超疏水表面的制备及其防覆冰性能的研究

发布时间：2018-10-24 07:37

【摘要】：随着“荷叶效应”被发现以来,人们对于超疏水领域的研究热情从未衰减。一般地,超疏水表面是指水滴在其表面的接触角大于150°,滚动角小于10°的表面。目前制备超疏水表面的途径主要有两种:在低表面能物质的表面构造微纳米复合结构和在具有适当粗糙度表面用低表面能修饰。制备超疏水表面的方法很多,但是,许多超疏水表面的制作方法复杂,价格昂贵,难以控制。随着研究的深入,人们发现超疏水表面不仅可以用于自清洁、防腐蚀、减阻等领域,在防覆冰领域也有着广泛的应用价值。本文采用水热法和激光刻蚀两种方法,制备了超疏水锌片和超疏水PTFE表面,超疏水锌片的最大接触角达到161.6°,超疏水PTFE的最大接触角为最大值166°。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)对两种表面的疏水机理进行了分析。用自制的二级制冷设备和离心机对超疏水表面在低温环境下的结冰行为进行考察。发现制得的超疏水锌片跟普通锌片相比,能延缓水滴结冰到600s,超疏水PTFE能延缓水滴结冰到1200s。在做剪切力实验时,发现冰粒在超疏水锌片上的剪切力只有普通锌片表面的1/16,冰粒在超疏水PTFE表面上的剪切力只有普通PTFE表面的1/49。验证了超疏水表面能有效延长结冰时间和降低冰粘附强度。
[Abstract]:With the discovery of the lotus leaf effect, the enthusiasm for super-hydrophobic research has never waned. Generally, the superhydrophobic surface is a surface with a contact angle greater than 150 掳and a rolling angle less than 10 掳. At present, there are two ways to prepare superhydrophobic surface: micro / nano composite structure on the surface of low surface energy material and low surface energy modification on the surface with proper roughness. There are many methods to prepare superhydrophobic surfaces. However, many methods of making superhydrophobic surfaces are complex, expensive and difficult to control. With the development of research, it has been found that superhydrophobic surfaces can not only be used in self-cleaning, corrosion prevention, drag reduction and other fields, but also have extensive application value in the field of anti-icing. In this paper, superhydrophobic zinc sheet and superhydrophobic PTFE surface were prepared by hydrothermal method and laser etching. The maximum contact angle of superhydrophobic zinc sheet was 161.6 掳and that of superhydrophobic PTFE was 166 掳. The hydrophobic mechanism of the two surfaces was analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) (SEM), X ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The freezing behavior of superhydrophobic surface at low temperature was investigated by using self-made two-stage refrigeration equipment and centrifuge. It is found that the superhydrophobic zinc sheet can delay the freezing of water droplets to 600s, and the superhydrophobic PTFE can delay the freezing of water droplets to 1200s compared with ordinary zinc tablets. It is found that the shear force of ice particles on superhydrophobic zinc sheet is only 1 / 16 of that on ordinary zinc sheet, and that on superhydrophobic PTFE surface is only 1 / 49 of that on ordinary PTFE surface. It is proved that the superhydrophobic surface can effectively prolong the ice forming time and reduce the ice adhesion strength.
【学位授予单位】：湖北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB306

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