高性能隔震天然橡胶基复合材料的制备、结构与性能研究
发布时间：2018-10-15 07:05
【摘要】：目前提高建筑物抗震能力的主要方法就是在建筑物与地基之间设置隔震支座,而天然橡胶(NR)是制备隔震支座所需的主要橡胶材料,但NR本身阻尼性能相对较差,因此研究NR基复合材料的结构与性能对制备高性能隔震支座具有十分重要的意义。本文将高阻尼橡胶材料氯化丁基橡胶(CIIR)、新型纳米填料碳纳米管(CNTs)和石油树脂加入NR中来制备NR基复合材料,利用红外二向色性、同步辐射广角X射线衍射(Synchrotron WAXD)研究CIIR及CNTs含量对NR的单轴拉伸取向及应变诱导结晶(SIC)的影响,同时利用橡胶加工分析仪(RPA)研究CIIR、CNTs及石油树脂含量对NR阻尼性能的影响,从而制备出高性能隔震NR基复合材料。主要内容及结论如下：(1)通过红外二向色性和WAXD实验在室温下研究了氯化丁基及橡胶及碳纳米管含量对NR的单轴拉伸取向及SIC的影响。发现：a.NR/CIIR共混物在单轴拉伸条件下,只有NR产生了取向,且随着应变的增加,取向度逐渐增大,而CIIR几乎不取向；b.纯NR在单轴拉伸条件下其取向因子小于NR/CIIR共混物中NR组分的取向；c.NR/CIIR共混物在单轴拉伸条件下,只有NR发生了结晶现象,且随着应变的增加,结晶度逐渐增加,而CIIR几乎不发生结晶；d. NR/CIIR共混物随着NR质量份数的减少,相同应变下其结晶度与纯NR相比先增大后减小,而且共混物中NR的结晶速率小于纯NR;e. NR中加入CNTs能够提高NR的结晶速率及结晶度,而且CNTs数越多,该作用越明显；f. CIIR/CNTs复合材料中CIIR组分与纯CIIR一样均不发生结晶。(2)应用RPA研究CIIR、CNTs及石油树脂含量对NR的阻尼性能的影响,发现：a.随着CIIR重量份数的增加,NR/CIIR共混物阻尼性能逐渐提高；b.NR中加入CNTs有益于NR/CNTs复合材料阻尼性能的提高,而将CNTs加入CIIR中作用相反；c.CIIR加入NR/CNTs/CB复合材料中与纯NR中加入CIIR的作用相反,反而降低了NR/CNTs/CB复合材料阻尼性能；d.NR中加入石油树脂不仅有益于降低NR/CNTs/CB复合材料的硬度,而且能够提高其阻尼性能。
[Abstract]:At present, the main method to improve the aseismic capacity of buildings is to install isolation bearings between buildings and foundations. Natural rubber (NR) is the main rubber material needed to prepare the isolation bearings, but the damping property of NR itself is relatively poor. Therefore, it is very important to study the structure and properties of NR matrix composites for the preparation of high performance isolation bearings. In this paper, carbon nanotube (CNTs) and petroleum resin were added to high damping rubber material, (CIIR), to prepare NR matrix composites, and infrared dichroism was used to prepare NR matrix composites. The effects of CIIR and CNTs contents on the uniaxial tensile orientation and strain-induced crystalline (SIC) of NR were studied by synchrotron radiation wide-angle X-ray diffraction (Synchrotron WAXD). The effects of CIIR,CNTs and petroleum resin content on the damping properties of NR were studied by means of rubber processing analyzer (RPA). The high performance NR matrix composites were prepared. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) the effects of Ding Ji chlorination, rubber and carbon nanotube content on the uniaxial tensile orientation and SIC of NR were studied by IR dichroism and WAXD experiments at room temperature. It is found that under uniaxial tensile condition, only NR produces orientation, and the orientation degree increases gradually with the increase of strain, but CIIR is almost non-oriented. Under uniaxial tensile condition, the orientation factor of pure NR is smaller than that of NR component in NR/CIIR blend, and only NR crystallizes under uniaxial tensile condition, and the crystallinity increases with the increase of strain. The crystallinity of d. NR/CIIR blends increased first and then decreased at the same strain compared with pure NR, and the crystallization rate of NR in the blends was lower than that of pure NR;e.. The addition of CNTs into NR can increase the crystallization rate and crystallinity of NR, and the higher the CNTs number, the more obvious the effect is. The components of CIIR in CIIR/CNTs composites do not crystallize as pure CIIR. (2) the effects of the content of CIIR,CNTs and petroleum resin on the damping properties of NR are studied by RPA. With the increase of the weight of CIIR, the damping property of NR/CIIR blends was gradually improved, and the addition of CNTs to b.NR was beneficial to the improvement of damping properties of NR/CNTs composites, but the effect of adding CNTs to CIIR was opposite. The effect of adding c.CIIR to NR/CNTs/CB composites is opposite to that of pure NR and the damping property of NR/CNTs/CB composites is decreased, and the addition of petroleum resin to d.NR is not only beneficial to reduce the hardness of NR/CNTs/CB composites, but also to improve the damping properties of NR/CNTs/CB composites.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ332;TB33
本文编号：2271754
[Abstract]:At present, the main method to improve the aseismic capacity of buildings is to install isolation bearings between buildings and foundations. Natural rubber (NR) is the main rubber material needed to prepare the isolation bearings, but the damping property of NR itself is relatively poor. Therefore, it is very important to study the structure and properties of NR matrix composites for the preparation of high performance isolation bearings. In this paper, carbon nanotube (CNTs) and petroleum resin were added to high damping rubber material, (CIIR), to prepare NR matrix composites, and infrared dichroism was used to prepare NR matrix composites. The effects of CIIR and CNTs contents on the uniaxial tensile orientation and strain-induced crystalline (SIC) of NR were studied by synchrotron radiation wide-angle X-ray diffraction (Synchrotron WAXD). The effects of CIIR,CNTs and petroleum resin content on the damping properties of NR were studied by means of rubber processing analyzer (RPA). The high performance NR matrix composites were prepared. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: (1) the effects of Ding Ji chlorination, rubber and carbon nanotube content on the uniaxial tensile orientation and SIC of NR were studied by IR dichroism and WAXD experiments at room temperature. It is found that under uniaxial tensile condition, only NR produces orientation, and the orientation degree increases gradually with the increase of strain, but CIIR is almost non-oriented. Under uniaxial tensile condition, the orientation factor of pure NR is smaller than that of NR component in NR/CIIR blend, and only NR crystallizes under uniaxial tensile condition, and the crystallinity increases with the increase of strain. The crystallinity of d. NR/CIIR blends increased first and then decreased at the same strain compared with pure NR, and the crystallization rate of NR in the blends was lower than that of pure NR;e.. The addition of CNTs into NR can increase the crystallization rate and crystallinity of NR, and the higher the CNTs number, the more obvious the effect is. The components of CIIR in CIIR/CNTs composites do not crystallize as pure CIIR. (2) the effects of the content of CIIR,CNTs and petroleum resin on the damping properties of NR are studied by RPA. With the increase of the weight of CIIR, the damping property of NR/CIIR blends was gradually improved, and the addition of CNTs to b.NR was beneficial to the improvement of damping properties of NR/CNTs composites, but the effect of adding CNTs to CIIR was opposite. The effect of adding c.CIIR to NR/CNTs/CB composites is opposite to that of pure NR and the damping property of NR/CNTs/CB composites is decreased, and the addition of petroleum resin to d.NR is not only beneficial to reduce the hardness of NR/CNTs/CB composites, but also to improve the damping properties of NR/CNTs/CB composites.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ332;TB33
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