金属多层纳米线的控制合成及其性能研究

发布时间：2018-10-25 10:06

【摘要】：近年来,随着纳米技术的快速发展,有关对纳米材料的研究已经从可控合成及基础性质的研究过渡到了对其独特性质进行实际生产应用的探索研究。由于多层纳米线在磁光、磁性、数据存储、传感器、生物技术以及在新型能源器件方面有着潜在的应用价值,因此对多层纳米线的可控合成及其相关特性的研究已经成为材料科学界研究的重要前沿课题之一。本论文中采用氧化铝模板技术与脉冲电沉积方法相结合,成功合成了高度有序的竹节状分层纳米线阵列,并且研究了其相关的性能。主要研究内容如下:1.金属多层纳米线的控制合成(1)本文利用自制的氧化铝模板(AAO),并采用脉冲沉积法成功制备了直径为70 nm的Au/Ni多层纳米线阵列,通过调节电沉积时间使磁性层Ni的厚度分别为65nm、120nm、180nm和300nm,而非磁性层Au的厚度保持为70nm;(2)利用自制的氧化铝模板(AAO),采用电化学沉积法成功制备了直径70nm的Pt/Ni多层纳米线阵列,我们通过改变电沉积时间,改变磁性层的厚度分别是60nm和200nm,而非磁性层Pt的厚度保持为60nm。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对样品的形貌和结构进行了表征与研究。2.金属多层纳米线的磁性研究(1)本文研究了Au/Ni多层纳米线的磁性与Ni磁性层长度之间的关系,结果表明:当Ni磁性层的长度大概是180nm时,剩磁率和矫顽力都出现了相对最大的值;(2)本文还研究了Au/Ni多层纳米线的矫顽力和剩磁率随测试角度变化的情况,结果发现,矫顽力和剩磁率不仅与角度的变化有关并且受Ni层厚度的影响,且易磁化轴为平行纳米线轴方向,当磁性Ni层的长度增加,纳米线间的静磁耦合作用也就随之增强。(3)研究了直径为70 nm的Pt/Ni多层纳米线阵列的磁性随测试角度变化的关系,结果表明:矫顽力和剩磁率不仅与测试角度的变化有关并且受Ni层长度的影响。3.金属多层纳米线的电化学性能研究(1)在室温条件下,研究了Au/Ni多层纳米线在无酶葡萄糖传感器上的应用,结果发现:我们合成的Au/Ni多层纳米线因为拥有大的比表面积和特殊的双金属结构,所以对葡萄糖有很好的探测性能,如非常高的灵敏度,较宽的线性范围和极低的探测极限;(2)在室温条件下,我们将Pt/Ni多层纳米线修饰在传统的玻碳电极上,并研究了该电极对甲醇的电催化氧化性能,通过利用循环伏安法和计时电流法,我们分别测试了Pt/Ni多层纳米线、Pt纳米线及Ni的纳米线修饰的电极对甲醇的电催化氧化性能,通过细心分析循环伏安曲线和计时电流曲线,我们发现,与其他两种材料相对比,我们制备的Pt/Ni多层纳米线对甲醇的电催化氧化性能是最好的,并且稳定性也是最强的。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of nanotechnology, the research on nanomaterials has shifted from controllable synthesis and basic properties to practical production and application of their unique properties. Because of the potential applications of multilayer nanowires in magneto-optic, magnetic, data storage, sensors, biotechnology and new energy devices, Therefore, the controllable synthesis of multilayer nanowires and their related properties have become one of the most important frontier topics in material science. In this thesis, a highly ordered layered nanowire array was successfully synthesized by using aluminum oxide template and pulse electrodeposition, and its related properties were studied. The main contents are as follows: 1. Controlled Synthesis of Metal Multilayer nanowires (1) in this paper, Au/Ni nanowire arrays with diameter of 70 nm were successfully prepared by using self-made alumina template (AAO), and pulse deposition method. By adjusting the electrodeposition time, the thickness of magnetic layer Ni is 65 nm, 120 nm, 180 nm and 300 nm, respectively, while the thickness of non-magnetic layer Au is kept at 70 nm. (2) the Pt/Ni multilayer nanowire array with diameter 70nm is successfully prepared by electrochemical deposition using self-made alumina template (AAO),. By changing the electrodeposition time, the thickness of the magnetic layer is 60nm and 200nm, respectively, while the thickness of the non-magnetic layer Pt is kept at 60nm. The morphology and structure of the samples were characterized by (XRD), high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM),) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). 2. Magnetic properties of metal multilayer nanowires (1) the relationship between the magnetic properties of Au/Ni multilayer nanowires and the length of Ni magnetic layer is studied. The results show that when the length of Ni magnetic layer is about 180nm, The relative maximum values of remanence and coercivity appear. (2) the change of coercivity and remanence of Au/Ni multilayer nanowires with the measured angle is also studied. The coercivity and remanence are not only related to the change of angle, but also affected by the thickness of the Ni layer, and the magnetization axis is parallel to the nanowire axis, when the length of the magnetic Ni layer increases, The magnetostatic coupling between nanowires is also enhanced. (3) the magnetic properties of Pt/Ni multilayer nanowire arrays with a diameter of 70 nm are studied. The results show that the coercivity and remanence are not only related to the change of measurement angle, but also affected by the length of Ni layer. Electrochemical properties of metal multilayer nanowires (1) the application of Au/Ni multilayer nanowires in enzymatic glucose sensor was studied at room temperature. The results show that the synthesized Au/Ni nanowires have good detection performance for glucose because of their large specific surface area and special bimetallic structure, such as very high sensitivity. (2) at room temperature, the Pt/Ni multilayer nanowires were modified on the conventional glassy carbon electrode, and the electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol was studied. By using cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry, we have tested the electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol on Pt/Ni multilayer nanowires, Pt nanowires and nanowires modified by Ni, respectively. The cyclic voltammetry curves and chronoamperometric curves were carefully analyzed. We found that compared with the other two kinds of materials, the Pt/Ni nanowires prepared by our method have the best electrocatalytic oxidation performance for methanol, and the stability is also the strongest.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TB383.1

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