NiO基纳米多孔薄膜的可控制备及其电致变色性能的研究
发布时间：2018-12-21 17:44
【摘要】：随着世界人口的增加,环境污染和能源短缺已经成为目前人类所面临的最大挑战。电致变色材料具有低耗、高效、环境友好和智能化等特点,是一种能够改变人类利用太阳能方式的新型智能材料。由电致变色材料制成的智能窗可以通过调节控制光的透过率和热辐射,更充分地利用阳光,有效控制建筑物内部的能量交换,实现减少能耗,降低照明和温控费用的目的,在智能建筑、汽车和航空航天等领域具有无限的应用前景。在众多电致变色材料中,NiO由于变色效率高,光谱调节范围大,资源丰富和价格低廉等特点而成为最受关注的阳极电致变色材料。然而,由于较低的变色速率和较差的循环稳定性,NiO电致变色薄膜的商业化应用受到了一定程度的限制。本文的宗旨即是通过掺杂和复合化设计加快电化学反应动力学进而提高薄膜的电致变色性能。本文采用单一或相结合的化学浴沉积和水热合成法成功地在FTO导电玻璃基底上制备了纳米多孔的Co掺杂NiO纳米片阵列薄膜及SnO2@NiO核壳纳米片阵列薄膜,并研究了其电致变色性能。通过一步化学浴沉积法在FTO基底上制备了具有减反射能力的Co掺杂NiO纳米片阵列结构薄膜。Co的掺杂显著影响了化学浴沉积过程中NiO薄膜的生长,与未掺杂的NiO相比,适量Co(1%)掺杂的NiO薄膜展现出更为优异的电致变色性能,例如更大的光谱调制范围(88.3%,550nm处),更快的电致变色速度率(3.4s和5.4s),更高的着色效率(47.7 cm2 C-1),以及更好的循环稳定性。电致变色性能的提高可以归因于Co掺杂后较低的结晶度,统一倾斜的纳米片阵列结构以及较高的电导率。由此可见,适量的Co掺杂能够促进NiO基电致变色薄膜的商业化应用。通过结合简单高效的水热法和化学浴沉积法在FTO导电基底上直接生长制备了SnO2@NiO核壳纳米片阵列结构薄膜。这种等级多孔的核壳结构是由SnO2纳米片支撑核和NiO多晶纳米片外壳两部分组成。这种SnO2@NiO薄膜呈现出突出的电致变色性能,包括大的光谱调制范围(85.3%,550 nm处),快的变色速率(1.7s和2.4s),高的着色效率(43.8 cm2 C-1),良好的循环性能。值得注意的是,这种SnO2@NiO核壳纳米片阵列薄膜展现出持久的记忆效应,在商业化应用中这种记忆效应有利于节约能耗。增强的电致变色性能可以归功于其独特的核壳结构,这种结构可以在电化学反应过程中调节应力,提供大量的活性位点和快速的离子转移扩散通道。
[Abstract]:With the increase of world population, environmental pollution and energy shortage have become the greatest challenge to mankind. Electrochromic materials have the advantages of low consumption, high efficiency, environmental friendliness and intelligence. They are a new type of intelligent materials which can change the way people use solar energy. The intelligent window made of electrochromic material can make full use of sunlight by regulating the transmittance of light and heat radiation, effectively control the energy exchange inside the building, and achieve the purpose of reducing energy consumption and lighting and temperature control costs. In intelligent building, automobile, aerospace and other fields have unlimited application prospects. Among many electrochromic materials, NiO has become the most concerned anodic electrochromic material because of its high efficiency, wide spectrum adjustment range, rich resources and low price. However, the commercial applications of NiO electrochromic films are limited to some extent due to their low chromotropic rate and poor cyclic stability. The aim of this paper is to improve the electrochromic properties of the films by doping and composite design to accelerate the electrochemical reaction kinetics. In this paper, Nano-porous Co doped NiO nano-array films and SnO2@NiO core-shell nanocrystalline array films were successfully prepared on FTO conductive glass substrates by single or combined chemical bath deposition and hydrothermal synthesis. Its electrochromic properties were also studied. The antireflective Co doped NiO nanoscale array films were prepared on FTO substrate by one-step chemical bath deposition. The doping of Co significantly affected the growth of NiO films in the process of chemical bath deposition, compared with that of undoped NiO. Appropriate amount of Co (1%) doped NiO films exhibit better electrochromic properties, such as wider spectral modulation range (88.3Nm), faster electrochromic rate (3.4s and 5.4s), and higher electrochromic rate (3.4s and 5.4s). Higher coloring efficiency (47.7 cm2 C-1) and better cyclic stability. The improvement of electrochromic properties can be attributed to the low crystallinity of Co doping, the uniform tilted nanochip array structure and the high conductivity. It can be seen that appropriate Co doping can promote the commercial application of NiO based electrochromic films. SnO2@NiO core-shell nanoscale array films were prepared on FTO substrates by a simple and efficient hydrothermal method and chemical bath deposition method. The core shell structure is composed of SnO2 nanocrystalline supporting core and NiO polycrystalline nanocrystalline shell. The SnO2@NiO film exhibits outstanding electrochromic properties, including large spectral modulation range (85.3 nm), fast chromotropic rate (1.7 s and 2.4 s), and high coloring efficiency (43.8 cm2 C-1). Good cycling performance. It is worth noting that this SnO2@NiO core-shell nanoscale array film exhibits a lasting memory effect, which is beneficial to energy saving in commercial applications. The enhanced electrochromic properties can be attributed to its unique core-shell structure which can regulate stress during electrochemical reaction and provide a large number of active sites and fast ion transfer diffusion channels.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.2;O614.813
本文编号：2389242
[Abstract]:With the increase of world population, environmental pollution and energy shortage have become the greatest challenge to mankind. Electrochromic materials have the advantages of low consumption, high efficiency, environmental friendliness and intelligence. They are a new type of intelligent materials which can change the way people use solar energy. The intelligent window made of electrochromic material can make full use of sunlight by regulating the transmittance of light and heat radiation, effectively control the energy exchange inside the building, and achieve the purpose of reducing energy consumption and lighting and temperature control costs. In intelligent building, automobile, aerospace and other fields have unlimited application prospects. Among many electrochromic materials, NiO has become the most concerned anodic electrochromic material because of its high efficiency, wide spectrum adjustment range, rich resources and low price. However, the commercial applications of NiO electrochromic films are limited to some extent due to their low chromotropic rate and poor cyclic stability. The aim of this paper is to improve the electrochromic properties of the films by doping and composite design to accelerate the electrochemical reaction kinetics. In this paper, Nano-porous Co doped NiO nano-array films and SnO2@NiO core-shell nanocrystalline array films were successfully prepared on FTO conductive glass substrates by single or combined chemical bath deposition and hydrothermal synthesis. Its electrochromic properties were also studied. The antireflective Co doped NiO nanoscale array films were prepared on FTO substrate by one-step chemical bath deposition. The doping of Co significantly affected the growth of NiO films in the process of chemical bath deposition, compared with that of undoped NiO. Appropriate amount of Co (1%) doped NiO films exhibit better electrochromic properties, such as wider spectral modulation range (88.3Nm), faster electrochromic rate (3.4s and 5.4s), and higher electrochromic rate (3.4s and 5.4s). Higher coloring efficiency (47.7 cm2 C-1) and better cyclic stability. The improvement of electrochromic properties can be attributed to the low crystallinity of Co doping, the uniform tilted nanochip array structure and the high conductivity. It can be seen that appropriate Co doping can promote the commercial application of NiO based electrochromic films. SnO2@NiO core-shell nanoscale array films were prepared on FTO substrates by a simple and efficient hydrothermal method and chemical bath deposition method. The core shell structure is composed of SnO2 nanocrystalline supporting core and NiO polycrystalline nanocrystalline shell. The SnO2@NiO film exhibits outstanding electrochromic properties, including large spectral modulation range (85.3 nm), fast chromotropic rate (1.7 s and 2.4 s), and high coloring efficiency (43.8 cm2 C-1). Good cycling performance. It is worth noting that this SnO2@NiO core-shell nanoscale array film exhibits a lasting memory effect, which is beneficial to energy saving in commercial applications. The enhanced electrochromic properties can be attributed to its unique core-shell structure which can regulate stress during electrochemical reaction and provide a large number of active sites and fast ion transfer diffusion channels.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.2;O614.813
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 熊曹水,熊永红,朱弘,张裕恒,刘玉龙;Investigation of Raman spectrum for nano-SnO_2[J];Science in China,Ser.A;1997年11期
，本文编号：2389242
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