两种尺度碳纤维材料的电化学镀镍及其特性研究
发布时间：2018-12-11 21:11
【摘要】：不同尺度下的碳纤维材料在国防军工、民用设备、新型能源等行业具有愈来愈重要的应用。聚丙烯腈(PAN)基碳纤维是由PAN原丝经过一系列的复杂工序,制备获得的丝状纤维。它具有比强度、比模量和低密度、高温稳定性好、耐磨损、耐腐蚀、电阻率低等优良的性能,是一种被广泛应用于工业领域中的碳材料。碳纳米纤维是通过化学气相沉积裂解气相碳氢化合物,由多层石墨卷曲堆叠而形成的碳纳米材料,其尺寸介于碳纳米管和碳纤维之间,具有普通碳纤维和碳纳米管比表面积、长径比大以及结构致密等优点。在实际应用过程中,碳纤维及碳纳米纤维因其比表面能高,存在与基体材料复合时的浸润性较差、高温服役条件下易于氧化等问题,因此对碳纤维材料进行表面处理以改善其与基体材料的相容性、增强其与基体材料的界面结合力显得尤为重要。碳纤维材料表面处理及其电化学镀镍是一种改善界面相容性和增强界面结合力的有效方法。本文采用丙酮和灼烧方法对碳纤维表面去胶,并对去胶效果、电镀镍前后碳纤维微观形貌、电阻率以及碳纤维的抗氧化性进行分析。研究发现,在400℃下灼烧20min的去胶效果最佳,与有机溶剂去胶相比,其效果更好,从微观形貌中直接反应出来的是表面更加光滑,且电阻明显降低。镀镍之后的碳纤维其氧化温度提高至650℃与镀镍前相比提高了200℃,而镀镍之后的电阻明显下降,由之前的29.9?降至1.24?。采用混酸和表面活性剂两种处理方法制备碳纳米纤维纸,并对碳纳米纤维纸微观形貌及其理化性能进行测量。相比于酸处理方法,表面活性剂处理可以在不打断碳纳米纤维的情况下制备出电阻较低的碳纳米纤维纸,但其分散液的稳定性不如酸处理分散液。通过对两种碳纳米纤维纸的镀镍微观形貌对比,可以看出表面活性剂处理的碳纳米纤维纸镀镍效果较好,可以形成包覆较好的镍镀层。另外,镀镍后的碳纳米纤维纸的抗氧化性得到提高、电阻率降低、产生磁性。
[Abstract]:Carbon fiber materials of different scales have more and more important applications in defense industry, civil equipment, new energy industry and so on. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based carbon fiber is a filamentous fiber prepared from PAN precursor through a series of complex processes. It has good properties such as specific strength, specific modulus and low density, high temperature stability, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, low resistivity and so on. It is a kind of carbon material widely used in industrial field. Carbon nanofibers (CNTs) are carbon nanomaterials formed by chemical vapor deposition of cracked gas hydrocarbons and stacked with multilayer graphite. The carbon nanofibers are of a size between carbon nanotubes and carbon fibers, and have the specific surface area of common carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes. High aspect ratio and compact structure. In practical application, carbon fiber and carbon nanofibers have some problems such as high surface energy, poor wettability when composite with matrix materials, and easy oxidation under high temperature service conditions. Therefore, it is very important to improve the compatibility between carbon fiber and matrix material and to enhance the interfacial adhesion between carbon fiber material and matrix material. Carbon fiber surface treatment and electrochemical nickel plating is an effective method to improve the interfacial compatibility and enhance the interfacial adhesion. In this paper, acetone and burning methods were used to deglue the surface of carbon fiber. The effect of removing glue, the microstructure of carbon fiber before and after nickel plating, the resistivity and the oxidation resistance of carbon fiber were analyzed. It was found that the best degumming effect was obtained by burning 20min at 400 鈩，
本文编号：2373229
[Abstract]:Carbon fiber materials of different scales have more and more important applications in defense industry, civil equipment, new energy industry and so on. Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based carbon fiber is a filamentous fiber prepared from PAN precursor through a series of complex processes. It has good properties such as specific strength, specific modulus and low density, high temperature stability, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, low resistivity and so on. It is a kind of carbon material widely used in industrial field. Carbon nanofibers (CNTs) are carbon nanomaterials formed by chemical vapor deposition of cracked gas hydrocarbons and stacked with multilayer graphite. The carbon nanofibers are of a size between carbon nanotubes and carbon fibers, and have the specific surface area of common carbon fibers and carbon nanotubes. High aspect ratio and compact structure. In practical application, carbon fiber and carbon nanofibers have some problems such as high surface energy, poor wettability when composite with matrix materials, and easy oxidation under high temperature service conditions. Therefore, it is very important to improve the compatibility between carbon fiber and matrix material and to enhance the interfacial adhesion between carbon fiber material and matrix material. Carbon fiber surface treatment and electrochemical nickel plating is an effective method to improve the interfacial compatibility and enhance the interfacial adhesion. In this paper, acetone and burning methods were used to deglue the surface of carbon fiber. The effect of removing glue, the microstructure of carbon fiber before and after nickel plating, the resistivity and the oxidation resistance of carbon fiber were analyzed. It was found that the best degumming effect was obtained by burning 20min at 400 鈩，
本文编号：2373229
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/cailiaohuaxuelunwen/2373229.html
