生物材料结构表征与仿生
发布时间：2018-12-16 01:20
【摘要】：受自然界中生物材料精细结构的启发,本文分别对有翅蚜虫蜡泌物、蒲棒和蝴蝶翅膀进行结构观察和成分分析,选取蒲棒和蝴蝶翅膀作为生物模板,制备了具有原始蒲棒结构和蝶翅结构的仿生功能性材料。对仿生材料进行了形貌及性能的测试,同时还探讨了不同浓度、不同溶液体系和不同煅烧温度等工艺参数对晶粒的尺寸、分布及复制结构形貌的影响。主要结论如下:(1)通过SEM测试可知,有翅蚜虫蜡泌物是由空心丝状物缠绕形成的块状物,丝状物的长度在20~100μm之间,丝状物壁厚大约为0.5μm,块状物尺寸约为1.3mm左右。通过红外光谱测试,有翅蚜虫蜡泌物由长链脂肪醇、饱和或不饱和的长链烃及带有芳香烃及其衍生物等构成。通过与工业蜡的XRD图谱对比,观察到有翅蚜虫蜡泌物的主峰位置与工业蜡的主峰位置非常接近,可初步确定他们的物相是相同的,经过与标准卡片对比证明有翅蚜虫蜡泌物是一种天然的生物蜡材料。(2)以蒲棒为模板,通过溶胶-凝胶法,将二氧化钛前驱体溶液沉积到蒲棒纤维上,在氮气气氛中进行高温碳化,在不同煅烧温度下,蒲棒纤维转变为碳纤维,前驱体转变成锐钛矿型二氧化钛,形成二氧化钛包裹碳的纳米纤维材料。在400℃煅烧条件下,蒲棒纤维的宏观结构基本保留完好,晶粒尺寸均匀未发生团聚。二氧化钛/碳纳米纤维材料在光致发光光谱中存在蓝光发射峰,光催化实验结果表明,该材料在可见光照射下,对有机染料有较好地降解效果。(3)以蒲棒为模板,通过配置不同前驱体溶液制备蒲棒纤维结构的氧化锌材料。实验结果表明以二水合醋酸锌添加柠檬酸铵的前驱体溶液能完整的复制蒲棒结构且晶粒较小,在光致发光光谱中发射峰强度最高。(4)通过光学显微镜及扫描电子显微镜对五种蝴蝶翅膀进行了形貌观察分析,并对蝴蝶翅膀进行成分及光学性能分析。绿带碧凤蝶的鳞片相对扁长,顶端呈多齿形,SEM测试显示鳞片微观结构为蜂窝状。绿带碧凤蝶的蓝色鳞片的反射曲线在465nm处出现最高峰,但反射率偏低,仅为6%左右,而绿色鳞片在507nm处出现峰值,处于绿色的波段内,反射率为7%。以绿带碧凤蝶作为生物模板,配制三种不同前驱体溶液制备蝶翅结构的氧化锌材料,最终得到以0.02 M的二水合醋酸锌添加柠檬酸铵的前驱体溶液能够完好的复制蝴蝶翅膀鳞片的精细结构。所制备的氧化锌材料在光致发光光谱中发射峰强度最高,紫外吸收测试表明,在370nm附近有一个明显的吸收峰,展现了良好光致发光及紫外吸收性能。
[Abstract]:Inspired by the fine structure of biomaterials in nature, the structure of wax secretions, bushstick and butterfly wings of APHIS aphidae were observed and analyzed respectively, and the cuddly and butterfly wings were selected as biological templates. Biomimetic functional materials with primitive rod structure and butterfly wing structure were prepared. The morphology and properties of the biomimetic materials were tested, and the effects of different concentration, different solution system and different calcination temperature on the grain size, distribution and replicating structure morphology were also discussed. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) by SEM test, the wax secretions of APHIS aphidae were formed by the entwining of hollow filaments. The length of the filaments was between 20 渭 m and 100 渭 m, the wall thickness of the filaments was about 0.5 渭 m, and the size of the bulk was about 1.3mm. The wax secretions of APHIS aphidae are composed of long chain fatty alcohol, saturated or unsaturated long chain hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives. By comparing with the XRD map of industrial wax, it was observed that the main peak position of wax secretion of APHIS aphid was very close to that of industrial wax, and it could be preliminarily confirmed that their contents were the same. Compared with the standard card, it was proved that the wax secretion of APHIS aphid was a kind of natural biological wax material. (2) the solution of TIO _ 2 precursor was deposited on the fiber by sol-gel method. At different calcination temperatures, the fiber was converted into carbon fiber, and the precursor was transformed into anatase type titanium dioxide to form titania coated carbon nanofiber material. When calcined at 400 鈩，
本文编号：2381617
[Abstract]:Inspired by the fine structure of biomaterials in nature, the structure of wax secretions, bushstick and butterfly wings of APHIS aphidae were observed and analyzed respectively, and the cuddly and butterfly wings were selected as biological templates. Biomimetic functional materials with primitive rod structure and butterfly wing structure were prepared. The morphology and properties of the biomimetic materials were tested, and the effects of different concentration, different solution system and different calcination temperature on the grain size, distribution and replicating structure morphology were also discussed. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) by SEM test, the wax secretions of APHIS aphidae were formed by the entwining of hollow filaments. The length of the filaments was between 20 渭 m and 100 渭 m, the wall thickness of the filaments was about 0.5 渭 m, and the size of the bulk was about 1.3mm. The wax secretions of APHIS aphidae are composed of long chain fatty alcohol, saturated or unsaturated long chain hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives. By comparing with the XRD map of industrial wax, it was observed that the main peak position of wax secretion of APHIS aphid was very close to that of industrial wax, and it could be preliminarily confirmed that their contents were the same. Compared with the standard card, it was proved that the wax secretion of APHIS aphid was a kind of natural biological wax material. (2) the solution of TIO _ 2 precursor was deposited on the fiber by sol-gel method. At different calcination temperatures, the fiber was converted into carbon fiber, and the precursor was transformed into anatase type titanium dioxide to form titania coated carbon nanofiber material. When calcined at 400 鈩，
本文编号：2381617
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/cailiaohuaxuelunwen/2381617.html
