石墨烯、硅量子点支撑钯纳米材料的制备和应用研究

发布时间：2018-10-31 08:43

【摘要】：第一章：绪论。对量子点的性质、制备方法、功能性修饰及表征做了简要概述；随后,着重对石墨烯量子点、硅量子点的制备和应用进行了叙述,并对贵金属钯纳米材料进行了描述；最后,对本论文的立体背景、研究内容以及创新点进行了概括性综述。第二章：石墨烯量子点的制备及应用。以柠檬酸和NaOH作原料,采用一步熔融法合成了石墨烯量子点。随后,使用交联剂EDS和NHS将其与1,6-己二胺结合,得到了氨基化的石墨烯量子点,通过紫外-可见光谱和荧光光谱对其进行表征。利用氨基化的石墨烯量子点对对苯二酚进行了荧光检测,线性范围为1.0×10-7～5.0×10-6mol/L,检测限为4.2×10-9mol/L。第三章：石墨烯量子点/钯纳米材料的制备及应用。本章以氨基化石墨烯量子点作为支撑材料,制备了石墨烯量子点/钯纳米复合材料,并通过红外光谱、透射电镜和电化学对其进行了表征。利用此材料对甲酸进行了电化学检测,测得氧化峰电流与甲酸浓度在一定范围内呈线性关系,其线性方程为：Ip(A)=3×10-5+0.0696 C (mol/L),线性范围为：3×10-3～10-2mol/L。第四章：采用微乳法制备了烯丙胺修饰的硅量子点。通过紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光光谱和红外光谱对其光学性能进行了表征,通过透射电镜对其形貌进行了表征,测得其荧光量子产率为10.06%,荧光寿命为τ1=3.1982 ns,τ2=12.4527 ns。第五章：硅量子点及硅量子点／钯纳米材料的应用。依据硅量子点的光学性质,并首次制备了硅量子点支撑钯纳米粒子材料。我们通过量子点的浓度实现了钯纳米粒子形貌和尺寸的有效控制。结果表明我们制备的钯纳米材料具有较好的分散性,在有机催化和能源转化领域具有潜在的应用价值。并利用烯丙胺修饰的硅量子点对葡萄糖进行了检测,其线性范围为1.0×10-4～6.0×10-3 mol/L。第六章,结论和展望。对本论文所做的工作和下一步计划进行了总结,对本课题的前景做了概括。
[Abstract]:Chapter one: introduction. The properties, preparation methods, functional modification and characterization of quantum dots are briefly reviewed, and then the preparation and application of graphene quantum dots and silicon quantum dots are described, and the noble metal palladium nanomaterials are described. Finally, the paper summarizes the three-dimensional background, research content and innovation. Chapter 2: preparation and application of graphene quantum dots. Graphene quantum dots were synthesized by one step melting method using citric acid and NaOH as raw materials. Subsequently, the amino graphene quantum dots were obtained by using crosslinker EDS and NHS to bind to 1hexanediamine. The QDs were characterized by UV-Vis spectra and fluorescence spectra. The fluorescence detection of hydroquinone was carried out by using amino graphene quantum dots. The linear range was 1.0 脳 10 -7N 5.0 脳 10 -6 mol / L, and the detection limit was 4.2 脳 10 -9 mol / L. Chapter 3: preparation and application of graphene quantum dots / palladium nanomaterials. In this chapter, graphene quantum dots / palladium nanocomposites were prepared and characterized by infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and electrochemistry. The electrochemical detection of formic acid by this material shows that the oxidation peak current is linear with the concentration of formic acid in a certain range, and the linear equation is: Ip (A) = 3 脳 10 ~ (-5) 0.0696 C (mol/L). The linear range is 3 脳 10 ~ (-3) mol / L ~ (-2) mol / L. In chapter 4, allylamine modified silicon quantum dots were prepared by microemulsion method. The optical properties were characterized by UV-Vis absorption spectra, fluorescence spectra and infrared spectra. The morphology of the films was characterized by transmission electron microscope. The fluorescence quantum yield was 10.06 and the fluorescence lifetime was 蟿 1 ~ 3.1982 ns,. 蟿 2n 12.4527 ns. Chapter 5: the application of silicon quantum dots and silicon quantum dots / palladium nanomaterials. Based on the optical properties of silicon quantum dots, the palladium nanoparticles supported by silicon quantum dots were prepared for the first time. We have realized the effective control of the morphology and size of palladium nanoparticles by the concentration of quantum dots. The results show that the palladium nanomaterials prepared by our method have good dispersion and potential applications in organic catalysis and energy conversion. Glucose was detected with allylamine modified silicon quantum dots. The linear range was 1.0 脳 10 ~ (-4) 渭 m ~ (-1) 脳 10 ~ (-3) mol/L.. Chapter VI, conclusions and prospects. This paper summarizes the work done and the next step plan, and summarizes the prospect of this topic.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1

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