功能化（类）石墨烯纳米复合材料在常见污染物检测、吸附中的应用
发布时间：2018-11-23 11:18
【摘要】：伴随城市化、工业化的不断扩张,非农业灌溉水的使用急剧增加,导致大量的重金属、抗生素、有毒染料等污染物通过生活污水和工业废水进入水体中,不仅对环境造成了巨大的破坏,而且严重危害着人类和动物的健康。因此,对水体中污染物的检测和治理至关重要。(类)石墨烯材料和自掺杂聚苯胺均具有大π键共轭体系。若将这两种材料采用某一些途径进行复合,可制成新的功能化材料。该材料可通过两种材料之间的电子传递,实现材料之间的性能互补,从而进一步增强新型材料的性能,同时这也规避了(类)石墨烯因其紧密堆积的结构特征而造成的团聚,避免因为团聚所导致(类)石墨烯丧失单层分子的独特性能。(类)石墨烯-自掺杂聚苯胺纳米材料由于其具有大的表面积、高的电化学性能和低的制作成本等优点,在电化学传感材料和吸附剂材料方面得到了越来越多的关注。基于此,本论文采用液相剥离法、化学法和冷冻／解冻法成功制备了氧化石墨烯-自掺杂聚苯胺纳米材料、氧化石墨烯-自掺杂聚苯胺-聚乙烯醇复合水凝胶以及二硫化钼-自掺杂聚苯胺纳米材料,并将其分别应用于重金属离子、抗生素小分子的电化学检测和染料分子的吸附中,详细的研究成果如下：(])采用液相剥离法成功制备了新颖的氧化石墨烯-自掺杂聚苯胺(GNO-SPAN)纳米复合材料。通过扫描电镜(SEM)和循环伏安法(CV)对GNO-SPAN纳米材料的结构特征和电化学性质进行了表征。基于GNO-SPAN纳米材料大的有效面积、强的导电性和高的稳定性,构建了铅、镉离子和氯霉素电化学传感平台,实现了对溶液中铅、镉离子的同步检测和氯霉素的高灵敏检测。(2)采用简单的化学法和冷冻/解冻方法制备了一种新颖的氧化石墨烯-自掺杂聚苯胺-聚乙烯醇(GNO-SPAN-PVA)三维复合水凝胶。该三维复合水凝胶具有丰富的负电荷和大的表面积,可作为亚甲基蓝等阳离子染料的有效的吸附剂。研究了GNO-SPAN-PVA复合水凝胶对亚甲基蓝(MB)和番红花红-T(Safranine-T)两种阳离子染料的吸附和再生性吸附性能,为污水中染料的吸附处理提供了理论基础。(3)通过绿色简单的液相剥离法制备了一种新颖的二硫化钼-自掺杂聚苯胺(MoS2-SPAN)纳米复合材料,这种材料具有大的有效面积和高的稳定性,对铅离子呈现出良好的导电性和吸附性。通过扫描电子显微镜、傅氏转换红外线光谱和循环伏安法对二硫化钼-自掺杂聚苯胺复合材料进行表征。基于MoS2-SPAN大的比表面积和好的协同效应,实现了对铅离子的高灵敏检测。
[Abstract]:With the continuous expansion of urbanization and industrialization, the use of non-agricultural irrigation water increased sharply, resulting in a large number of heavy metals, antibiotics, toxic dyes and other pollutants through domestic sewage and industrial wastewater into the water, It not only causes great damage to the environment, but also endangers human and animal health seriously. Therefore, the detection and treatment of pollutants in water is very important. (class) graphene and self-doped Polyaniline have large 蟺-bond conjugation systems. If the two materials are combined by some way, new functional materials can be made. Through the electron transfer between the two materials, the material can realize the complementary properties of the materials, thus further enhance the properties of the new materials, which also avoid the agglomeration of graphene due to its tightly stacked structure. Avoid the loss of the unique properties of graphene monolayers due to agglomeration. (class) graphene self-doped Polyaniline nanomaterials have attracted more and more attention in electrochemical sensing materials and adsorbent materials due to their advantages of large surface area high electrochemical performance and low fabrication cost. Based on this, graphene oxide and self-doped Polyaniline nanomaterials were successfully prepared by liquid stripping, chemical and freezing / thawing methods. Graphene oxide self-doped Polyaniline-polyvinyl alcohol composite hydrogels and molybdenum disulfide self-doped Polyaniline nanomaterials were used in the electrochemical detection of heavy metal ions antibiotics and dye adsorption respectively. The detailed results are as follows: (]) novel graphene oxide / self doped Polyaniline (GNO-SPAN) nanocomposites were successfully prepared by liquid phase stripping method. The structure and electrochemical properties of GNO-SPAN nanomaterials were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) (SEM) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Based on the large effective area, strong conductivity and high stability of GNO-SPAN nanomaterials, an electrochemical sensing platform for lead, cadmium ions and chloramphenicol was constructed. Simultaneous detection of cadmium ion and highly sensitive detection of chloramphenicol. (2) A novel graphene oxide-self-doped Polyaniline-polyvinyl alcohol (GNO-SPAN-PVA) was prepared by simple chemical method and freezing / thawing method. Three dimensional composite hydrogel. The three dimensional composite hydrogel has abundant negative charge and large surface area and can be used as an effective adsorbent for cationic dyes such as methylene blue. The adsorption and regenerative adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and saffron red T (Safranine-T) cationic dyes by GNO-SPAN-PVA composite hydrogels were studied. It provides a theoretical basis for the adsorption treatment of dyes in wastewater. (3) A novel molybdenum disulfide (MoS) -self-doped Polyaniline (MoS2-SPAN) nanocomposite was prepared by a simple green liquid stripping method. This material has a large effective area and high stability, showing good conductivity and adsorption to lead ions. The molybdenum disulfide-self-doped Polyaniline composites were characterized by scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Based on the large specific surface area and good synergistic effect of MoS2-SPAN, the high sensitive detection of lead ion was realized.
【学位授予单位】：青岛科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB33;O647.33
本文编号：2351399
[Abstract]:With the continuous expansion of urbanization and industrialization, the use of non-agricultural irrigation water increased sharply, resulting in a large number of heavy metals, antibiotics, toxic dyes and other pollutants through domestic sewage and industrial wastewater into the water, It not only causes great damage to the environment, but also endangers human and animal health seriously. Therefore, the detection and treatment of pollutants in water is very important. (class) graphene and self-doped Polyaniline have large 蟺-bond conjugation systems. If the two materials are combined by some way, new functional materials can be made. Through the electron transfer between the two materials, the material can realize the complementary properties of the materials, thus further enhance the properties of the new materials, which also avoid the agglomeration of graphene due to its tightly stacked structure. Avoid the loss of the unique properties of graphene monolayers due to agglomeration. (class) graphene self-doped Polyaniline nanomaterials have attracted more and more attention in electrochemical sensing materials and adsorbent materials due to their advantages of large surface area high electrochemical performance and low fabrication cost. Based on this, graphene oxide and self-doped Polyaniline nanomaterials were successfully prepared by liquid stripping, chemical and freezing / thawing methods. Graphene oxide self-doped Polyaniline-polyvinyl alcohol composite hydrogels and molybdenum disulfide self-doped Polyaniline nanomaterials were used in the electrochemical detection of heavy metal ions antibiotics and dye adsorption respectively. The detailed results are as follows: (]) novel graphene oxide / self doped Polyaniline (GNO-SPAN) nanocomposites were successfully prepared by liquid phase stripping method. The structure and electrochemical properties of GNO-SPAN nanomaterials were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) (SEM) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Based on the large effective area, strong conductivity and high stability of GNO-SPAN nanomaterials, an electrochemical sensing platform for lead, cadmium ions and chloramphenicol was constructed. Simultaneous detection of cadmium ion and highly sensitive detection of chloramphenicol. (2) A novel graphene oxide-self-doped Polyaniline-polyvinyl alcohol (GNO-SPAN-PVA) was prepared by simple chemical method and freezing / thawing method. Three dimensional composite hydrogel. The three dimensional composite hydrogel has abundant negative charge and large surface area and can be used as an effective adsorbent for cationic dyes such as methylene blue. The adsorption and regenerative adsorption of methylene blue (MB) and saffron red T (Safranine-T) cationic dyes by GNO-SPAN-PVA composite hydrogels were studied. It provides a theoretical basis for the adsorption treatment of dyes in wastewater. (3) A novel molybdenum disulfide (MoS) -self-doped Polyaniline (MoS2-SPAN) nanocomposite was prepared by a simple green liquid stripping method. This material has a large effective area and high stability, showing good conductivity and adsorption to lead ions. The molybdenum disulfide-self-doped Polyaniline composites were characterized by scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Based on the large specific surface area and good synergistic effect of MoS2-SPAN, the high sensitive detection of lead ion was realized.
【学位授予单位】：青岛科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB33;O647.33
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 吴晓丰,杨鹭花;氯霉素残留的危害及其检测方法[J];动物医学进展;2004年03期
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