking agent) and reaction temperature were discussed by orthogonal experiment. The effects of reaction time and catalyst content on the resin properties were studied. The optimum conditions were determined as follows: the ratio of catalyst to agent was 0.6, the reaction temperature was 130 鈩，
本文编号：2267686
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