含扩展苯并二噻吩结构单元的新型给体光伏材料的研究

发布时间：2018-12-06 15:29

【摘要】：本论文先以苯并二噻吩(BDT)横向扩展而成的萘并二噻吩(NDT)作为研究对象,利用二维共轭的NDT单元构建出了聚合物和小分子两种不同类型的有机给体光伏材料,深入研究了材料的分子结构与相应器件的光伏性能之间的关系。本论文又在二维共轭BDT单元的纵向上扩展出了一个新的构筑基元,并以此合成出了一个新型小分子给体光伏材料,又利用其构建出了一个全小分子型三元体系有机太阳能电池,深入研究了该小分子对三元体系光伏器件的性能带来的影响。设计、合成出了两个以二维共轭的NDT单元为电子给体、噻吩并吡咯二酮为电子受体的给-受(D-A)共聚物,PzNDTT-TPD1和PzNDTT-TPD2,两者选择了不同的噻吩单元作为给、受体之间的连接桥。相比之下,PzNDTT-TPD1的光伏性能更为突出一些,其相应光伏器件的能量转换效率(PCE)在活性层厚度为200 nm的情况下达到最大(7.5%)。设计、合成出了两个以二维共轭的NDT单元为电子给体、氰基酯基为电子受体的受-给-受(A-D-A)型小分子,NDTT-CNCOO和NDTP-CNCOO,两者分别选择了噻吩和苯作为NDT单元两侧的共轭侧链。其中NDTP-CNCOO的光伏性能更为突出一些,其相应的光伏器件能量转换效率(PCE)在活性层厚度为300 nm的情况下达到最大(7.2%),这是目前基于NDT单元的小分子光伏器件所能达到的最好结果。设计、合成出了一个新型小分子给体光伏材料DR3TBDTT-E,该小分子可以看作是对已报道的小分子DR3TBDTT在纵向上的扩展与修饰。将DR3TBDTT-E加入到由DR3TBDTT和富勒烯衍生物(PC71BM)所组成的二元体系有机太阳能电池当中,可以构建出一个由DR3TBDTT、DR3TBDTT-E和PC71BM组成的全小分子型三元体系有机太阳能电池,其最佳器件性能达到了10.1%,这是目前全小分子型三元体系有机太阳能电池所能达到的最好结果。
[Abstract]:In this thesis, two kinds of organic photovoltaic materials, polymer and small molecule, were constructed by using 2-D conjugated NDT unit and naphthalene dithiophene (NDT), which was formed by the transverse expansion of benzodithiophene (BDT). The relationship between the molecular structure of the materials and the photovoltaic properties of the corresponding devices is studied. In this paper, a new building unit is extended to 2-D conjugate BDT unit, and a new type of photovoltaic material with small molecular donor is synthesized, and an organic solar cell of all-small molecular ternary system is constructed by using it. The effect of the small molecule on the performance of ternary photovoltaic devices was studied. Two donor-acceptor (D-A) copolymers with 2-D conjugated NDT unit as electron donor and thiophene pyrrolidone as electron receptor were designed and synthesized. PzNDTT-TPD1 and PzNDTT-TPD2, chose different thiophene units as donors. The bridge between the receptors. In contrast, the photovoltaic performance of PzNDTT-TPD1 is more outstanding, and the energy conversion efficiency of the corresponding photovoltaic device (PCE) reaches the maximum (7.5%) when the active layer thickness is 200 nm. Two small A-D-A molecules with 2-D conjugated NDT unit as electron donor and cyanoester group as electron acceptor are designed and synthesized. NDTT-CNCOO and NDTP-CNCOO, are synthesized. Thiophene and benzene were selected as conjugate side chains on both sides of NDT unit respectively. The photovoltaic performance of NDTP-CNCOO is more prominent. The corresponding energy conversion efficiency of photovoltaic devices (PCE) reaches the maximum (7.2%) when the active layer thickness is 300 nm. This is the best result that the small molecular photovoltaic devices based on NDT cell can achieve. A novel photovoltaic material, DR3TBDTT-E, was designed and synthesized. The small molecule can be regarded as the longitudinal extension and modification of the reported small molecule DR3TBDTT. By adding DR3TBDTT-E to the organic solar cells of binary system composed of DR3TBDTT and fullerene derivatives (PC71BM), an organic solar cell consisting of DR3TBDTT,DR3TBDTT-E and PC71BM can be constructed. The optimum device performance is up to 10.1, which is the best result that can be achieved by organic solar cells with all-small molecule ternary system.
【学位授予单位】：清华大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB34;TM914.4

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