两种方法制备纳米银和金及各自应用研究

发布时间：2018-11-15 06:57

【摘要】：贵金属银和金纳米颗粒在催化,光学和生物系统中有很大的应用前景。近几十年来受到了广泛的关注与研究,并且出现了许多关于贵金属纳米颗粒的合成方法与性能的研究。纳米材料的合成方法有种子生长法、模板法、电化学合成法、生物合成法等。本文采用了生物合成法制备纳米银颗粒,并且探究了芦荟叶生长状况、硝酸银浓度、反应温度、时间对纳米银颗粒形成的影响。之后将所得纳米银固载到新型鸡蛋膜创可贴表面,比较新型创可贴和市售创可贴大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌抗菌效果的差异,结果表明新型鸡蛋膜创可贴抗菌性能比市售创可贴更加优异。本文还用芦荟叶提取液为微环境制备了纳米金颗粒,简单地探究了氯金酸的量对纳米金的影响。另外本文还用十六烷基三甲基溴化钠为保护剂,利用种子生长法制备纳米金,得到的短棒状、长棒状、球状、枝状、枕头状等不同形貌的纳米金颗粒,并且将这些纳米金颗粒固载到葡萄糖生物传感器的电极表面上,探究其电化学催化性能并取得了良好的实验效果。主要研究内容如下： (1)芦荟叶提取液为反应环境制备纳米银,将纳米银固载到鸡蛋膜上制备新型创可贴,并测试其抗菌性能。 (2)芦荟叶提取液制备纳米金颗粒。 (3)种子生长法制备纳米金颗粒。用氯金酸为纳米金颗粒的反应前身物,以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为模板导向剂,通过控制纳米金种子、氯金酸、还原剂抗坏血酸、参杂银离子的含量,得到等不同形貌的纳米金颗粒。 (4)制备葡萄糖氧化酶生物传感器,并将种子生长法制备得到的纳米金固载到电极表面。探究纳米金具有良好的电化学催化性能和不同形貌的纳米金催化性能不
[Abstract]:Noble metal silver and gold nanoparticles have great potential applications in catalysis, optics and biological systems. In recent decades, many researches have been paid to the synthesis and properties of noble metal nanoparticles. The synthesis methods of nanomaterials include seed growth method, template method, electrochemical synthesis method, biosynthesis method and so on. In this paper, silver nanoparticles were prepared by biosynthesis, and the effects of the growth of aloe leaves, the concentration of silver nitrate, reaction temperature and time on the formation of silver nanoparticles were investigated. After immobilization of the obtained nano-silver onto the new egg membrane, the antibacterial effects of the new type of band-aid and the commercial band-Aid Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were compared. The results showed that the antibacterial property of the new egg film was better than that of the commercial band-aid. In this paper, the gold nanoparticles were prepared by using aloe leaf extract as microenvironment, and the effect of the amount of chlorgold acid on the gold nanoparticles was investigated. In addition, using cetyltrimethyl sodium bromide as protective agent, nanocrystalline gold was prepared by seed growth method. The nanocrystalline gold particles with different morphologies, such as short rod, long rod, spherical, branched, pillow-shaped and so on, were prepared. The gold nanoparticles were immobilized on the electrode surface of glucose biosensor, and the electrochemical catalytic performance was investigated and good experimental results were obtained. The main contents are as follows: (1) Aloe leaf extract was used as the reaction environment to prepare silver nanoparticles. The silver nanoparticles were immobilized on the egg film to prepare a new type of band-aid and its antibacterial properties were tested. (2) Aloe leaf extract to prepare gold nanoparticles. (3) preparation of gold nanoparticles by seed growth method. Chlorgold acid was used as precursor of gold nanoparticles, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide was used as template guide, and the content of nano-gold seeds, chlorgold acid, reducing agent ascorbic acid, and silver ions were controlled. Nanocrystalline gold particles with different morphologies were obtained. (4) the glucose oxidase biosensor was prepared, and the nanocrystalline gold fixation prepared by seed growth method was applied to the electrode surface. Study on Nano-gold with good Electrochemical Catalytic performance and different Morphology of Nano-gold Catalytic performance
【学位授予单位】：海南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1

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