功能梯度材料零件可视化及其快速成型路径生成方法研究
发布时间：2019-03-09 17:45
【摘要】：功能梯度材料概念(Functionally Graded Materials,简称FGM)于1987年由日本科技厅提出,该种材料在零件内部按照一定的分布函数呈梯度状分布,使得该零件在力学等性能上也呈梯度变化。传统的基于物理或化学的功能梯度材料制造方法存在如下缺点:1、只能制备形状结构简单的功能梯度材料块体或材料环;2、不能制造嵌入器件零件;3、制备功能梯度材料时不能实现各材料组分相在一定范围内的精确控制,不能正确反映设计者的意图,从而影响材料性能发挥。基于离散/堆积原理的快速成型(Rapid Prototyping,RP)技术为功能梯度材料零件的制备提供了一种可能手段,并且能在制备材料的同时制造零件。在目前的快速成型领域,一方面,商业化的功能梯度材料成型机并不存在,一些商业上的CAD软件尚不具备表示功能梯度材料实体零件材料属性的能力;另一方面,许多特殊的应用场合对快速成型技术却提出了更高的要求。本文以快速成形技术为背景,针对复杂零件功能梯度材料模型的CAD表达方法、切片和路径生成方法行了深入理论分析和研究,设计并开发一款STL模型到FGM模型表达可视化和路径生成的软件系统,为基于RP的功能梯度材料零件制造提供技术基础。主要完成了以下工作:1.建立无冗余数据的STL模型顶点、半边和面之间的拓扑关系,提出了STL(StereoLithography)文件各类错误及缺陷的诊断及修复算法;提出基于半边曲率的Loop模式的自适应曲面细分算法,在整体上用较少的三面片准确的表示模型,以保证STL模型曲面精度。2.系统研究了网格模型体素化方法,提出并实现了基于四叉树的Ray-Casting体素化CAD模型的方法,分析了基于数字距离变换计算从体素到参考特征距离的方法。3.提出基于物体空间的FGM模型可视化路线,分析了FGM切片层厚对几何切片误差和材料切片误差的影响,给出了基于体素模型的功能梯度材料零件切片算法。4.研究了基于FGM模型的等材料等值线路径生成方法,提出了一种多区域轮廓的曲线偏置算法。设计了一款兼FGM模型可视化、切片和路径规划为一体的FGM-CAD软件。
[Abstract]:The concept of functionally graded material (Functionally Graded Materials,) was proposed by the Japan Science and Technology Agency in 1987. The material has a gradient distribution in the part interior according to a certain distribution function, so that the mechanical properties of the part also show gradient changes. The traditional methods of fabricating functionally graded materials based on physics or chemistry have the following disadvantages: (1) the functional gradient materials (FGMs) with simple shape and structure can only be fabricated; (2) the parts of embedded devices can not be fabricated; 3, the preparation of functionally graded materials can not achieve the precise control of the phase of each material in a certain range, and can not reflect the designer's intention correctly, thus affecting the performance of the materials. The rapid prototyping (Rapid Prototyping,RP) technology based on the discrete / stacking principle provides a possible method for the preparation of functionally graded material parts, and it can be used to fabricate parts at the same time as the materials are prepared. In the current rapid prototyping field, on the one hand, the commercial functional gradient material molding machine does not exist, some commercial CAD software does not have the ability to represent the material properties of functionally graded material solid parts; On the other hand, many special applications put forward higher requirements for rapid prototyping technology. In this paper, based on rapid prototyping technology, the CAD expression method, slice and path generation method of the functionally graded material model of complex parts are analyzed and studied deeply. A software system for visualization and path generation from STL model to FGM model is designed and developed, which provides a technical basis for the manufacturing of functionally graded material parts based on RP. The following work has been accomplished: 1. The topological relationship among the vertices, half sides and faces of STL model without redundant data is established, and the algorithms for diagnosing and repairing all kinds of errors and defects in STL (StereoLithography) files are put forward. An adaptive surface subdivision algorithm based on Loop mode based on half-edge curvature is proposed. The model is accurately represented by less trihedral patches on the whole in order to ensure the surface accuracy of STL model. 2. The voxel method of grid model is studied systematically, the method of Ray-Casting voxel CAD model based on quad tree is proposed and implemented, and the method of calculating the distance from voxel to reference feature based on digital distance transformation is analyzed. 3. The method of calculating voxel to reference feature distance based on digital distance transformation is analyzed. The visualization route of FGM model based on object space is put forward. The influence of slice thickness of FGM slice on geometric slice error and material slice error is analyzed. The slice algorithm of functionally graded material based on voxel model is given. 4. The contour path generation method based on FGM model is studied, and a curve offset algorithm based on multi-region contour is proposed. A FGM-CAD software for visualization, slicing and path planning of FGM model is designed.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB34
本文编号：2437711
[Abstract]:The concept of functionally graded material (Functionally Graded Materials,) was proposed by the Japan Science and Technology Agency in 1987. The material has a gradient distribution in the part interior according to a certain distribution function, so that the mechanical properties of the part also show gradient changes. The traditional methods of fabricating functionally graded materials based on physics or chemistry have the following disadvantages: (1) the functional gradient materials (FGMs) with simple shape and structure can only be fabricated; (2) the parts of embedded devices can not be fabricated; 3, the preparation of functionally graded materials can not achieve the precise control of the phase of each material in a certain range, and can not reflect the designer's intention correctly, thus affecting the performance of the materials. The rapid prototyping (Rapid Prototyping,RP) technology based on the discrete / stacking principle provides a possible method for the preparation of functionally graded material parts, and it can be used to fabricate parts at the same time as the materials are prepared. In the current rapid prototyping field, on the one hand, the commercial functional gradient material molding machine does not exist, some commercial CAD software does not have the ability to represent the material properties of functionally graded material solid parts; On the other hand, many special applications put forward higher requirements for rapid prototyping technology. In this paper, based on rapid prototyping technology, the CAD expression method, slice and path generation method of the functionally graded material model of complex parts are analyzed and studied deeply. A software system for visualization and path generation from STL model to FGM model is designed and developed, which provides a technical basis for the manufacturing of functionally graded material parts based on RP. The following work has been accomplished: 1. The topological relationship among the vertices, half sides and faces of STL model without redundant data is established, and the algorithms for diagnosing and repairing all kinds of errors and defects in STL (StereoLithography) files are put forward. An adaptive surface subdivision algorithm based on Loop mode based on half-edge curvature is proposed. The model is accurately represented by less trihedral patches on the whole in order to ensure the surface accuracy of STL model. 2. The voxel method of grid model is studied systematically, the method of Ray-Casting voxel CAD model based on quad tree is proposed and implemented, and the method of calculating the distance from voxel to reference feature based on digital distance transformation is analyzed. 3. The method of calculating voxel to reference feature distance based on digital distance transformation is analyzed. The visualization route of FGM model based on object space is put forward. The influence of slice thickness of FGM slice on geometric slice error and material slice error is analyzed. The slice algorithm of functionally graded material based on voxel model is given. 4. The contour path generation method based on FGM model is studied, and a curve offset algorithm based on multi-region contour is proposed. A FGM-CAD software for visualization, slicing and path planning of FGM model is designed.
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB34
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