基于ZnS纳米材料的荧光猝灭型气敏传感器研究
发布时间：2018-12-16 08:13
【摘要】：工业生产和生活排放大量废气导致了环境污染,如臭氧层破坏、酸雨、温室效应等。随着人类的安全和健康意识的提高,对家庭和各种生产、生活场所的易燃易爆气体,有毒有害气体的监测迫在眉睫,以此达到防止安全事故发生的目的。目前危害环境及人类安全的一大杀手硫类化合物如H2S,SO2等得到普遍关注,寻找一种高性价比、高灵敏度、便携式半导体气体传感器检测这类有毒有害气体成为新的研究方向。半导体纳米敏感材料因其具备的诸多优势迅速成为在易燃易爆环境中检测有毒有害气体的主力军。Zn S作为一种宽禁带半导体材料,在数据储存、数据转换、气敏传感器以及紫外光敏感涂层器械领域都有很好的前景。超声辅助水热/溶剂热法能够制备出高质量的ZnS纳米材料,辅助掺杂微量稀土Eu元素能够提升其荧光发射性能,结合光纤气体传感器原理应用荧光猝灭机制可以实现对H2S,CO,NH3,酒精等多种可燃性气体的检测。本论文设计的ZnS基荧光猝灭型光纤气体传感器系统具有稳定性强,响应快,抗干扰能力强等优点,可以用于检测易燃易爆环境中的有毒有害气体,并满足新一代气体传感器现场实时监测的要求。具体研究内容如下:研究和建立了传感器工作原理与数学模型,对荧光猝灭型气体传感器的光学系统、敏感元件及其工作原理进行了分析,建立了基于激发/猝灭特性非均匀分布的荧光猝灭型气体传感器数学模型。研究了硫化锌纳米材料的合成机制,并通过超声辅助水热/溶剂热法制备了纳米结构ZnS材料,掺杂稀土Eu元素在很大程度上提升了纳米硫化锌的发光性能,该研究结果为基于ZnS:Eu2+敏感元件传感器设计与制作奠定了理论基础。设计并制作了一种基于ZnS纳米敏感材料的荧光猝灭型光纤气体传感元件,以用于气体检测,同时设计了以敏感元件为基础的自制简易气室。参考荧光猝灭型光纤传感系统理论模型的基础上,设计了以StellarNet公司生产的Blue-Wave(VIS25)微型光纤光谱仪、两路混气仪、铁架台、简易气室、敏感元件等搭建硫化锌纳米材料的荧光猝灭型气体传感系统,并用电脑以及相应软件(SpectraWiz Software)等搭建实验测试平台。制备了以H2S为主的被测气体,将被测气体通入气室中进行敏感性能测试。研究表明:ZnS敏感元件所发荧光能被H2S分子快速有效猝灭,在其测试范围内,0 2I/I~[H S]满足荧光猝灭理论Stern-Volmer方程的线性特征,同时在多组分条件下对H2S气体具有良好选择性。
[Abstract]:Industrial production and domestic emissions lead to environmental pollution, such as ozone depletion, acid rain, Greenhouse Effect and so on. With the improvement of human safety and health awareness, it is urgent to monitor the flammable and explosive gases and toxic and harmful gases in the home, various production and living places, so as to prevent the occurrence of safety accidents. At present, one of the killer sulfur compounds, such as H _ 2S _ 2 so _ 2, which is harmful to the environment and human security, has received widespread attention. It has become a new research direction to search for a kind of high performance-to-price, high sensitivity, portable semiconductor gas sensor to detect these toxic and harmful gases. Semiconductor nanosensitive materials, due to their many advantages, have rapidly become the main force for detecting toxic and harmful gases in flammable and explosive environments. As a wide band gap semiconductor material,. Zn S is used in data storage and data conversion. Gas sensors and UV-sensitive coatings have good prospects. High quality ZnS nanomaterials can be prepared by ultrasonic assisted hydrothermal / solvothermal method, and the fluorescence emission properties can be improved by doping trace rare earth elements Eu. The fluorescence quenching mechanism can be realized by using the principle of optical fiber gas sensor. Detection of various flammable gases such as NH3, alcohol. The ZnS based fluorescence quenching optical fiber gas sensor system designed in this paper has the advantages of strong stability, fast response and strong anti-interference ability. It can be used to detect toxic and harmful gases in flammable and explosive environment. And meet the new generation gas sensor field real-time monitoring requirements. The main contents are as follows: the working principle and mathematical model of the sensor are studied and established. The optical system, sensitive elements and working principle of the fluorescence quenching gas sensor are analyzed. A mathematical model of fluorescence quenching gas sensor based on the nonuniform distribution of excitation / quenching characteristics is established. The synthesis mechanism of zinc sulfide nanomaterials was studied, and nano-structure ZnS materials were prepared by ultrasonic assisted hydrothermal / solvothermal method. The luminescence properties of nano-zinc sulfide were greatly improved by doping rare earth Eu elements. The results lay a theoretical foundation for the design and fabrication of sensor based on ZnS:Eu2. A fluorescent quenching optical fiber gas sensor based on ZnS nanosensitive material is designed and fabricated for gas detection. A self-made simple gas chamber based on the sensing element is also designed. Referring to the theoretical model of fluorescence quenching optical fiber sensing system, a Blue-Wave (VIS25) miniature optical fiber spectrometer, a two-channel gas mixer, an iron frame platform and a simple gas chamber, which are produced by StellarNet Company, are designed. The fluorescence quenching gas sensing system of zinc sulfide nanomaterials was built by sensitive elements, and the experimental test platform was built by computer and (SpectraWiz Software) software. The H _ 2S gas was prepared and the measured gas was passed into the gas chamber to test the sensitivity of the gas. The results show that the fluorescence of ZnS sensitive element can be quenched quickly and effectively by H _ 2S molecule. In the range of measurement, 0.2 I / I ~ [HS] satisfies the linear characteristic of Stern-Volmer equation of fluorescence quenching theory. At the same time, it has good selectivity for H _ 2S gas under multicomponent conditions.
【学位授予单位】：重庆理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TP212;TB383.1
本文编号：2382042
[Abstract]:Industrial production and domestic emissions lead to environmental pollution, such as ozone depletion, acid rain, Greenhouse Effect and so on. With the improvement of human safety and health awareness, it is urgent to monitor the flammable and explosive gases and toxic and harmful gases in the home, various production and living places, so as to prevent the occurrence of safety accidents. At present, one of the killer sulfur compounds, such as H _ 2S _ 2 so _ 2, which is harmful to the environment and human security, has received widespread attention. It has become a new research direction to search for a kind of high performance-to-price, high sensitivity, portable semiconductor gas sensor to detect these toxic and harmful gases. Semiconductor nanosensitive materials, due to their many advantages, have rapidly become the main force for detecting toxic and harmful gases in flammable and explosive environments. As a wide band gap semiconductor material,. Zn S is used in data storage and data conversion. Gas sensors and UV-sensitive coatings have good prospects. High quality ZnS nanomaterials can be prepared by ultrasonic assisted hydrothermal / solvothermal method, and the fluorescence emission properties can be improved by doping trace rare earth elements Eu. The fluorescence quenching mechanism can be realized by using the principle of optical fiber gas sensor. Detection of various flammable gases such as NH3, alcohol. The ZnS based fluorescence quenching optical fiber gas sensor system designed in this paper has the advantages of strong stability, fast response and strong anti-interference ability. It can be used to detect toxic and harmful gases in flammable and explosive environment. And meet the new generation gas sensor field real-time monitoring requirements. The main contents are as follows: the working principle and mathematical model of the sensor are studied and established. The optical system, sensitive elements and working principle of the fluorescence quenching gas sensor are analyzed. A mathematical model of fluorescence quenching gas sensor based on the nonuniform distribution of excitation / quenching characteristics is established. The synthesis mechanism of zinc sulfide nanomaterials was studied, and nano-structure ZnS materials were prepared by ultrasonic assisted hydrothermal / solvothermal method. The luminescence properties of nano-zinc sulfide were greatly improved by doping rare earth Eu elements. The results lay a theoretical foundation for the design and fabrication of sensor based on ZnS:Eu2. A fluorescent quenching optical fiber gas sensor based on ZnS nanosensitive material is designed and fabricated for gas detection. A self-made simple gas chamber based on the sensing element is also designed. Referring to the theoretical model of fluorescence quenching optical fiber sensing system, a Blue-Wave (VIS25) miniature optical fiber spectrometer, a two-channel gas mixer, an iron frame platform and a simple gas chamber, which are produced by StellarNet Company, are designed. The fluorescence quenching gas sensing system of zinc sulfide nanomaterials was built by sensitive elements, and the experimental test platform was built by computer and (SpectraWiz Software) software. The H _ 2S gas was prepared and the measured gas was passed into the gas chamber to test the sensitivity of the gas. The results show that the fluorescence of ZnS sensitive element can be quenched quickly and effectively by H _ 2S molecule. In the range of measurement, 0.2 I / I ~ [HS] satisfies the linear characteristic of Stern-Volmer equation of fluorescence quenching theory. At the same time, it has good selectivity for H _ 2S gas under multicomponent conditions.
【学位授予单位】：重庆理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TP212;TB383.1
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 牛新书,刘艳丽,徐甲强;室温固相合成纳米ZnS及其气敏性能研究[J];无机材料学报;2002年04期
，本文编号：2382042
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