纳米TiCp、SiCp增强2014Al复合材料制备与复合构型设计
发布时间：2018-11-07 13:53
【摘要】：纳米颗粒增强铝基复合材料因其优异的力学性能而受到越来越多的关注，但是它的制备仍然存在诸如增强颗粒分散均匀性等许多亟待解决的问题。合理的陶瓷颗粒加入量可以减少纳米颗粒的团聚现象，进而使复合材料获得优异的综合性能。因此，优化出合理的纳米颗粒加入量对铝基复合材料制备具有重要意义。此外，人们还从生物仿生角度来设计颗粒增强铝基复合材料，基于贝壳结构的仿生材料因其优异的综合性能而具有广泛的应用前景，但是该方面的研究依然较少。 本文利用粉末烧结法制备了纳米TiCp增强2014Al复合材料，研究了纳米TiCp含量对复合材料组织和拉伸性能的影响规律，优化出了TiCp最佳加入量。同时，受到贝壳结构的启发，我们还尝试通过轧制法制备了两种层状铝基复合材料，研究了层状铝基复合材料的组织和拉伸性能，并优化了制备工艺。主要结论如下： (1)粉末冶金法制备的TiCp/2014Al复合材料组织致密、气孔率较低，纳米TiCp呈网状分布；随着纳米TiCp加入量从0vol.%增加到5vol.%，晶界处的纳米TiCp团聚变得严重，复合材料的孔隙率也会变高；TiCp/2014Al复合材料热挤压后，材料更加致密，气孔率减小，复合材料中纳米TiCp分布更加均匀，并且沿着挤压方向分布。 (2)随着纳米TiCp加入量从0vol.%增加到5vol.%，TiCp/2014Al复合材料的室温极限抗拉强度先增大后减小，延伸率逐渐减小；纳米TiCp较佳加入量为3vol.%，此时复合材料的屈服强度和极限抗拉强度分别由合金基体的290MPa和455MPa提高到320MPa和509MPa，延伸率则由18.0%降低到16.5%。 (3)运用粉末冶金法和轧制法制备了SiCp/2014Al三明治复合材料；与2014Al基体相比，三明治复合材料的室温和高温极抗拉强度都得到提高，延伸率有所下降；在室温拉伸时，构型C(复合材料层厚:基体层厚:复合材料层厚=1:1:1)三明治复合材料具有较佳的综合拉伸性能，屈服强度和极限抗拉强度分别由基体的257MPa和425MPa提高到287MPa和470MPa，，延伸率则从20.3%下降到18.6%；在200℃拉伸时，构型E(基体层厚:复合材料层厚:基体层厚=1:4:1)三明治复合材料具有较佳的综合拉伸性能，屈服强度和极限抗拉强度分由基体的237MPa和305MPa提高到271MPa和326MPa，延伸率由21.8%下降到16.9%。 (4)运用累积叠轧法和烧结法制备了TiCp/1060Al多层复合材料，随着轧制变形量增加，1060Al多层材料和TiCp/1060Al多层复合材料拉伸强度提高；当在铝箔表面涂覆适量Cu粉并且提高烧结温度后，1060Al多层材料和TiCp/1060Al多层复合材料的屈服强度和极限抗拉强度得到较大提高；当轧制变形量为90%、烧结温度为525℃，TiCp/1060Al多层复合材料的屈服强度和极限抗拉强度较佳，分别由基体的113MPa和141MPa提高到134MPa和158MPa，延伸率则从12.2%下降到10.7%。
[Abstract]:Nano-particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites have attracted more and more attention due to their excellent mechanical properties. However, there are still many problems to be solved in the preparation of nano-particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites, such as enhancing the dispersion uniformity of particles. Reasonable addition of ceramic particles can reduce the agglomeration of nano-particles and make the composites obtain excellent comprehensive properties. Therefore, it is of great significance to optimize the amount of nano-particles in the preparation of Al-matrix composites. In addition, particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites are designed from the biomimetic point of view. Because of their excellent comprehensive properties, shell structure biomimetic materials have a wide application prospect, but the research in this field is still less. In this paper, nanometer TiCp reinforced 2014Al composites were prepared by powder sintering method. The effect of TiCp content on the microstructure and tensile properties of the composites was studied. The optimum addition amount of TiCp was optimized. At the same time, inspired by shell structure, we also tried to prepare two kinds of layered aluminum matrix composites by rolling method. The microstructure and tensile properties of layered aluminum matrix composites were studied, and the preparation process was optimized. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) TiCp/2014Al composites prepared by powder metallurgy have dense microstructure and low porosity, and TiCp nanoparticles are reticulated; With the increase of nano TiCp content from 0 vol.% to 5 vol.%, the agglomeration of nano TiCp at grain boundary becomes serious, and the porosity of the composite becomes higher. After hot extrusion, the TiCp/2014Al composites became denser, the porosity decreased, and the distribution of nano-TiCp in the composites was more uniform and distributed along the extrusion direction. (2) with the increase of nano TiCp content from 0 vol.% to 5 vol.%, the ultimate tensile strength of TiCp / 2014Al composites at room temperature first increases and then decreases, and the elongation decreases gradually; The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the composites were increased from 290MPa and 455MPa to 320MPa and 509MPa, respectively, and the elongation decreased from 18.0% to 16.5 MPA. (3) the SiCp/2014Al sandwich composites were prepared by powder metallurgy and rolling, and the tensile strength at room temperature and high temperature of the sandwich composites increased and the elongation decreased compared with the 2014Al matrix. At room temperature, the composite sandwich C (composite layer thickness: Matrix layer thickness: composite layer thickness = 1:1:1) has better comprehensive tensile properties. The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength increased from 257MPa and 425MPa to 287MPa and 470 MPA, respectively, and the elongation decreased from 20.3% to 18.6 MPA. When tensile temperature was 200 鈩
本文编号：2316563
[Abstract]:Nano-particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites have attracted more and more attention due to their excellent mechanical properties. However, there are still many problems to be solved in the preparation of nano-particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites, such as enhancing the dispersion uniformity of particles. Reasonable addition of ceramic particles can reduce the agglomeration of nano-particles and make the composites obtain excellent comprehensive properties. Therefore, it is of great significance to optimize the amount of nano-particles in the preparation of Al-matrix composites. In addition, particle reinforced aluminum matrix composites are designed from the biomimetic point of view. Because of their excellent comprehensive properties, shell structure biomimetic materials have a wide application prospect, but the research in this field is still less. In this paper, nanometer TiCp reinforced 2014Al composites were prepared by powder sintering method. The effect of TiCp content on the microstructure and tensile properties of the composites was studied. The optimum addition amount of TiCp was optimized. At the same time, inspired by shell structure, we also tried to prepare two kinds of layered aluminum matrix composites by rolling method. The microstructure and tensile properties of layered aluminum matrix composites were studied, and the preparation process was optimized. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) TiCp/2014Al composites prepared by powder metallurgy have dense microstructure and low porosity, and TiCp nanoparticles are reticulated; With the increase of nano TiCp content from 0 vol.% to 5 vol.%, the agglomeration of nano TiCp at grain boundary becomes serious, and the porosity of the composite becomes higher. After hot extrusion, the TiCp/2014Al composites became denser, the porosity decreased, and the distribution of nano-TiCp in the composites was more uniform and distributed along the extrusion direction. (2) with the increase of nano TiCp content from 0 vol.% to 5 vol.%, the ultimate tensile strength of TiCp / 2014Al composites at room temperature first increases and then decreases, and the elongation decreases gradually; The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the composites were increased from 290MPa and 455MPa to 320MPa and 509MPa, respectively, and the elongation decreased from 18.0% to 16.5 MPA. (3) the SiCp/2014Al sandwich composites were prepared by powder metallurgy and rolling, and the tensile strength at room temperature and high temperature of the sandwich composites increased and the elongation decreased compared with the 2014Al matrix. At room temperature, the composite sandwich C (composite layer thickness: Matrix layer thickness: composite layer thickness = 1:1:1) has better comprehensive tensile properties. The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength increased from 257MPa and 425MPa to 287MPa and 470 MPA, respectively, and the elongation decreased from 20.3% to 18.6 MPA. When tensile temperature was 200 鈩
本文编号：2316563
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/cailiaohuaxuelunwen/2316563.html
