电致变色薄膜机理的研究及实验制备

发布时间：2018-12-14 00:12

【摘要】：电致变色是指材料的光学属性(反射率、透过率、吸收率等)在外加电场的作用下发生稳定、可逆的颜色变化的现象。在电致变色材料中,导电聚合物是电致变色材料中的新兴成员。由于其特有的光电性能,导电聚合物已成为拥有良好发展前景的材料。其中,聚苯胺类导电聚合物以其容易形成稳定的结构,拥有高电荷迁移率,电致变色特性和光化学稳定性等各种有利的特性而不断吸引着人们的研究热情。在电致变色器件中,如无眩反光镜、智能窗、显示器件、军事伪装等方面具有广泛的应用。聚苯胺类导电聚合物作为非常重要的电致变色聚合物,具有突出的导电性和好的氧化还原性,在可见近红外区具有高的光学对比度和快的响应时间。并且,聚苯胺具有易加工、响应速度快、颜色变化丰富及成本低等多方面的优点,从而成为电致变色研究工作的重点。本论文采用电化学恒电位法在ITO(氧化铟锡)玻璃上制备了聚苯胺和聚苯胺-二苯胺磺酸钠复合薄膜,对聚苯胺的结构和形貌进行了表征,并对聚苯胺-二苯胺磺酸钠复合薄膜进行了循环伏安测试、电流-时间曲线测试、UR-IR分光光度测试等电化学测试。本论文的主要内容如下所述。第一章为电致变色。从电致变色的定义,电致变色的材料,电致变色的变色机理,电致变色的应用四个方面具体介绍电致变色的发展与应用,为第三章、第四章的变色理论提供依据。第二章为聚苯胺简介。从聚苯胺的结构、导电机理、合成方法与应用四个方面具体介绍了一下聚苯胺,为论文的第三章、第四章实验部分奠定了理论及基础。第三章为聚苯胺的合成与变色研究。在苯胺-硫酸溶液混合体系中采用三电极体系的电化学恒电位法合成了导电聚苯胺膜。通过优化聚合时间和测试溶液的PH值,得到了具有最佳性能的聚苯胺膜,并对其聚合机理、结构、变色机理进行了分析。第四章为聚苯胺-二苯胺磺酸钠复合膜的制备。采用电化学恒电位法,利用苯胺及其衍生物在ITO玻璃上沉积了聚苯胺-二苯胺磺酸钠变色薄膜样品。该方式所制备得到的样品质量较好,且表面均匀,然后采用循环伏安测试、电流-时间曲线、UR-IR分光光度测试对所得样品进行了相关电致变色性能测试。第五章为论文结论与展望。本章总结了一下论文的工作内容,提出了一些论文中的不足,并对今后开展电致变色薄膜在红外波段的应用研究提出了一些想法。
[Abstract]:Electrochromism refers to the phenomenon that the optical properties (reflectivity, transmittance, absorptivity, etc.) of materials change steadily and inversely under the action of external electric field. In electrochromic materials, conductive polymers are new members of electrochromic materials. Because of its unique optoelectronic properties, conductive polymer has become a promising material. Among them, polyphenylamine conductive polymers have attracted more and more interest for their stable structure, high charge mobility, electrochromic properties and photochemical stability. It has been widely used in electrochromic devices such as non-glare mirror, smart window, display device, military camouflage and so on. As a very important electrochromic polymer, polyphenylamine conductive polymer has outstanding conductivity and good redox property, and has high optical contrast and fast response time in the visible and near infrared region. Polyaniline has many advantages, such as easy processing, fast response, rich color change and low cost, so it has become the focus of electrochromic research. In this paper, Polyaniline and Polyaniline-diphenylaminesulfonate composite films were prepared on ITO glass by electrochemical potentiostatic method. The structure and morphology of Polyaniline were characterized. The composite films of Polyaniline and sodium diphenylamine sulfonate were tested by cyclic voltammetry, current-time curves and UR-IR spectrophotometry. The main contents of this paper are as follows. The first chapter is electrochromic. This paper introduces the development and application of electrochromic from four aspects: the definition of electrochromic, the material of electrochromic, the mechanism of electrochromic, and the application of electrochromic. It provides the basis for the theory of discoloration in chapter three and chapter four. The second chapter is a brief introduction of Polyaniline. Polyaniline was introduced in detail from four aspects: structure, conductive mechanism, synthesis method and application, which laid a theoretical foundation for the third chapter and the fourth chapter of the experiment. The third chapter is about the synthesis and discoloration of Polyaniline. Conductive Polyaniline films were synthesized by electrochemical potentiostatic method in a three-electrode system in aniline-sulfuric acid solution. The Polyaniline film with the best properties was obtained by optimizing the polymerization time and the PH value of the solution. The polymerization mechanism, structure and color change mechanism of the film were analyzed. The fourth chapter is the preparation of Polyaniline-sodium diphenylamine sulfonate composite membrane. Polyaniline-sodium diphenylamine sulfonate film was deposited on ITO glass by electrochemical potentiostatic method using aniline and its derivatives. The quality of the samples prepared by this method is good and the surface is uniform. Then the electrochromic properties of the samples are tested by cyclic voltammetry, current-time curves and UR-IR spectrophotometry. The fifth chapter is the conclusion and prospect of the thesis. In this chapter, we summarize the work of this paper, put forward some shortcomings in this paper, and put forward some ideas for the future research on the application of electrochromic thin films in infrared band.
【学位授予单位】：天津理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.2

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