微—纳米二元结构超疏水表面抑冰性能研究

发布时间：2018-10-31 06:21

【摘要】：超疏水表面具有极强的疏水性,在很多领域都有广泛的应用前景。目前,对超疏水表面的研究无论是在基础理论、制备方法、还是应用性能等方面都有了一定的进展。然而对超疏水表面抑冰性能的研究还不够多也不够系统,这是超疏水材料研究中需要进一步完善的一个领域。因此,本文在总结分析文献的基础上,研究了多种超疏水表面在滴水成冰和冷凝水成冰条件下的抑冰性,通过观察和分析超疏水表面的微结构特征、在常态和冷凝状态下的润湿性,并结合模型,分析和讨论了超疏水表面的抑冰机理,主要研究内容和创新点如下:(1)提出一种简单易行的新颖的制备方法在低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)基底上制备出了具有微-纳米二元结构的超疏水表面。该表面的接触角为155±2°,滚动角仅4°;研究了该超疏水LDPE表面的抑冰性能,结果发现该超疏水LDPE表面无论是在滴水成冰条件下还是在冷凝水成冰条件下都保持较好的抑冰性。(2)首次研究了长萼鸡眼草、再力花叶和夏堇花瓣这三种超疏水表面的抑冰性能,为进行比较,还研究了垂柳叶和美人蕉叶表面的抑冰性,结果表明:无论是在滴水成冰条件下还是在冷凝水成冰条件下,长萼鸡眼草、再力花叶的抑冰性能均优于夏堇花瓣、垂柳叶和美人蕉叶。通过对这五种植物叶表面微观结构以及在常态和冷凝条件下的润湿性进行仔细观察和分析并建立相应模型,解释了不同植物表面抑冰性能产生差异的原因,并得出结论如下:超疏水表面微米尺度结构的高度越矮、纳米尺度结构越丰富,则其在冷凝条件下超疏水性保持越好,抑冰性能也越好;而超疏水表面微米尺度结构的高度越高、微米结构上的纳米结构越少,则其在冷凝条件下疏水性越差,抑冰性能也越差。(3)采用模板法,通过两次复制,在LDPE基材上制得了与长萼鸡眼草、再力花叶、垂柳叶、美人蕉叶和夏堇花瓣这五种植物表面相似的结构,并对其表面结构和抑冰性能进行了表征和研究。实验结果表明,制得的类植物叶超疏水LDPE表面的抑冰性能优于普通LDPE表面,且具有较好的稳定性。
[Abstract]:Superhydrophobic surfaces have a wide range of applications due to their strong hydrophobicity. At present, research on superhydrophobic surfaces has made some progress in basic theory, preparation methods and application properties. However, the study of superhydrophobic surface ice suppression performance is not enough and systematic, which is a field that needs to be further improved in the research of superhydrophobic materials. Therefore, on the basis of summarizing and analyzing the literature, this paper studies the ice-suppressive properties of superhydrophobic surfaces under the conditions of drip and condensate ice, and analyzes the microstructural characteristics of superhydrophobic surfaces by observing and analyzing the microstructures of superhydrophobic surfaces. The wettability of superhydrophobic surface under normal and condensing conditions was analyzed and discussed, and the mechanism of ice inhibition on superhydrophobic surface was analyzed and discussed in combination with the model. The main research contents and innovations are as follows: (1) A novel and simple preparation method was proposed to prepare superhydrophobic surfaces with micro-nano binary structure on (LDPE) substrates of low density polyethylene (LDPE). The contact angle of the surface is 155 卤2 掳and the rolling angle is only 4 掳. The ice inhibition properties of the superhydrophobic LDPE surface were studied. The results showed that the superhydrophobic LDPE surface maintained a good ice inhibition property both under drip ice condition and condensation water ice condition. In order to compare the ice inhibition properties of the leaves of weeping willow and banana leaves, the ice inhibition properties of the three superhydrophobic surfaces were studied. The results showed that the ice inhibition was not only under drip ice condition, but also under condensate water ice condition. The ice inhibition performance of the leaves was better than that of pansy petals, weeping willow leaves and banana leaves. Through careful observation and analysis of the microstructures of leaf surfaces and wettability of the five plants under normal and condensing conditions and the establishment of corresponding models, the reasons for the differences in the ice inhibition properties of different plant surfaces were explained. The conclusion is as follows: the higher the micrometer scale structure of superhydrophobic surface is, the richer the nano-scale structure is, the better the superhydrophobicity of superhydrophobic surface is, and the better the ice inhibition performance is under the condition of condensation. However, the higher the height of the superhydrophobic surface is, the less the nanostructure is, the worse the hydrophobicity of the superhydrophobic surface is, and the worse the ice inhibition performance is. (3) the template method is used to duplicate the structure twice. The surface structures of the five plants were prepared on the LDPE substrate, which were similar to those of the five plants, I. e., Calyx calyx, reflex mosaic, weeping willow leaf, banana leaf and pansy petal. The surface structure and ice inhibition properties of the five plants were characterized and studied. The experimental results show that the hydrophobic LDPE surface of Ye Chao is superior to that of the ordinary LDPE surface and has good stability.
【学位授予单位】：湖南工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB306

【相似文献】