3D打印光致动复合材料设计及应用
发布时间：2018-11-26 21:33
【摘要】：本文综述了致动器材料的研究进展,通过对致动器材料的优化设计,制备了在近红外(NIR)激光照射下具有光热效应的多壁碳纳米管/聚乳酸复合线材,并结合熔融沉积成型(FDM)工艺的3D打印技术构筑了纸基双层结构的光致动器。主要研究内容和结论如下:1.将纯态多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)和纯态聚乳酸(PLA)采用溶液共混法和熔融共混法相结合的方法,成功制备了多壁碳纳米管/聚乳酸(MWCNTs/PLA)复合线材。研究发现:通过磁力搅拌和机械剪切的作用,填料MWCNTs能够均匀的分散在PLA基体中,且相容性很好;熔体流动速率(MFR)测试结果表明,复合线材中MWCNTs含量的增加能明显提高PLA的熔体流动速率,当碳纳米管的含量增加极小量后,复合线材的熔体流动速率基本在同一水平,且复合材料在挤出前后,熔体流动速率无明显变化;于此同时,通过DSC热分析和TGA热分析测试,纯态PLA添加MWCNTs后,发现玻璃态转换温度(T_g)和熔点(T_m)均有所下降,由于MWCNTs的添加量很小,所以下降幅度并不大;纯PLA添加MWCNTs后,复合材料具有了明显的光热效应,在近红外光照射条件下,在很短时间内(1s)即可升温至玻璃态转换温度,随着MWCNTs含量的增加,复合材料升温幅度越大,持续照射15s后,复合材料温度接近熔点温度。2.根据双层结构致动器设计原理,选择了办公用纸作为双层致动器的约束层,纸的表面本身具有一定粗糙度,通过FDM打印机将MWCNTs/PLA线材加热熔融挤出,直接沉积在纸面上,构筑了纸基双层结构的光致动器,并深入的研究了致动器光致机械响应行为的各影响因素,结果发现:在约束层材料纸张厚度不变的前提下,功能层复合材料的打印层厚和打印层不同结构设计均直接影响致动器致动效果,功能层复合材料打印层越薄越有利于其综合致动性能的提升,同时条纹间隔结构的设计也可以提高其致动效果。3.利用3D打印技术自由设计的优势,进一步优化了致动器光致机械响应行为。借鉴仿生学结构设计原理,最终打印了一朵花,通过光源的开关控制模拟花开花合的光致智能机械可逆的响应过程。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the research progress of actuator materials is reviewed. By optimizing the design of actuator materials, multi-wall carbon nanotubes / polylactic acid composite wires with photothermal effect under near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation are prepared. The paper-based photoactuators with double-layer structure were constructed by using the 3D printing technology of melt deposition forming (FDM) process. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: 1. The multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MCNTs) / polylactic acid (MWCNTs/PLA) composite wires were successfully prepared by solution blending and melt blending with pure multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and pure polylactic acid (PLA). It is found that the filler MWCNTs can be uniformly dispersed in the PLA matrix by magnetic stirring and mechanical shear, and the compatibility is very good. The results of melt flow rate (MFR) test show that the increase of MWCNTs content in composite wire can obviously increase the melt flow rate of PLA. When the content of carbon nanotube increases to a minimum, the melt flow rate of composite wire is basically at the same level. The melt flow rate of the composites did not change obviously before and after extrusion. At the same time, by means of DSC thermal analysis and TGA thermal analysis, after adding MWCNTs to pure PLA, it is found that the glass state transition temperature (T _ S _ g) and melting point (T _ m) have decreased. After adding MWCNTs to pure PLA, the composites have obvious photothermal effect. Under the condition of near-infrared irradiation, the glass state transition temperature can be increased in a very short time (1 s). With the increase of MWCNTs content, the higher the temperature of the composite is, the greater the temperature of the composite is. After continuous irradiation for 15 s, the temperature of the composite material was close to the melting point temperature. 2. 2. According to the design principle of double-layer actuator, office paper is chosen as the restraint layer of double-layer actuator. The surface of paper has certain roughness. The MWCNTs/PLA wire is heated and extruded by FDM printer and deposited on paper directly. A paper based photoactuator with double-layer structure is constructed, and the influencing factors of the photoinduced mechanical response of the actuator are studied. The results show that: under the premise that the thickness of the paper is not changed, The thickness of the printing layer and the design of the different structure of the printing layer have direct influence on the actuator actuation effect. The thinner the printing layer of the functional layer composite is, the better the comprehensive actuator performance is. At the same time, the design of stripe spacer structure can also improve its actuation effect. The optomechanical response of the actuator is further optimized by using the advantage of free design of 3D printing technology. Based on the design principle of bionic structure, a flower is printed and controlled by the switch of the light source to simulate the light-induced intelligent mechanical reversible response of the flower.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP391.73;TB33
本文编号：2359681
[Abstract]:In this paper, the research progress of actuator materials is reviewed. By optimizing the design of actuator materials, multi-wall carbon nanotubes / polylactic acid composite wires with photothermal effect under near-infrared (NIR) laser irradiation are prepared. The paper-based photoactuators with double-layer structure were constructed by using the 3D printing technology of melt deposition forming (FDM) process. The main contents and conclusions are as follows: 1. The multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MCNTs) / polylactic acid (MWCNTs/PLA) composite wires were successfully prepared by solution blending and melt blending with pure multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and pure polylactic acid (PLA). It is found that the filler MWCNTs can be uniformly dispersed in the PLA matrix by magnetic stirring and mechanical shear, and the compatibility is very good. The results of melt flow rate (MFR) test show that the increase of MWCNTs content in composite wire can obviously increase the melt flow rate of PLA. When the content of carbon nanotube increases to a minimum, the melt flow rate of composite wire is basically at the same level. The melt flow rate of the composites did not change obviously before and after extrusion. At the same time, by means of DSC thermal analysis and TGA thermal analysis, after adding MWCNTs to pure PLA, it is found that the glass state transition temperature (T _ S _ g) and melting point (T _ m) have decreased. After adding MWCNTs to pure PLA, the composites have obvious photothermal effect. Under the condition of near-infrared irradiation, the glass state transition temperature can be increased in a very short time (1 s). With the increase of MWCNTs content, the higher the temperature of the composite is, the greater the temperature of the composite is. After continuous irradiation for 15 s, the temperature of the composite material was close to the melting point temperature. 2. 2. According to the design principle of double-layer actuator, office paper is chosen as the restraint layer of double-layer actuator. The surface of paper has certain roughness. The MWCNTs/PLA wire is heated and extruded by FDM printer and deposited on paper directly. A paper based photoactuator with double-layer structure is constructed, and the influencing factors of the photoinduced mechanical response of the actuator are studied. The results show that: under the premise that the thickness of the paper is not changed, The thickness of the printing layer and the design of the different structure of the printing layer have direct influence on the actuator actuation effect. The thinner the printing layer of the functional layer composite is, the better the comprehensive actuator performance is. At the same time, the design of stripe spacer structure can also improve its actuation effect. The optomechanical response of the actuator is further optimized by using the advantage of free design of 3D printing technology. Based on the design principle of bionic structure, a flower is printed and controlled by the switch of the light source to simulate the light-induced intelligent mechanical reversible response of the flower.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP391.73;TB33
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