铂型离子聚合物金属复合材料的基本电学性能研究
发布时间：2018-11-21 17:01
【摘要】：离子聚合物金属复合材料(Ionic Polymer Metal Composite,IPMC)是一种新颖的智能材料,它既具备良好的驱动特性,也表现出一定的传感能力,在医疗、仿生和MEMS应用等方面具有广阔的发展前景。本文针对IPMC的基本电学性能进行理论研究和实验验证,主要的研究工作以及研究成果如下:基本力学性能方面:采用化学沉积法制备铂型、银型和添加碳纳米管的IPMC试样,确定其在常温常压下含水率与时间的关系;通过拉伸实验取得各种类型IPMC的弹性模量;通过动态力学性能实验,给出不同频率、不同温度的实验条件下各型IPMC的储存模量、损耗模量等参数,确定IPMC在振动载荷下的动态模量及力学损耗与温度的关系。同时采用EDS方法测定了各型IPMC中的电极分布情况。综合考虑,铂型IPMC的性能较为突出,作为重点进行研究。基本电学性能实验与模型研究方面:使用电化学工作站分别在去离子水和稀硫酸两种溶液中对铂型IPMC试样进行实验,取得其电化学阻抗谱,考察电极和界面对IPMC电学参数的影响;以双电层模型为基础,考虑离子迁移和扩散两种过程,结合电极(铂金属颗粒)在基体中的梯度分布形式,建立起包含表面电阻、扩散层电容、Warburg阻抗等电路元件的电学模型。对比IPMC电学响应实验,结果表明其表面电阻越小,输出电压越高,扩散层电容越大,响应时间越长。电学响应实验与模型研究方面:采用四点弯曲梁提供IPMC弯曲所需的弯矩,考察阶跃激励和正弦激励时的IPMC输出电压情况,得到IPMC灵敏系数(电压/应变)随频率变化曲线。结果表明IPMC电压输出具有明显的延迟现象,且激励频率5Hz附近具有较高的灵敏系数,可达0.35558mV/2000με。由大变形理论给出IPMC弯曲曲率与压力之间的关系,基于不可逆热力学理论建立IPMC内压力与输出电压关系,由此建立IPMC电学响应模型,描述IPMC的弯曲曲率与两表面间输出电压之间的比例关系。研究结果表明:建立的电学响应模型能够较理想得预测IPMC弯曲时两表面间输出电压。正弦周期激励下IPMC电荷输出的实验与模型研究方面:将Kirchhoff-Love板理论应用于IPMC的机械振动。用Poisson-Nernst-Planck模型表示由于时变机械变形引起的IPMC中电荷和电势的变化。研究了在水下激励时IPMC的化学-力-电响应的模型。实验测量在正弦周期激励时IPMC的开路电压和短路电流,由此研究其周期激励信号下的电荷输出变化规律,并与理论值进行对比。测试结果表明,选择合适的负载导纳时,输出功率达到最大值。本文围绕着IPMC的基本电学性能开展基础研究方面的工作,通过理论建模和实验手段,积累IPMC在弯曲状态下的电学响应研究成果,以期推动其功能器件化。本文研究工作是在国家自然科学基金项目“离子聚合物金属复合材料的力学行为研究”(项目批准号:11372132)的资助下完成的。
[Abstract]:Ionic polymer metal composite (Ionic Polymer Metal Composite,IPMC) is a novel intelligent material, which has good driving characteristics and sensing ability. It has a broad development prospect in medical treatment, biomimetic and MEMS applications. In this paper, the basic electrical properties of IPMC are studied theoretically and experimentally. The main research work and results are as follows: basic mechanical properties: platinum, silver and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) IPMC samples were prepared by chemical deposition method. The relationship between water content and time at room temperature and atmospheric pressure is determined. The elastic modulus of various types of IPMC was obtained by tensile test. Through dynamic mechanical performance experiments, the storage modulus and loss modulus of IPMC under different frequency and temperature are given, and the dynamic modulus of IPMC under vibration load and the relationship between mechanical loss and temperature are determined. At the same time, the electrode distribution in various types of IPMC was determined by EDS method. Considering synthetically, the performance of platinum type IPMC is more outstanding. Experimental and model study on basic electrical properties: platinum type IPMC samples were tested in deionized water and dilute sulfuric acid solution with electrochemical workstation, and their electrochemical impedance spectra were obtained. The effects of electrode and interface on the electrical parameters of IPMC were investigated. Based on the double layer model, considering the ion migration and diffusion processes, and combining the gradient distribution of electrode (platinum particle) in the matrix, an electrical model including surface resistance, diffusion layer capacitance, Warburg impedance and other circuit elements is established. Compared with the IPMC electrical response experiment, the results show that the smaller the surface resistance, the higher the output voltage, the larger the capacitance of diffusion layer and the longer the response time. Electrical response experiment and model study: the four-point bending beam is used to provide the bending moment required for IPMC bending. The output voltage of IPMC under step excitation and sinusoidal excitation is investigated. The curve of IPMC sensitivity coefficient (voltage / strain) varying with frequency is obtained. The results show that the IPMC voltage output has obvious delay phenomenon, and the excitation frequency near 5Hz has a high sensitivity coefficient, which can reach 0.35558mV/2000 渭 蔚. Based on the theory of large deformation, the relationship between bending curvature and pressure of IPMC is given. Based on the irreversible thermodynamics theory, the relation between internal pressure and output voltage of IPMC is established, and the electrical response model of IPMC is established. The relationship between the bending curvature of IPMC and the output voltage between the two surfaces is described. The results show that the proposed electrical response model can predict the output voltage between the two surfaces during IPMC bending. Experimental and model study of IPMC charge output under sinusoidal periodic excitation: the Kirchhoff-Love plate theory is applied to the mechanical vibration of IPMC. The Poisson-Nernst-Planck model is used to express the change of electric charge and potential in IPMC caused by time-varying mechanical deformation. The chemical-mechanical-electric response model of IPMC under underwater excitation is studied. The open circuit voltage and short circuit current of IPMC under sinusoidal periodic excitation are measured experimentally. The law of charge output under periodic excitation is studied and compared with the theoretical values. The test results show that the output power reaches the maximum when the appropriate load admittance is selected. In this paper, the basic research work on the basic electrical properties of IPMC is carried out. Through theoretical modeling and experimental means, the research results of electrical response of IPMC under bending state are accumulated in order to promote its functional device. This paper is supported by the project of National Natural Science Foundation "study on Mechanical behavior of Ionic Polymer Metal Composites" (Project Grant No. 11372132).
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB381
[Abstract]:Ionic polymer metal composite (Ionic Polymer Metal Composite,IPMC) is a novel intelligent material, which has good driving characteristics and sensing ability. It has a broad development prospect in medical treatment, biomimetic and MEMS applications. In this paper, the basic electrical properties of IPMC are studied theoretically and experimentally. The main research work and results are as follows: basic mechanical properties: platinum, silver and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) IPMC samples were prepared by chemical deposition method. The relationship between water content and time at room temperature and atmospheric pressure is determined. The elastic modulus of various types of IPMC was obtained by tensile test. Through dynamic mechanical performance experiments, the storage modulus and loss modulus of IPMC under different frequency and temperature are given, and the dynamic modulus of IPMC under vibration load and the relationship between mechanical loss and temperature are determined. At the same time, the electrode distribution in various types of IPMC was determined by EDS method. Considering synthetically, the performance of platinum type IPMC is more outstanding. Experimental and model study on basic electrical properties: platinum type IPMC samples were tested in deionized water and dilute sulfuric acid solution with electrochemical workstation, and their electrochemical impedance spectra were obtained. The effects of electrode and interface on the electrical parameters of IPMC were investigated. Based on the double layer model, considering the ion migration and diffusion processes, and combining the gradient distribution of electrode (platinum particle) in the matrix, an electrical model including surface resistance, diffusion layer capacitance, Warburg impedance and other circuit elements is established. Compared with the IPMC electrical response experiment, the results show that the smaller the surface resistance, the higher the output voltage, the larger the capacitance of diffusion layer and the longer the response time. Electrical response experiment and model study: the four-point bending beam is used to provide the bending moment required for IPMC bending. The output voltage of IPMC under step excitation and sinusoidal excitation is investigated. The curve of IPMC sensitivity coefficient (voltage / strain) varying with frequency is obtained. The results show that the IPMC voltage output has obvious delay phenomenon, and the excitation frequency near 5Hz has a high sensitivity coefficient, which can reach 0.35558mV/2000 渭 蔚. Based on the theory of large deformation, the relationship between bending curvature and pressure of IPMC is given. Based on the irreversible thermodynamics theory, the relation between internal pressure and output voltage of IPMC is established, and the electrical response model of IPMC is established. The relationship between the bending curvature of IPMC and the output voltage between the two surfaces is described. The results show that the proposed electrical response model can predict the output voltage between the two surfaces during IPMC bending. Experimental and model study of IPMC charge output under sinusoidal periodic excitation: the Kirchhoff-Love plate theory is applied to the mechanical vibration of IPMC. The Poisson-Nernst-Planck model is used to express the change of electric charge and potential in IPMC caused by time-varying mechanical deformation. The chemical-mechanical-electric response model of IPMC under underwater excitation is studied. The open circuit voltage and short circuit current of IPMC under sinusoidal periodic excitation are measured experimentally. The law of charge output under periodic excitation is studied and compared with the theoretical values. The test results show that the output power reaches the maximum when the appropriate load admittance is selected. In this paper, the basic research work on the basic electrical properties of IPMC is carried out. Through theoretical modeling and experimental means, the research results of electrical response of IPMC under bending state are accumulated in order to promote its functional device. This paper is supported by the project of National Natural Science Foundation "study on Mechanical behavior of Ionic Polymer Metal Composites" (Project Grant No. 11372132).
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB381
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