单分散纳米粒子的表面修饰及机理研究
发布时间：2018-11-02 14:46
【摘要】：探索单分散无机纳米粒子的可控制备方法并对其表面进行修饰以及对其尺度、形貌、表面结构以及分散性能进行调控已成为纳米科学领域的研究热点之一。本论文围绕四氧化三铁和银展开研究,首先合成出单分散的Fe3O4和Ag纳米粒子,然后利用初始粒子的表面性质,分别进行无机和有机高分子的包覆,发展新颖结构无机纳米粒子的控制合成方法、探索其生长机制,构建了种子法微乳溶剂热体系合成特定形貌四氧化三铁纳米粒子和一釜法原位自由基引发聚合得到无机/聚合物复合结构的新方法。通过油酸辅助的微乳溶剂热法得到了各向异性的Fe3O4纳米晶体:六边形和三角形的Fe3O4纳米片。利用四氧化三铁纳米粒子的尺度和分散性能,以其为种子分散在微乳液中,通过二次生长得到了各向异性的Fe3O4纳米晶体。调节实验参数,可分别得到Fe3O4的三角形和六边形纳米片。探讨了不同形貌纳米晶的形成机制,研究了纳米晶的成核、生长以及晶体缺陷诱导生长过程中晶面的产生和消失对最终形貌的影响,对立方晶系无机纳米粒子的三角形和六边形形貌提供了统一的,可信的解释。在不加任何溶剂、表面活性剂和引发剂的情况下,利用羧基与贵金属盐氧化还原过程中原位产生的稳定自由基的催化性能,成功发展了一种一釜两步法制备Ag/聚油酸和Ag/聚十一烯酸纳米复合结构的新方法。利用油酸含双键、不易聚合的特点,先后作为还原剂、表面活性剂、聚合单体,催化双键聚合得到链状聚合物包裹单分散无机纳米粒子的纳米复合材料,此材料具有特殊的分散性能,利用链状高分子的相互作用较弱的特点,可控制条件转变为两维的片状纳米复合结构。此方法广泛适用于贵金属盐与含不饱和键的脂肪酸的体系,通过改变脂肪酸的链长、官能团类型,可对复合材料的分散性能进行调节,在催化、光学等领域具有潜在的应用价值,为制备具有不同分散性能的无机/聚合物纳米材料提供了新思路。
[Abstract]:It has become one of the hotspots in nanoscience to explore the controllable preparation methods of monodisperse inorganic nanoparticles and to modify their surface and regulate their scale, morphology, surface structure and dispersion properties. In this paper, the monodisperse Fe3O4 and Ag nanoparticles were synthesized by focusing on Fe _ 2O _ 4 and Ag, and then coated with inorganic and organic polymers using the surface properties of the initial particles. To develop a new controlled synthesis method of inorganic nanoparticles with novel structure, and to explore its growth mechanism, A new method for the synthesis of Fe _ 2O _ 4 nanoparticles with specific morphology by seeded microemulsion solvothermal system and in situ free-radical initiation polymerization by one-pot method was developed to obtain inorganic / polymer composite structure. Anisotropic Fe3O4 nanocrystals, hexagonal and triangular Fe3O4 nanocrystals, were obtained by oleic acid assisted microemulsion solvothermal method. The anisotropic Fe3O4 nanocrystalline was obtained by the second growth of Fe _ 2O _ 3 nanoparticles, which were dispersed in the microemulsion by using the scale and dispersion properties of Fe _ 2O _ 3 nanoparticles. The triangular and hexagonal nanocrystals of Fe3O4 can be obtained by adjusting the experimental parameters. The formation mechanism of nanocrystals with different morphologies was discussed. The effect of nucleation and growth of nanocrystals and the formation and disappearance of crystal planes on the final morphology of nanocrystals during the growth process induced by crystal defects were studied. The triangular and hexagonal morphologies of the opposite square system inorganic nanoparticles provide a unified and credible explanation. Without any solvent, surfactant or initiator, the catalytic properties of stable free radicals produced in situ during the redox process of carboxyl and noble metal salts, A new method of preparing Ag/ poly (oleic acid) and Ag/ polyundecenoic acid nanostructures by one pot two step method was developed successfully. Taking advantage of the characteristics of oleic acid which contains double bonds and is not easy to be polymerized, it has been used as reducing agent, surfactant, polymeric monomer, and catalytic double bond polymerization to obtain chain polymer coated monodisperse inorganic nanoparticles nanocomposites. The material has special dispersion property and can be changed into two dimensional flake nanocomposite structure by using the weak interaction of chain polymer. This method is widely used in the system of noble metal salts and fatty acids containing unsaturated bonds. By changing the chain length and functional group type of fatty acids, the dispersion properties of the composites can be adjusted and catalyzed. Optics and other fields have potential application value and provide a new idea for the preparation of inorganic / polymer nanomaterials with different dispersion properties.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1
本文编号：2306105
[Abstract]:It has become one of the hotspots in nanoscience to explore the controllable preparation methods of monodisperse inorganic nanoparticles and to modify their surface and regulate their scale, morphology, surface structure and dispersion properties. In this paper, the monodisperse Fe3O4 and Ag nanoparticles were synthesized by focusing on Fe _ 2O _ 4 and Ag, and then coated with inorganic and organic polymers using the surface properties of the initial particles. To develop a new controlled synthesis method of inorganic nanoparticles with novel structure, and to explore its growth mechanism, A new method for the synthesis of Fe _ 2O _ 4 nanoparticles with specific morphology by seeded microemulsion solvothermal system and in situ free-radical initiation polymerization by one-pot method was developed to obtain inorganic / polymer composite structure. Anisotropic Fe3O4 nanocrystals, hexagonal and triangular Fe3O4 nanocrystals, were obtained by oleic acid assisted microemulsion solvothermal method. The anisotropic Fe3O4 nanocrystalline was obtained by the second growth of Fe _ 2O _ 3 nanoparticles, which were dispersed in the microemulsion by using the scale and dispersion properties of Fe _ 2O _ 3 nanoparticles. The triangular and hexagonal nanocrystals of Fe3O4 can be obtained by adjusting the experimental parameters. The formation mechanism of nanocrystals with different morphologies was discussed. The effect of nucleation and growth of nanocrystals and the formation and disappearance of crystal planes on the final morphology of nanocrystals during the growth process induced by crystal defects were studied. The triangular and hexagonal morphologies of the opposite square system inorganic nanoparticles provide a unified and credible explanation. Without any solvent, surfactant or initiator, the catalytic properties of stable free radicals produced in situ during the redox process of carboxyl and noble metal salts, A new method of preparing Ag/ poly (oleic acid) and Ag/ polyundecenoic acid nanostructures by one pot two step method was developed successfully. Taking advantage of the characteristics of oleic acid which contains double bonds and is not easy to be polymerized, it has been used as reducing agent, surfactant, polymeric monomer, and catalytic double bond polymerization to obtain chain polymer coated monodisperse inorganic nanoparticles nanocomposites. The material has special dispersion property and can be changed into two dimensional flake nanocomposite structure by using the weak interaction of chain polymer. This method is widely used in the system of noble metal salts and fatty acids containing unsaturated bonds. By changing the chain length and functional group type of fatty acids, the dispersion properties of the composites can be adjusted and catalyzed. Optics and other fields have potential application value and provide a new idea for the preparation of inorganic / polymer nanomaterials with different dispersion properties.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1
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1 魏瑞雪;单分散纳米粒子的表面修饰及机理研究[D];郑州大学;2015年
，本文编号：2306105
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