利用掩板法构筑有序纳米阵列

发布时间：2019-04-13 18:12

【摘要】：当材料的尺度在纳微级别时,会表现出同宏观尺度完全不同的性质和行为。贵金属纳微结构材料因其独特的光学性质引起广泛关注,这得益于贵金属材料的表面等离子体共振(SPR)现象。该共振强烈地依赖纳米结构的形状、尺寸、组分和周围的介电环境。当纳米结构在其共振波长处被激发时,入射光会发生强的吸收和散射,同时局部电场也会增强。基于贵金属纳微结构材料特殊的SPR性质,它在小型光学器件、传感、光通信、药物诊断和治疗上表现出了应用价值。随着合成化学技术以及微加工技术的发展,人们制备出了不同尺寸和形貌的贵金属纳微米结构和材料,并在诸多领域研究中取得了很大的进展。如何能更简单、快速、低成本的制备贵金属纳微结构材料并调控其光学性质一直是人们的追求。本论文主要利用掩板法制备不同形貌的贵金属纳微结构材料,并研究相应的光学性质以及潜在的相关应用。第二章中,我们利用掩板法可以制备不同形貌的有序贵金属纳米阵列结构。该方法简便、可控且能够实现大面积有序的结构构筑。首先,我们用HF刻蚀玻璃基底的方法成功实现了金多孔膜掩板的转移,很大程度上解决了传统膜转移过程中容易产生褶皱和破裂的问题。其次,该掩板法用一个模板就可以实现大面积长程有序不同形貌纳米阵列结构的构筑,通过改变聚苯乙烯胶体微球的周期和刻蚀时间来调控纳米阵列结构的周期和尺寸。另外,用该方法可以很容易的组合不同的材料构筑复合材料的纳米阵列结构(Au,Ag,Al,Pt,Pd,SiO2),可以应用在化学生物传感器、纳米天线、增强光学光谱的基底等领域。第三章中,我们继续利用金多孔膜掩板法,用同一个模板分别制备出大面积有序的Ag纳米圆盘阵列结构、Ag纳米柱阵列结构和Ag纳米双月牙阵列结构。通过改变刻蚀时间,制备不同结构尺寸的纳米圆盘和纳米柱阵列,随着刻蚀时间的增加,结构尺寸逐渐减小,共振吸收峰均发生蓝移。另外,在改变刻蚀时间的同时,改变贵金属材料的热沉积角度,可以制备不同结构尺寸的双月牙纳米阵列结构,并研究其参数的改变对光学性质的影响。构筑不同形貌的有序纳米结构并对其光学性质进行研究,为纳米结构在传感器、增强光谱和负折射材料等领域的潜在应用提供可能。
[Abstract]:When the scale of the material is at the nano-micro level, the properties and behaviors of the material are completely different from those of the macro-scale. Precious metal nanostructured materials have attracted much attention due to their unique optical properties, which is due to the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) phenomenon of precious metal materials. The resonance strongly depends on the shape, size, composition and surrounding dielectric environment of the nanostructures. When the nanostructure is excited at its resonance wavelength, the incident light will be strongly absorbed and scattered, and the local electric field will also be enhanced. Based on the special SPR properties of precious metal nanomechanical materials, it has shown its application value in small optical devices, sensing, optical communication, drug diagnosis and treatment. With the development of synthetic chemistry and micro-machining technology, nano-micron structures and materials of precious metals with different sizes and morphologies have been prepared, and great progress has been made in many fields. How to fabricate precious metal nano-structural materials and control their optical properties is always the pursuit of simple, rapid and low-cost preparation of precious metal nanowires. In this thesis, noble metal nanowires with different morphologies were prepared by mask method, and their optical properties and potential applications were studied. In chapter 2, we can fabricate ordered noble metal nanoarrays with different morphologies by mask method. This method is simple, controllable and can realize large area ordered structure construction. Firstly, we successfully realized the transfer of gold porous mask by HF etching of glass substrate, which to a great extent solved the problem of wrinkle and rupture in the process of traditional membrane transfer. Secondly, the mask method can be used to construct a large area long-range ordered nanoarray structure with different morphologies. By changing the period and etching time of polystyrene colloid microspheres, the period and size of the nanoarray structure can be controlled. In addition, the nanoarray structure (Au,Ag,Al,Pt,Pd,SiO2) of composite materials can be easily fabricated by using this method, which can be used in chemical biosensors, nano-antennas, and so on. The substrate of enhanced optical spectrum and other fields. In chapter 3, we continue to fabricate large area ordered Ag nanodisk array, Ag nanocolumn array and Ag nanobilunar array using the same template using gold porous mask method. By changing etching time, nano-disk and nano-column arrays with different structure sizes were prepared. With the increase of etching time, the structure size decreased gradually, and the resonance absorption peaks shifted blue. In addition, by changing the etching time and the thermal deposition angle of precious metal materials, the bimorune nanoarrays with different structure sizes can be prepared, and the influence of the parameters on the optical properties can be studied. The ordered nanostructures with different morphologies are constructed and their optical properties are studied, which provides the potential applications of nanostructures in the fields of sensors, enhanced spectra and negative refractive materials.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB383.1

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