短链醇对单相微乳液结构及材料合成的影响
发布时间：2018-10-23 11:54
【摘要】：微乳液(microemulsion)是由两个或多个不混溶的液体通过加入表面活性剂所形成的热力学稳定体系。这种微观非均相体系能溶解极性和非极性物质，，利用该体系合成的材料具有优异的性能逐渐成为材料合成的研究热点。它们已被应用到很多领域如化学反应，材料科学和制药工业。微乳液的结构及相关缔合机理是当前关注的一个领域。本文主要研究以短链醇形成的Triton X-100/醇/异辛烷/水体系的结构与性质，并利用W/O型单相微乳液合成纳米颗粒，在此基础上讨论不同链长短链醇对微乳液结构及合成材料的影响。具体内容如下： 第一章主要介绍了微乳液的基本概念和分类，稀释法以及以微乳液为模板制备纳米粒子的相关知识和背景，为选题提供研究思路。 第二、三、四章分别介绍了正丁醇、正戊醇和正己醇构筑的Triton X-100/醇/异辛烷/水体系的性质与结构。研究主要从相行为、电导行为、微观结构参数以及合成材料方面进行： 首先，对各体系相行为进行分析，确定了形成稳定Triton X-100/醇/异辛烷/水体系的最佳条件以及各相边界图，从而对性质与结构展开研究。 其次，研究了各体系的电导率，划分了W/O、B.C.和O/W三种结构单相区，在此基础上分析体系的微观结构以及在渗滤理论基础上的结构改变。 然后，利用稀释法研究体系微观结构，从理论上推导体系的结构参数，包括水内核半径Rw、颗粒有效半径Re等，从微观角度认识体系的各个组成部分分散相，界面膜等。为运用该体系提供了理论依据，同时为进一步系统地研究各因素对微乳液结构参数的影响提供了方法。 最后，以Triton X-100/醇/异辛烷/水体系为模板合成CaCO3和BaSO4纳米颗粒，分析微乳液模板和颗粒形貌和大小之间存在的对应关系。Triton X-100分子有效覆盖在粒子表面，以维持稳定的微乳液结构，为合成粒子提供稳定的场所。 第五章结合微乳液微观结构以及合成材料的研究结果，分析发现不同链长的短链醇对TritonX-100/醇/异辛烷/水微乳液结构和性质有明显影响，为将来进一步的工作提供依据。
[Abstract]:Microemulsion (microemulsion) is a thermodynamically stable system formed by adding surfactant into two or more immiscible liquids. The micro heterogeneous system can dissolve polar and nonpolar materials, and the excellent properties of the materials synthesized by the system have gradually become the research focus of material synthesis. They have been used in many fields such as chemical reaction, material science and pharmaceutical industry. The structure and associated association mechanism of microemulsions are an area of concern. In this paper, the structure and properties of Triton X-100 / alcohol / isooctane / water system formed by short chain alcohols were studied, and the effects of different chains of long and short chain alcohols on the structure and synthetic materials of microemulsions were discussed based on the synthesis of nanocrystalline particles by W / O single-phase microemulsion. The main contents are as follows: in the first chapter, the basic concept and classification of microemulsion, the dilution method and the related knowledge and background of preparing nanoparticles using microemulsion as template are introduced. In the second, third and fourth chapters, the properties and structures of Triton X-100 / alcohol / isooctane / water system constructed by n-butanol, n-pentanol and n-hexanol are introduced respectively. The research is mainly carried out from the aspects of phase behavior, conductance behavior, microstructure parameters and synthetic materials. Firstly, the phase behavior of each system is analyzed. The optimum conditions for the formation of a stable Triton X-100 / alcohol / isooctane / water system and the boundary diagrams of each phase were determined, and the properties and structure of the system were studied. Secondly, the electrical conductivity of each system was studied, and the W / O _ (B. C) was divided into two parts. The microstructure of the system and the structural changes on the basis of percolation theory are analyzed on the basis of the single-phase region of three kinds of structure of O / W and O / W. Then, the microstructure of the system is studied by dilution method. The structural parameters of the system are deduced theoretically, including the effective radius of the water core Rw, particle, the effective radius of the particle, the dispersed phase and the interfacial membrane of the system from the microscopic point of view. It provides a theoretical basis for the application of the system, and provides a method for further systematic study of the influence of various factors on the structure parameters of microemulsion. Finally, CaCO3 and BaSO4 nanoparticles were synthesized using Triton X-100 / alcohol / isooctane / water system as templates. The relationship between the morphology and size of microemulsion templates and particles was analyzed. Triton X-100 molecules were effectively covered on the surface of the particles. In order to maintain a stable microemulsion structure, for synthetic particles to provide a stable place. In chapter 5, it is found that the short chain alcohol with different chain length has obvious influence on the structure and properties of TritonX-100/ alcohol / isooctane / water microemulsion, which provides the basis for further research.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1;O647.2
本文编号：2289156
[Abstract]:Microemulsion (microemulsion) is a thermodynamically stable system formed by adding surfactant into two or more immiscible liquids. The micro heterogeneous system can dissolve polar and nonpolar materials, and the excellent properties of the materials synthesized by the system have gradually become the research focus of material synthesis. They have been used in many fields such as chemical reaction, material science and pharmaceutical industry. The structure and associated association mechanism of microemulsions are an area of concern. In this paper, the structure and properties of Triton X-100 / alcohol / isooctane / water system formed by short chain alcohols were studied, and the effects of different chains of long and short chain alcohols on the structure and synthetic materials of microemulsions were discussed based on the synthesis of nanocrystalline particles by W / O single-phase microemulsion. The main contents are as follows: in the first chapter, the basic concept and classification of microemulsion, the dilution method and the related knowledge and background of preparing nanoparticles using microemulsion as template are introduced. In the second, third and fourth chapters, the properties and structures of Triton X-100 / alcohol / isooctane / water system constructed by n-butanol, n-pentanol and n-hexanol are introduced respectively. The research is mainly carried out from the aspects of phase behavior, conductance behavior, microstructure parameters and synthetic materials. Firstly, the phase behavior of each system is analyzed. The optimum conditions for the formation of a stable Triton X-100 / alcohol / isooctane / water system and the boundary diagrams of each phase were determined, and the properties and structure of the system were studied. Secondly, the electrical conductivity of each system was studied, and the W / O _ (B. C) was divided into two parts. The microstructure of the system and the structural changes on the basis of percolation theory are analyzed on the basis of the single-phase region of three kinds of structure of O / W and O / W. Then, the microstructure of the system is studied by dilution method. The structural parameters of the system are deduced theoretically, including the effective radius of the water core Rw, particle, the effective radius of the particle, the dispersed phase and the interfacial membrane of the system from the microscopic point of view. It provides a theoretical basis for the application of the system, and provides a method for further systematic study of the influence of various factors on the structure parameters of microemulsion. Finally, CaCO3 and BaSO4 nanoparticles were synthesized using Triton X-100 / alcohol / isooctane / water system as templates. The relationship between the morphology and size of microemulsion templates and particles was analyzed. Triton X-100 molecules were effectively covered on the surface of the particles. In order to maintain a stable microemulsion structure, for synthetic particles to provide a stable place. In chapter 5, it is found that the short chain alcohol with different chain length has obvious influence on the structure and properties of TritonX-100/ alcohol / isooctane / water microemulsion, which provides the basis for further research.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1;O647.2
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